摘要
长期不合理耕作方式导致土壤结构性能恶化,严重影响着土壤质量及作物的产量和品质,已成为制约我国农业可持续发展的重要问题。深松作业是保护性耕作的重要内容之一,也是土壤耕层构建的重要方式,其特点是耕作时超过常规耕层深度而不打乱上、下土层,是农业生产过程中重要的增产技术措施。深松作业可以打破犁底层并改善土壤透水、透气性能,为植物根系提供良好的生长环境。为此,针对深松作业阻力大、土壤松碎效果差的难题,借鉴国内外的深松技术研究成果,设计了一种深松作业机具,旨在为深松机的设计提供理论依据和技术支撑。田间试验表明:该机深松深度变异系数平均值为6.88%,深松深度稳定系数平均值为93.12%,碎土率平均值为37.07%,土壤蓬松度平均值为35.59%、土壤扰动系数平均值为53.07%,各项测试指标均能满足相应的国家标准,机具性能可靠,作业效果满足设计要求。
The long-term unreasonable farming methods lead to the deterioration of soil structure and performance,which seriously affects the soil quality and crop yield and quality,and has become an important problem restricting the sustainable development of agriculture in China.Subsoiling is one of the important contents of conservation tillage and an important way of soil topsoil construction.Its characteristic is that it exceeds the depth of conventional topsoil without disturbing the upper and lower soil layers.It is an important technical measure to increase production in the process of agricultural production.Subsoiling can break the plow bottom,improve the permeability and permeability of soil,and provide a good growth environment for plant roots.Aiming at the problems of large subsoiling resistance and poor soil loosening and crushing effect,this paper designs a subsoiling machine and tool based on the research results of subsoiling technology at home and abroad,which provides theoretical basis and technical support for the design of subsoiling machine.The field test shows that the average coefficient of variation of subsoiling depth is 6.88%,the average coefficient of stability of subsoiling depth is 93.12%,the average rate of broken soil is 37.07%,the average degree of soil Fluffy is 35.59%,and the average coefficient of soil disturbance is 53.07%.All test indexes can meet the corresponding national standards,the performance of machines and tools is reliable,and the operation effect meets the design requirements.
作者
高占文
Gao Zhanwen(Liaoning Institute of Agricultural Mechanization,Shenyang 110168,China)
出处
《农机化研究》
北大核心
2024年第3期105-109,共5页
Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research
基金
辽宁省科学基金项目(2020JH/10200024)
辽宁省农业科学院学科建设项目(2019DD289542)。
关键词
深松机
变异系数
碎土率
深松深度稳定系数
subsoiler
variable coefficient
the rate of breaking soil
the stability of subsoiling depth
