虽然抗反转录病毒治疗方案的出现延长了HIV感染者/艾滋病患者(people living with HIV/AIDS,PLWH)的寿命,但是该人群的自杀风险仍然显著高于普通人群。部分PLWH存在自杀意念,有自杀尝试,或有自杀计划。该人群自杀风险居高不下的人口学...虽然抗反转录病毒治疗方案的出现延长了HIV感染者/艾滋病患者(people living with HIV/AIDS,PLWH)的寿命,但是该人群的自杀风险仍然显著高于普通人群。部分PLWH存在自杀意念,有自杀尝试,或有自杀计划。该人群自杀风险居高不下的人口学因素主要是性别、性取向、年龄和宗教种族等;社会心理因素主要是压力源(压力创伤性事件、社会人际关系问题和精神疾病)、污名化及隐瞒病史等。PLWH社会人际关系问题包括歧视、社会孤立感和社会支持的缺乏等,精神疾病包括抑郁障碍、焦虑障碍和物质使用障碍等。政府及相关组织可以通过研究和改善这些社会心理因素来降低PLWH的自杀风险。展开更多
Introduction: Highly active antiretroviral tritherapies have improved the quality of life of people living with HIV (PVVIH) and extended their life expectancy. However, the nervous system is faced with a neurotropic v...Introduction: Highly active antiretroviral tritherapies have improved the quality of life of people living with HIV (PVVIH) and extended their life expectancy. However, the nervous system is faced with a neurotropic virus that evolves chronically, sometimes creating neurological disorders directly or indirectly linked to stigmatization or therapeutic effects. Objective: to determine the prevalence of depression associated with suicidal risk (SR) and identify associated factors. Patients and method: This was a prospective descriptive and analytical study from January 1 to November 30, 2022, including all HIV-positive patients receiving or not receiving antiretroviral therapy. The study took place in the infectious diseases department of Brazzaville University Hospital. This department has an inpatient capacity of 36 beds, and an outpatient capacity of 25 patients per day, three times a week. This is the largest center for PVVIH in Brazzaville. The Patient Heath Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) was used to assess the degree of depression and suicidal risk. Therapeutic adherence was assessed using the Morisky questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 software. Qualitative variables were expressed as numbers and percentages, and quantitative variables as means and standard deviations. Statistical tests were used according to their applicability criteria. For all tests, the significance threshold was set at 0.05. Results: A total of 150 patients were consulted, constituting the sample size. The prevalence of depression and suicidal risk was 32%. These patients had an average age of 42.83 ± 10.24 years, were female (n = 101;67.3%), Christian (n = 97;64%), single (n = 68;45.3%). Stigmatization (n = 75;50%) was the reason for attempted suicide. HIV was perceived as treatable (n = 103;68.7%), unlucky (n = 62;41.3%). Patients were WHO stage 1 (n = 105;70%). RS was present in 47 cases (31.3%). Factors associated with depression and suicidal risk were age (p = 0.000), residence (p = 0.028), suicide attempt (p = 0.000),展开更多
目的探讨误诊为抑郁症的双相障碍Ⅰ型患者自杀风险的社会人口学与临床特征方面的危险因素。方法来自全国13个中心患者共1478例,收集社会人口学及临床特征等信息,通过简明国际神经精神访谈(the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Inte...目的探讨误诊为抑郁症的双相障碍Ⅰ型患者自杀风险的社会人口学与临床特征方面的危险因素。方法来自全国13个中心患者共1478例,收集社会人口学及临床特征等信息,通过简明国际神经精神访谈(the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview,MINI)5.0中文版确定诊断,其中116例被诊断为双相Ⅰ型。此116例患者采用MINI中自杀模块界定自杀风险,比较有、无自杀风险两组之间特征有无差异,通过Logistic回归分析探讨自杀风险的危险因素。结果与无自杀风险组相比,有自杀风险组发作频繁、更多伴不典型特征、自杀观念及精神病性症状、周期性或季节性、起病有诱因、更多次发病。Logistic回归分析显示,精神病性症状(OR=6.127)、伴有自杀观念(OR=3.940)及频繁发作(OR=3.283)与误诊为抑郁症的双相Ⅰ型患者自杀风险高相关(均P<0.05)。结论精神病性症状、自杀观念及频繁发作可能是误诊为抑郁症的双相Ⅰ型患者自杀风险的独立危险因素。展开更多
