Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor has anti-apoptotic,anti-inflammatory,and neuroprotective effects.It is now recognized that the occurrence and development of chronic pain are strongly associated with anti-inflammatory...Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor has anti-apoptotic,anti-inflammatory,and neuroprotective effects.It is now recognized that the occurrence and development of chronic pain are strongly associated with anti-inflammatory responses;however,it is not clear whether glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor regulates chronic pain via anti-inflammatory mechanisms.We explored the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor on nociception,cognition,and neuroinflammation in chronic pain.A rat model of chronic pain was established using left L5 spinal nerve ligation.The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist exendin-4 was intrathecally injected into rats from 10 to 21 days after spinal nerve ligation.Electrophysiological examinations showed that,after treatment with exendin-4,paw withdrawal frequency of the left limb was significantly reduced,and pain was relieved.In addition,in the Morris water maze test,escape latency increased and the time to reach the platform decreased following exendin-4 treatment.Immunohistochemical staining and western blot assays revealed an increase in the numbers of activated microglia and astrocytes in the dentate gyrus of rat hippocampus,as well as an increase in the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha,interleukin 1 beta,and interleukin 6.All of these effects could be reversed by exendin-4 treatment.These findings suggest that exendin-4 can alleviate pain-induced neuroinflammatory responses and promote the recovery of cognitive function via the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor pathway.All experimental procedures and protocols were approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University of China(approval No.WDRM 20171214)on September 22,2017.展开更多
目的通过鞘内注射N-myc下游调节基因2(NDRG2)干扰腺病毒(AD-Ndrg2-RNAi),研究脊髓背角内NDRG2在脊神经结扎(SNL)神经病理性痛模型大鼠中的作用。方法雄性SD大鼠42只,体重180~230 g,随机分为假手术组(sham组,n=6)和SNL组(n=36),sham组仅...目的通过鞘内注射N-myc下游调节基因2(NDRG2)干扰腺病毒(AD-Ndrg2-RNAi),研究脊髓背角内NDRG2在脊神经结扎(SNL)神经病理性痛模型大鼠中的作用。方法雄性SD大鼠42只,体重180~230 g,随机分为假手术组(sham组,n=6)和SNL组(n=36),sham组仅暴露脊神经不结扎,SNL组行L5脊神经结扎术。分别测定术前1 d、术后1、3、7、10、14和21 d大鼠术侧足底机械缩足阈值(MWT)和热缩足潜伏期(TWL)。SNL组大鼠各相应时点行为学测试后分别处死,取术侧脊髓腰膨大,检测NDRG2蛋白含量和mRNA表达量。另取48只雄性SD大鼠行鞘内置管后随机分为四组(n=12):sham+生理盐水组(CS组)、sham+AD-Ndrg2-RNAi组(CA组)、SNL+生理盐水组(SS组)和SNL+AD-Ndrg2-RNAi组(SA组);CS、SS两组大鼠术后3 d鞘内单次注射生理盐水10μl,CA、SA两组大鼠相同时点鞘内单次注射10μl,滴度为2×109PFU/ml的AD-Ndrg2-RNAi。于SNL术前1 d、术后1、3、7和10 d分别测定大鼠足底MWT和TWL。术后10 d行为学测试后处死大鼠,取术侧脊髓腰膨大,检测NDRG2和胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)蛋白含量,采用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-q PCR)法检测NDRG2 mRNA的表达量。结果与sham组比较,SNL组术后1、3、7、10、14、21 d MWT明显降低(P<0.01),术后3、7、10、14、21 d TWL明显缩短(P<0.01)。与术前1 d比较,SNL组脊髓背角内NDRG2的蛋白含量和mRNA表达量在术后1 d明显降低,术后7、10、14、21 d明显升高(P<0.05)。与CS组比较,SS组和SA组术后1、3、7、10 d MWT明显降低,TWL明显缩短(P<0.05);与SS组比较,SA组术后7、10 d MWT明显升高,TWL明显延长(P<0.05)。与CS组比较,术后10 d CA组脊髓背角内NDRG2的蛋白含量和mRNA表达量均明显降低(P<0.05),SS组均明显升高(P<0.05);与SS组比较,SA组脊髓背角内NDRG2的蛋白含量和mRNA表达量均明显降低(P<0.05)。与CS组比较,术后10 d CA、SS、SA组脊髓背角内GFAP蛋白含量均明显升高(P<0.05)。结论 NDRG2蛋白含量升高参与了神经病理�展开更多
基金supported by the Special Grant for Scientific and Technological Development Conducted by The Central Government of China in 2016:Quality Test and Operation with Anesthesia Center of Experimental Animal of Hubei Province,No.2060403(to BHZ)
文摘Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor has anti-apoptotic,anti-inflammatory,and neuroprotective effects.It is now recognized that the occurrence and development of chronic pain are strongly associated with anti-inflammatory responses;however,it is not clear whether glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor regulates chronic pain via anti-inflammatory mechanisms.We explored the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor on nociception,cognition,and neuroinflammation in chronic pain.A rat model of chronic pain was established using left L5 spinal nerve ligation.The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist exendin-4 was intrathecally injected into rats from 10 to 21 days after spinal nerve ligation.Electrophysiological examinations showed that,after treatment with exendin-4,paw withdrawal frequency of the left limb was significantly reduced,and pain was relieved.In addition,in the Morris water maze test,escape latency increased and the time to reach the platform decreased following exendin-4 treatment.Immunohistochemical staining and western blot assays revealed an increase in the numbers of activated microglia and astrocytes in the dentate gyrus of rat hippocampus,as well as an increase in the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha,interleukin 1 beta,and interleukin 6.All of these effects could be reversed by exendin-4 treatment.These findings suggest that exendin-4 can alleviate pain-induced neuroinflammatory responses and promote the recovery of cognitive function via the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor pathway.All experimental procedures and protocols were approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University of China(approval No.WDRM 20171214)on September 22,2017.
