为改善引黄灌区的土壤结构,以旋耕(RT)为对照,设置深松30、35、40、50和60 cm 5个处理(ST30、ST35、ST40、ST50、ST60),通过5年定位试验研究了深松深度对甘肃引黄灌区灌耕灰钙土团聚体分布和稳定性的影响。结果表明,深松促进了0~40 cm...为改善引黄灌区的土壤结构,以旋耕(RT)为对照,设置深松30、35、40、50和60 cm 5个处理(ST30、ST35、ST40、ST50、ST60),通过5年定位试验研究了深松深度对甘肃引黄灌区灌耕灰钙土团聚体分布和稳定性的影响。结果表明,深松促进了0~40 cm土层大团聚体的形成,并提高了其稳定性。干筛法下,>0.25 mm团聚体含量(R0.25)、平均重量直径(MWD)、几何平均直径(GMD)分别比RT处理增加6.16%、8.53%和13.38%,分形维数(D)降低3.81%;湿筛法下,R0.25、MWD和GMD分别增加44.78%、10.08%和5.81%,D值降低0.63%。深松5个处理平均的团聚体破坏率(PAD)和不稳定团粒指数(ELT)也分别比RT处理降低了5.77%和5.88%。R0.25、MWD、GMD随深松深度的增加而增加,大小顺序为ST60>ST50>ST40>ST35>ST30>RT,不同粒径团聚体含量也有大致相同的趋势,PAD、ELT和D则呈现相反的顺序。综合分析认为,深松耕能显著提高土壤团聚体含量和稳定性,深松深度越深,对土壤结构的改良效果越好,若考虑深松效益和机械动力配置,建议至少深松35 cm以上。展开更多
This study aimed at optimizing tillage depth and hitching length for optimal draft requirement in sandy clay loam soils for animal drawn subsoiler. Field experiments were conducted to collect draft datasets using the ...This study aimed at optimizing tillage depth and hitching length for optimal draft requirement in sandy clay loam soils for animal drawn subsoiler. Field experiments were conducted to collect draft datasets using the MSI 7300 digital dynamometer communicating remotely with MSI-8000 RF data logger connected to a laptop through the serial port. To determine the numeric values of soil parameters pertinent to subsoiling, field experiments, laboratory tests and numerical analysis techniques were employed. For a specified speed, a combination of three hitch lengths of 2.5 m, 3.0 m and 3.5 m and three depths from 0 cm to 30 cm with a range of 10 cm interval was used. Soil bulk density was found to vary between 1.52 to 1.37 g/cm3 and 1.44 to 1.67 g/cm3 for Machakos and Kitui experimental plots respectively. Soil moisture content increased with an increase in depth ranging from 3.53% to 9.94% for Machakos site and from 4.15% to 9.61% for Kitui site. Soil shear strength parameters ranged between 21.71 and 29.6 kPa between depths of 0 - 20 cm and decreased to 28.07 kPa for depths beyond 20 cm at Machakos experimental plot;while for Kitui experimental plot, it ranged between 30.02 and 39.29 kPa between depths of 0 - 30 cm. A second-order quadratic expression of the form y = ax2 + bx + c was obtained for the relationship between specific draft and depth at given hitching length as well as specific draft against hitching length at a given depth. The optimal hitching length and tillage depth for Machakos experimental plot were obtained as 2.9 m (~3 m) and 16.5 cm respectively. In Kitui experimental site, the optimal hitching length was obtained as 2.9 m (~3 m) and the optimal tillage depth was 15.4 cm.展开更多
文摘This study aimed at optimizing tillage depth and hitching length for optimal draft requirement in sandy clay loam soils for animal drawn subsoiler. Field experiments were conducted to collect draft datasets using the MSI 7300 digital dynamometer communicating remotely with MSI-8000 RF data logger connected to a laptop through the serial port. To determine the numeric values of soil parameters pertinent to subsoiling, field experiments, laboratory tests and numerical analysis techniques were employed. For a specified speed, a combination of three hitch lengths of 2.5 m, 3.0 m and 3.5 m and three depths from 0 cm to 30 cm with a range of 10 cm interval was used. Soil bulk density was found to vary between 1.52 to 1.37 g/cm3 and 1.44 to 1.67 g/cm3 for Machakos and Kitui experimental plots respectively. Soil moisture content increased with an increase in depth ranging from 3.53% to 9.94% for Machakos site and from 4.15% to 9.61% for Kitui site. Soil shear strength parameters ranged between 21.71 and 29.6 kPa between depths of 0 - 20 cm and decreased to 28.07 kPa for depths beyond 20 cm at Machakos experimental plot;while for Kitui experimental plot, it ranged between 30.02 and 39.29 kPa between depths of 0 - 30 cm. A second-order quadratic expression of the form y = ax2 + bx + c was obtained for the relationship between specific draft and depth at given hitching length as well as specific draft against hitching length at a given depth. The optimal hitching length and tillage depth for Machakos experimental plot were obtained as 2.9 m (~3 m) and 16.5 cm respectively. In Kitui experimental site, the optimal hitching length was obtained as 2.9 m (~3 m) and the optimal tillage depth was 15.4 cm.
