中国科学院国家天文台自2001年成立以来,汇集了与太阳物理有关的创新研究队伍和观测基地,是我国规模最大的太阳物理研究群体,拥有理论研究、观测分析和设备研制等综合优势.20年来,国家天文台成功运行着多通道太阳磁场望远镜和太阳射电...中国科学院国家天文台自2001年成立以来,汇集了与太阳物理有关的创新研究队伍和观测基地,是我国规模最大的太阳物理研究群体,拥有理论研究、观测分析和设备研制等综合优势.20年来,国家天文台成功运行着多通道太阳磁场望远镜和太阳射电宽带动态频谱仪等世界一流的观测设备,研制了全日面太阳光学和磁场监测系统及明安图射电频谱日像仪(Mingantu Spectral Radioheliograph,MUSER)等新一代观测设备,正在研制中红外太阳磁场精确测量观测系统(accurate solar infrared magnetic measuring system,AIMS)、我国首个空间太阳望远镜ASO-S(Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory)的有效载荷全日面磁场望远镜(full-disk magnetograph,FMG)、米波-十米波射电频谱日像仪和行星际闪烁射电望远镜等新设备.本文着重回顾近20年国家天文台研究人员取得的一系列开拓性研究成果或亮点研究进展,进一步展望未来我国太阳物理界将主要在太阳磁场、太阳射电和深空太阳探测方面进行的重点突破,推动在太阳和日地物理中解决科学难题,包括太阳磁场与太阳周的起源、日冕加热、太阳爆发起源及其对日地空间环境的作用和影响等.展开更多
Solar activity (SA) has been hypothesized to be a trigger of earthquakes, although it is not as intuitively associated as other potential triggers such as </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"&g...Solar activity (SA) has been hypothesized to be a trigger of earthquakes, although it is not as intuitively associated as other potential triggers such as </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tidal stress, rainfall, and the building of artificial water reservoirs. Here, we in</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ves</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tigate the relation between SA and global earthquake numbers (GEN) by using</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> a deep learning method to test the hypothesis. We use the daily data of GEN </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and SA (1996/01/01</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2019/12/31) to construct a temporal convolution netw</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ork (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">TCN). From the computational results, we confirm that the TCN captures th</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">relation between SA and earthquakes with magnitudes from 4.0 to 4.9. We als</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">o </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">find that the TCN achieves better fitting and prediction performance compar</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ed with previous work</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.展开更多
Forced by transient solar activities since 7 ka,the thermal structures of the Pacific upper water at boreal winter are featured by an enhanced response of 3-dimensional Western Pacific Warm Pool(WPWP) in an Earth syst...Forced by transient solar activities since 7 ka,the thermal structures of the Pacific upper water at boreal winter are featured by an enhanced response of 3-dimensional Western Pacific Warm Pool(WPWP) in an Earth system model of Intermediate Complexity at centennial scales.During solar maximum periods,the magnitude of surface ocean temperature variations is 30% larger in the western tropical Pacific than in the Ni o3 region,while at subsurface,it is 40% larger in the subtropical North Pacific than in the western Equatorial Pacific.They compromise stronger zonal and meridional thermal gradients in surface and subsurface Pacific respectively which are both linearly responded to solar forcing at centennial periods.The surface gradient is most sensitive at 208-year period while the subsurface gradient shows more significance at periods longer than 208-year.Also noteworthy are two differences:(1) the phase lags at these periods of surface gradient are slightly smaller than that of subsurface;(2) the 148-year and 102-year periods in surface gradient are lost in subsurface gradient.These modeled features preliminary confirm the centennial fluctuations of WPWP in paleo-proxies and a potential solar forcing during the Holocene.展开更多
文摘中国科学院国家天文台自2001年成立以来,汇集了与太阳物理有关的创新研究队伍和观测基地,是我国规模最大的太阳物理研究群体,拥有理论研究、观测分析和设备研制等综合优势.20年来,国家天文台成功运行着多通道太阳磁场望远镜和太阳射电宽带动态频谱仪等世界一流的观测设备,研制了全日面太阳光学和磁场监测系统及明安图射电频谱日像仪(Mingantu Spectral Radioheliograph,MUSER)等新一代观测设备,正在研制中红外太阳磁场精确测量观测系统(accurate solar infrared magnetic measuring system,AIMS)、我国首个空间太阳望远镜ASO-S(Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory)的有效载荷全日面磁场望远镜(full-disk magnetograph,FMG)、米波-十米波射电频谱日像仪和行星际闪烁射电望远镜等新设备.本文着重回顾近20年国家天文台研究人员取得的一系列开拓性研究成果或亮点研究进展,进一步展望未来我国太阳物理界将主要在太阳磁场、太阳射电和深空太阳探测方面进行的重点突破,推动在太阳和日地物理中解决科学难题,包括太阳磁场与太阳周的起源、日冕加热、太阳爆发起源及其对日地空间环境的作用和影响等.
文摘Solar activity (SA) has been hypothesized to be a trigger of earthquakes, although it is not as intuitively associated as other potential triggers such as </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tidal stress, rainfall, and the building of artificial water reservoirs. Here, we in</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ves</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tigate the relation between SA and global earthquake numbers (GEN) by using</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> a deep learning method to test the hypothesis. We use the daily data of GEN </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and SA (1996/01/01</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2019/12/31) to construct a temporal convolution netw</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ork (</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">TCN). From the computational results, we confirm that the TCN captures th</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">e </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">relation between SA and earthquakes with magnitudes from 4.0 to 4.9. We als</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">o </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">find that the TCN achieves better fitting and prediction performance compar</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ed with previous work</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB815901)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41023004 and 91028004)
文摘Forced by transient solar activities since 7 ka,the thermal structures of the Pacific upper water at boreal winter are featured by an enhanced response of 3-dimensional Western Pacific Warm Pool(WPWP) in an Earth system model of Intermediate Complexity at centennial scales.During solar maximum periods,the magnitude of surface ocean temperature variations is 30% larger in the western tropical Pacific than in the Ni o3 region,while at subsurface,it is 40% larger in the subtropical North Pacific than in the western Equatorial Pacific.They compromise stronger zonal and meridional thermal gradients in surface and subsurface Pacific respectively which are both linearly responded to solar forcing at centennial periods.The surface gradient is most sensitive at 208-year period while the subsurface gradient shows more significance at periods longer than 208-year.Also noteworthy are two differences:(1) the phase lags at these periods of surface gradient are slightly smaller than that of subsurface;(2) the 148-year and 102-year periods in surface gradient are lost in subsurface gradient.These modeled features preliminary confirm the centennial fluctuations of WPWP in paleo-proxies and a potential solar forcing during the Holocene.