The ability to repair damaged or lost tissues varies significantly among vertebrates.The regenerative ability of the heart is clinically very relevant,because adult teleost fish and amphibians can regenerate heart tis...The ability to repair damaged or lost tissues varies significantly among vertebrates.The regenerative ability of the heart is clinically very relevant,because adult teleost fish and amphibians can regenerate heart tissue,but we mammals cannot.Interestingly,heart regeneration is possible in neonatal mice,but this ability is lost within 7 days after birth.In zebrafish and neonatal mice,lost cardiomyocytes are regenerated via proliferation of spared,differentiated cardiomyocytes.While some cardiomyocyte turnover occurs in adult mammals,the cardiomyocyte production rate is too low in response to injury to regenerate the heart.Instead,mammalian hearts respond to injury by remodeling of spared tissue,which includes cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays important roles during vertebrate heart development,and it is re-activated in response to cardiac injury.In this review,we discuss the known functions of this signaling pathway in injured hearts,its involvement in cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy,and potential therapeutic approaches that might promote cardiac repair after injury by modifying Wnt/β-catenin signaling.Regulation of cardiac remodeling by this signaling pathway appears to vary depending on the injury model and the exact stages that have been studied.Thus,conflicting data have been published regarding a potential role of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in promotion of fibrosis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.In addition,the Wnt inhibitory secreted Frizzled-related proteins(sFrps)appear to have Wnt-dependent and Wnt-independent roles in the injured heart.Thus,while the exact functions of Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity in response to injury still need to be elucidated in the non-regenerating mammalian heart,but also in regenerating lower vertebrates,manipulation of the pathway is essential for creation of therapeutically useful cardiomyocytes from stem cells in culture.Hopefully,a detailed understanding of the in vivo role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in injured mammalian and non-mammalian hearts will a展开更多
Wnts are a highly conserved family of Upid-modified glycoproteins that work as morphogens to activate several signaling pathways, leading to remodeling of the cytoskeleton and the regulation of gene transcription. Wnt...Wnts are a highly conserved family of Upid-modified glycoproteins that work as morphogens to activate several signaling pathways, leading to remodeling of the cytoskeleton and the regulation of gene transcription. Wnt signaling regulates multiple cellular functions and cell systems, including the development and maintenance of midbrain dopaminergic （m DA） neurons. These neurons are of consid- erable interest for regenerative medicine because their degeneration results in Parkinson＇s disease （PD）. This review focuses on new advances in understanding key functions of Wnts in mDA neuron development and using novel tools to regulate Wnt signaling in re- generative medicine for PD. Particularly, recent reports indicate that appropriate levels of Wnt signaling are essential to improve the quantity and quality of stem ceil- or reprogrammed ceU-derived mDA neurons to be used in drug discovery and cell replacement therapy for PD.展开更多
脂联素（adiponectin,ADPN）是一种抗炎脂肪因子,且其具有改善胰岛素抵抗及抗动脉粥样硬化等作用。分泌型卷曲相关蛋白-5（Secreted frizzled-related protein 5,SFRP5）被证实是继脂联素之后的又一抗炎脂肪因子,其可能通过炎症反应参...脂联素（adiponectin,ADPN）是一种抗炎脂肪因子,且其具有改善胰岛素抵抗及抗动脉粥样硬化等作用。分泌型卷曲相关蛋白-5（Secreted frizzled-related protein 5,SFRP5）被证实是继脂联素之后的又一抗炎脂肪因子,其可能通过炎症反应参与肥胖及糖尿病等代谢性疾病的发生[1]。目前,关于SFRP5与糖尿病微血管病变的研究少见报道。本研究通过测定糖尿病患者血清SFRP5、ADPN水平变化,探讨2型糖尿病患者血清SFRP5和ADPN水平与UAER的相关性及血清SFRP5和ADPN水平是否可以作为糖尿病肾病早期预测指标。展开更多
