Viral infections have haunted humankind since times immemorial.Overpopulation,globalization,and extensive deforestation have created an ideal environment for a viral spread with unknown and multiple shedding routes.Ma...Viral infections have haunted humankind since times immemorial.Overpopulation,globalization,and extensive deforestation have created an ideal environment for a viral spread with unknown and multiple shedding routes.Many viruses can infect the male reproductive tract,with potential adverse consequences to male reproductive health,including infertility and cancer.Moreover,some genital tract viral infections can be sexually transmitted,potentially impacting the resulting offspring's health.We have summarized the evidence concerning the presence and adverse effects of the relevant viruses on the reproductive tract(mumps virus,human immunodeficiency virus,herpes virus,human papillomavirus,hepatitis B and C viruses,Ebola virus,Zika virus,influenza virus,and coronaviruses),their routes of infection,target organs and cells,prevalence and pattern of virus shedding in semen,as well as diagnosis/testing and treatment strategies.The pathophysiological understanding in the male genital tract is essential to assess its clinical impact on male reproductive health and guide future research.展开更多
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)receptor,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2),has been identified in the human testis,but the risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through sexual intercour...The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)receptor,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2),has been identified in the human testis,but the risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through sexual intercourse still needs to be defined.The goal of our study was to determine if SARS-CoV-2 is detectable in the semen of patients suffering or recovering from coronavirus disease-19(COVID-19),still testing positive at nasopharyngeal swabs but showing mild or no symptoms at the time of sampling.Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in semen was performed by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and nested PCR targeting open reading frame(ORF)1ab.Medical history of the enrolled patients was taken,including COVID-19-correlated symptoms,both at the time of diagnosis and at the time of interview.Results of real-time RT-PCR and nested PCR in semen showed no evidence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the 36 patients suffering or recovering from COVID-19 but still positive in a nasopharyngeal swab,from over 116 patients enrolled in the study.SARS-CoV-2 detection and persistence in semen would have an impact on both clinical practice and public health strategies,but our results would suggest that SARS-CoV-2 is not present in the semen of men recovering from COVID-19.展开更多
Subgroup J avian leukosis virus(ALV-J) is a highly oncogenic retrovirus that has been devastating the global poultry industry since the late 1990s. The major infection model of ALV-J is vertical transmission, which is...Subgroup J avian leukosis virus(ALV-J) is a highly oncogenic retrovirus that has been devastating the global poultry industry since the late 1990s. The major infection model of ALV-J is vertical transmission, which is responsible for the congenital infection of progeny from generation to generation. Increasing evidence has suggested that extracellular vesicles(EVs) derived from virus-infected cells or biological fluids have been thought to be vehicles of transmission for viruses. However, the role of EVs in infection and transmission of ALV-J remains obscure. In the present study, semen extracellular vesicles(SE) were isolated and purified from ALV-J-infected rooster seminal plasma(SE-ALV-J), which was shown to contain ALV-J genomic RNA and partial viral proteins, as determined by RNA sequencing, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and Western blotting. Furthermore, SE-ALV-J was proved to be able to transmit ALV-J infection to host cells and establish productive infection.More importantly, artificial insemination experiments showed that SE-ALV-J transmitted ALV-J infection to SPF hens, and subsequently mediated vertical transmission of ALV-J from the SPF hens to the progeny chicks. Taken together, the results of the present study suggested that ALV-J utilized host semen extracellular vesicles as a novel means for vertical transmission, enhancing our understanding on mechanisms underlying ALV-J transmission.展开更多
文摘Viral infections have haunted humankind since times immemorial.Overpopulation,globalization,and extensive deforestation have created an ideal environment for a viral spread with unknown and multiple shedding routes.Many viruses can infect the male reproductive tract,with potential adverse consequences to male reproductive health,including infertility and cancer.Moreover,some genital tract viral infections can be sexually transmitted,potentially impacting the resulting offspring's health.We have summarized the evidence concerning the presence and adverse effects of the relevant viruses on the reproductive tract(mumps virus,human immunodeficiency virus,herpes virus,human papillomavirus,hepatitis B and C viruses,Ebola virus,Zika virus,influenza virus,and coronaviruses),their routes of infection,target organs and cells,prevalence and pattern of virus shedding in semen,as well as diagnosis/testing and treatment strategies.The pathophysiological understanding in the male genital tract is essential to assess its clinical impact on male reproductive health and guide future research.
文摘The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2)receptor,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2),has been identified in the human testis,but the risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through sexual intercourse still needs to be defined.The goal of our study was to determine if SARS-CoV-2 is detectable in the semen of patients suffering or recovering from coronavirus disease-19(COVID-19),still testing positive at nasopharyngeal swabs but showing mild or no symptoms at the time of sampling.Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in semen was performed by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and nested PCR targeting open reading frame(ORF)1ab.Medical history of the enrolled patients was taken,including COVID-19-correlated symptoms,both at the time of diagnosis and at the time of interview.Results of real-time RT-PCR and nested PCR in semen showed no evidence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the 36 patients suffering or recovering from COVID-19 but still positive in a nasopharyngeal swab,from over 116 patients enrolled in the study.SARS-CoV-2 detection and persistence in semen would have an impact on both clinical practice and public health strategies,but our results would suggest that SARS-CoV-2 is not present in the semen of men recovering from COVID-19.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province (2020B020222001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 31972659, 31902252, 31672564, 31602053)+5 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2019A1515012006)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2018B030315009)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2019M652922)the Special Project of National Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System (CARS-41)the Chief expert Project of Agricultural Industry Technology system in Guangdong Province (2019KJ128)the support of Instrumental Anlysis&Research Center of South China Agriculture University。
文摘Subgroup J avian leukosis virus(ALV-J) is a highly oncogenic retrovirus that has been devastating the global poultry industry since the late 1990s. The major infection model of ALV-J is vertical transmission, which is responsible for the congenital infection of progeny from generation to generation. Increasing evidence has suggested that extracellular vesicles(EVs) derived from virus-infected cells or biological fluids have been thought to be vehicles of transmission for viruses. However, the role of EVs in infection and transmission of ALV-J remains obscure. In the present study, semen extracellular vesicles(SE) were isolated and purified from ALV-J-infected rooster seminal plasma(SE-ALV-J), which was shown to contain ALV-J genomic RNA and partial viral proteins, as determined by RNA sequencing, reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and Western blotting. Furthermore, SE-ALV-J was proved to be able to transmit ALV-J infection to host cells and establish productive infection.More importantly, artificial insemination experiments showed that SE-ALV-J transmitted ALV-J infection to SPF hens, and subsequently mediated vertical transmission of ALV-J from the SPF hens to the progeny chicks. Taken together, the results of the present study suggested that ALV-J utilized host semen extracellular vesicles as a novel means for vertical transmission, enhancing our understanding on mechanisms underlying ALV-J transmission.