目的系统评价不同心理干预措施降低自杀未遂患者再次自杀风险的效果。方法计算机检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、中国生物医学文献服务系统、Embase、PubMed、The Cochrane Library、Web of Science等数据库,搜集有关心理干预对...目的系统评价不同心理干预措施降低自杀未遂患者再次自杀风险的效果。方法计算机检索中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、中国生物医学文献服务系统、Embase、PubMed、The Cochrane Library、Web of Science等数据库,搜集有关心理干预对自杀未遂患者再次自杀风险改善效果的文献。筛选文献、提取资料并进行方法学质量评价后,采用Stata 13.0软件进行网状Meta分析。结果最终纳入13篇文献,包含4652例患者,涉及8种心理干预措施。网状Meta分析结果显示,与常规护理疗法相比,自杀未遂短期干预计划(ASSIP)+常规护理疗法干预后自杀未遂患者的再次尝试自杀发生率更低,且其改善患者高风险自杀意念的效果最优。曲线下累积排序概率面积分析结果显示,降低自杀未遂患者再次自杀尝试发生率的最优措施依次是ASSIP+常规护理疗法、情绪调节治疗+常规护理疗法、电话联系管理+常规护理疗法,改善患者产生高风险自杀意念的最优措施依次是ASSIP+常规护理疗法、标准案例管理疗法+常规护理疗法、短期认知行为疗法+常规护理疗法。结论ASSIP+常规护理疗法在降低自杀未遂患者再次自杀尝试发生率及高风险自杀意念发生率方面均有较好效果,推荐采用ASSIP+常规护理疗法降低自杀未遂患者再次自杀风险。展开更多
Introduction: According to the WHO, suicide is a real public health problem worldwide, and several risk factors have been identified, including pain and chronic illness. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess ...Introduction: According to the WHO, suicide is a real public health problem worldwide, and several risk factors have been identified, including pain and chronic illness. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the suicidal risk in sickle-cell patients. Method: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study of sickle-cell patients followed up at the University Clinic of Blood Diseases of Hubert Koutoukou Maga National University Hospital Center from August 2022 to November 2022. The instrument used was the Ducher suicide risk self-assessment scale. Results: A total of 65 patients were included. Mean age was 27.04 ± 1.95 years, with extremes of 16 and 50 years, and a peak of 47.69% in the 20 - 30 age group. Women predominated (58.46%), with a sex ratio of 0.71. Somatic complaints accounted for 41.54% of patients’ visits, including 21.54% for pain. Suicidal risk was positive in 44.62%, including 13.85% for severe suicidal risk, and 20% attributed their desire to die to pain. The factor associated with positive suicidal risk was single parenthood (p = 0.02). Of those with a positive suicidal risk, 46% had shared the intention with close relatives (family and friends), but none had used medical services. Conclusion: These data demonstrate the high prevalence of suicidal risk among people with sickle cell disease, and therefore the need for psychosocial intervention in this specific population in Benin.展开更多
文摘虽然抗反转录病毒治疗方案的出现延长了HIV感染者/艾滋病患者(people living with HIV/AIDS,PLWH)的寿命,但是该人群的自杀风险仍然显著高于普通人群。部分PLWH存在自杀意念,有自杀尝试,或有自杀计划。该人群自杀风险居高不下的人口学因素主要是性别、性取向、年龄和宗教种族等;社会心理因素主要是压力源(压力创伤性事件、社会人际关系问题和精神疾病)、污名化及隐瞒病史等。PLWH社会人际关系问题包括歧视、社会孤立感和社会支持的缺乏等,精神疾病包括抑郁障碍、焦虑障碍和物质使用障碍等。政府及相关组织可以通过研究和改善这些社会心理因素来降低PLWH的自杀风险。
文摘Introduction: Highly active antiretroviral tritherapies have improved the quality of life of people living with HIV (PVVIH) and extended their life expectancy. However, the nervous system is faced with a neurotropic virus that evolves chronically, sometimes creating neurological disorders directly or indirectly linked to stigmatization or therapeutic effects. Objective: to determine the prevalence of depression associated with suicidal risk (SR) and identify associated factors. Patients and method: This was a prospective descriptive and analytical study from January 1 to November 30, 2022, including all HIV-positive patients