文摘The ability to repair damaged or lost tissues varies significantly among vertebrates.The regenerative ability of the heart is clinically very relevant,because adult teleost fish and amphibians can regenerate heart tissue,but we mammals cannot.Interestingly,heart regeneration is possible in neonatal mice,but this ability is lost within 7 days after birth.In zebrafish and neonatal mice,lost cardiomyocytes are regenerated via proliferation of spared,differentiated cardiomyocytes.While some cardiomyocyte turnover occurs in adult mammals,the cardiomyocyte production rate is too low in response to injury to regenerate the heart.Instead,mammalian hearts respond to injury by remodeling of spared tissue,which includes cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays important roles during vertebrate heart development,and it is re-activated in response to cardiac injury.In this review,we discuss the known functions of this signaling pathway in injured hearts,its involvement in cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy,and potential therapeutic approaches that might promote cardiac repair after injury by modifying Wnt/β-catenin signaling.Regulation of cardiac remodeling by this signaling pathway appears to vary depending on the injury model and the exact stages that have been studied.Thus,conflicting data have been published regarding a potential role of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in promotion of fibrosis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.In addition,the Wnt inhibitory secreted Frizzled-related proteins(sFrps)appear to have Wnt-dependent and Wnt-independent roles in the injured heart.Thus,while the exact functions of Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity in response to injury still need to be elucidated in the non-regenerating mammalian heart,but also in regenerating lower vertebrates,manipulation of the pathway is essential for creation of therapeutically useful cardiomyocytes from stem cells in culture.Hopefully,a detailed understanding of the in vivo role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in injured mammalian and non-mammalian hearts will a
文摘目的探讨s FRP、WIF-1、CD133、CD44在食管癌中的表达与临床病理特征之间的关系,为食管癌的研究提供新思路。方法选取2013年1月-2013年8月经手术切除的食管癌标本40例,术后病理均证实为食管癌患者,采用RT-PCR方法分析s FRP(分泌型卷曲相关蛋白)、WIF-1(Wnt抑制因子-1)、CD133(白细胞分化抗原分化群第133号)、CD44(白细胞分化抗原分化群第44号)的表达情况,应用SPSS 14.0统计软件进行数据分析,采用χ2检验统计方法。结果 s FRP、WIF-1、CD44、CD133基因在食管癌组织阳性表达率为32.50%,42.50%,60.00%,72.50%,在癌旁组织阳性表达率为65.00%,70.00%,37.50%,47.50%。CD44、CD133基因在食管癌组织中表达水平高于癌旁组织(P<0.05),s FRP、WIF-1基因则在食管癌组织中表达水平低于癌旁组织(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。结论 s FRP、WIF-1在食管癌组织中表达低于癌旁组织,CD44、CD133在食管癌组织中表达高于癌旁组织。s FRP、WIF-1基因低表达及CD44、CD133基因高表达可能与食管癌的发生、发展有关。
文摘Wnts are a highly conserved family of Upid-modified glycoproteins that work as morphogens to activate several signaling pathways, leading to remodeling of the cytoskeleton and the regulation of gene transcription. Wnt signaling regulates multiple cellular functions and cell systems, including the development and maintenance of midbrain dopaminergic （m DA） neurons. These neurons are of consid- erable interest for regenerative medicine because their degeneration results in Parkinson＇s disease （PD）. This review focuses on new advances in understanding key functions of Wnts in mDA neuron development and using novel tools to regulate Wnt signaling in re- generative medicine for PD. Particularly, recent reports indicate that appropriate levels of Wnt signaling are essential to improve the quantity and quality of stem ceil- or reprogrammed ceU-derived mDA neurons to be used in drug discovery and cell replacement therapy for PD.
文摘脂联素（adiponectin,ADPN）是一种抗炎脂肪因子,且其具有改善胰岛素抵抗及抗动脉粥样硬化等作用。分泌型卷曲相关蛋白-5（Secreted frizzled-related protein 5,SFRP5）被证实是继脂联素之后的又一抗炎脂肪因子,其可能通过炎症反应参与肥胖及糖尿病等代谢性疾病的发生[1]。目前,关于SFRP5与糖尿病微血管病变的研究少见报道。本研究通过测定糖尿病患者血清SFRP5、ADPN水平变化,探讨2型糖尿病患者血清SFRP5和ADPN水平与UAER的相关性及血清SFRP5和ADPN水平是否可以作为糖尿病肾病早期预测指标。