文摘目的通过鞘内注射N-myc下游调节基因2(NDRG2)干扰腺病毒(AD-Ndrg2-RNAi),研究脊髓背角内NDRG2在脊神经结扎(SNL)神经病理性痛模型大鼠中的作用。方法雄性SD大鼠42只,体重180~230 g,随机分为假手术组(sham组,n=6)和SNL组(n=36),sham组仅暴露脊神经不结扎,SNL组行L5脊神经结扎术。分别测定术前1 d、术后1、3、7、10、14和21 d大鼠术侧足底机械缩足阈值(MWT)和热缩足潜伏期(TWL)。SNL组大鼠各相应时点行为学测试后分别处死,取术侧脊髓腰膨大,检测NDRG2蛋白含量和mRNA表达量。另取48只雄性SD大鼠行鞘内置管后随机分为四组(n=12):sham+生理盐水组(CS组)、sham+AD-Ndrg2-RNAi组(CA组)、SNL+生理盐水组(SS组)和SNL+AD-Ndrg2-RNAi组(SA组);CS、SS两组大鼠术后3 d鞘内单次注射生理盐水10μl,CA、SA两组大鼠相同时点鞘内单次注射10μl,滴度为2×109PFU/ml的AD-Ndrg2-RNAi。于SNL术前1 d、术后1、3、7和10 d分别测定大鼠足底MWT和TWL。术后10 d行为学测试后处死大鼠,取术侧脊髓腰膨大,检测NDRG2和胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)蛋白含量,采用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-q PCR)法检测NDRG2 mRNA的表达量。结果与sham组比较,SNL组术后1、3、7、10、14、21 d MWT明显降低(P<0.01),术后3、7、10、14、21 d TWL明显缩短(P<0.01)。与术前1 d比较,SNL组脊髓背角内NDRG2的蛋白含量和mRNA表达量在术后1 d明显降低,术后7、10、14、21 d明显升高(P<0.05)。与CS组比较,SS组和SA组术后1、3、7、10 d MWT明显降低,TWL明显缩短(P<0.05);与SS组比较,SA组术后7、10 d MWT明显升高,TWL明显延长(P<0.05)。与CS组比较,术后10 d CA组脊髓背角内NDRG2的蛋白含量和mRNA表达量均明显降低(P<0.05),SS组均明显升高(P<0.05);与SS组比较,SA组脊髓背角内NDRG2的蛋白含量和mRNA表达量均明显降低(P<0.05)。与CS组比较,术后10 d CA、SS、SA组脊髓背角内GFAP蛋白含量均明显升高(P<0.05)。结论 NDRG2蛋白含量升高参与了神经病理�
文摘目的:观察神经病理性痛条件下细胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular singal-regulated kinase,ERK)对疼痛引起的负性情绪反应的影响。方法:应用Western blot和行为药理学方法,观察腰5脊神经结扎(L5 spinalnerve ligation,SNL)大鼠中央杏仁核外侧囊状部(latero-capsular division of central nucleus of amygdala,CeC)内ERK及磷酸化-ERK(phosphorylated-ERK,p-ERK)的表达情况及ERK磷酸化抑制剂对疼痛引起的负性情绪反应的影响。结果:SNL模型大鼠CeC内p-ERK的表达水平明显升高,与对照组相比,有统计学差异(P<0.05),而总ERK的表达水平则未见组间差异;用超声波检测仪可以检测到SNL大鼠超声发声明显增多,但腹膜腔注射ERK磷酸化的抑制剂U0126后其超声发声被显著抑制。结论:中央杏仁核外侧囊状部内ERK的激活参与了神经病理性痛引起的突触可塑性,在痛相关情绪的产生中发挥了重要作用。