receiving or not receiving antiretroviral therapy. The study took place in the infectious diseases department of Brazzaville University Hospital. This department has an inpatient capacity of 36 beds, and an outpatient capacity of 25 patients per day, three times a week. This is the largest center for PVVIH in Brazzaville. The Patient Heath Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) was used to assess the degree of depression and suicidal risk. Therapeutic adherence was assessed using the Morisky questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 software. Qualitative variables were expressed as numbers and percentages, and quantitative variables as means and standard deviations. Statistical tests were used according to their applicability criteria. For all tests, the significance threshold was set at 0.05. Results: A total of 150 patients were consulted, constituting the sample size. The prevalence of depression and suicidal risk was 32%. These patients had an average age of 42.83 ± 10.24 years, were female (n = 101;67.3%), Christian (n = 97;64%), single (n = 68;45.3%). Stigmatization (n = 75;50%) was the reason for attempted suicide. HIV was perceived as treatable (n = 103;68.7%), unlucky (n = 62;41.3%). Patients were WHO stage 1 (n = 105;70%). RS was present in 47 cases (31.3%). Factors associated with depression and suicidal risk were age (p = 0.000), residence (p = 0.028), suicide attempt (p = 0.000),
文摘目的探讨误诊为抑郁症的双相障碍Ⅰ型患者自杀风险的社会人口学与临床特征方面的危险因素。方法来自全国13个中心患者共1478例,收集社会人口学及临床特征等信息,通过简明国际神经精神访谈(the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview,MINI)5.0中文版确定诊断,其中116例被诊断为双相Ⅰ型。此116例患者采用MINI中自杀模块界定自杀风险,比较有、无自杀风险两组之间特征有无差异,通过Logistic回归分析探讨自杀风险的危险因素。结果与无自杀风险组相比,有自杀风险组发作频繁、更多伴不典型特征、自杀观念及精神病性症状、周期性或季节性、起病有诱因、更多次发病。Logistic回归分析显示,精神病性症状(OR=6.127)、伴有自杀观念(OR=3.940)及频繁发作(OR=3.283)与误诊为抑郁症的双相Ⅰ型患者自杀风险高相关(均P<0.05)。结论精神病性症状、自杀观念及频繁发作可能是误诊为抑郁症的双相Ⅰ型患者自杀风险的独立危险因素。
文摘Introduction: According to the WHO, suicide is a real public health problem worldwide, and several risk factors have been identified, including pain and chronic illness. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the suicidal risk in sickle-cell patients. Method: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study of sickle-cell patients followed up at the University Clinic of Blood Diseases of Hubert Koutoukou Maga National University Hospital Center from August 2022 to November 2022. The instrument used was the Ducher suicide risk self-assessment scale. Results: A total of 65 patients were included. Mean age was 27.04 ± 1.95 years, with extremes of 16 and 50 years, and a peak of 47.69% in the 20 - 30 age group. Women predominated (58.46%), with a sex ratio of 0.71. Somatic complaints accounted for 41.54% of patients’ visits, including 21.54% for pain. Suicidal risk was positive in 44.62%, including 13.85% for severe suicidal risk, and 20% attributed their desire to die to pain. The factor associated with positive suicidal risk was single parenthood (p = 0.02). Of those with a positive suicidal risk, 46% had shared the intention with close relatives (family and friends), but none had used medical services. Conclusion: These data demonstrate the high prevalence of suicidal risk among people with sickle cell disease, and therefore the need for psychosocial intervention in this specific population in Benin.
