收集具有代表性的吉林省不同熟期的粳稻种质资源共60份,采用培养皿发芽方法,在盐胁迫(120 m M NaCl,pH=6.98)和碱胁迫(30 m M Na_2CO_3,pH=11.05)条件下培养,并测定发芽势、发芽率、芽长、根长和根数等生长指标,利用隶属度对水稻种质萌...收集具有代表性的吉林省不同熟期的粳稻种质资源共60份,采用培养皿发芽方法,在盐胁迫(120 m M NaCl,pH=6.98)和碱胁迫(30 m M Na_2CO_3,pH=11.05)条件下培养,并测定发芽势、发芽率、芽长、根长和根数等生长指标,利用隶属度对水稻种质萌发期耐盐碱性进行综合评价,为未来盐碱地水稻直播及抗逆育种提供抗逆种质资源。结果表明,水稻萌发期耐盐性和耐碱性呈极显著正相关(r=0.728**),但品种间存在差异。相对芽长和相对根长分别与抗盐隶属度(r_(芽长)=0.862**,r_(根长)=0.781**)和抗碱隶属度(r_(芽长)=0.757**,r_(根长)=0.812**)呈极显著正相关,可作为水稻萌发期耐盐碱性快速筛选的重要指标。利用抗逆隶属度指标将耐盐性和耐碱性划分成高抗(HT)、中抗(MT)、低抗(T)、敏感(S)、中度敏感(MS)和高度敏感(HS)共6个等级,初步筛选出耐盐且耐碱的品种主要有长白21号(HT/HT)、通禾835(HT/HT)、吉玉粳(HT/HT)、长白10号(HT/MT)、吉粘6号(MT/HT)、吉粘10号(MT/MT)、吉粳507(MT/MT)、吉粳509(MT/MT)、吉粳806(MT/MT)和东稻4号(MT/MT);耐盐不耐碱的品种有通禾99(HT/S)、通禾837(MT/S);耐碱不耐盐的品种有吉粳105(MT/S)、吉农大828(MT/S);不耐盐也不耐碱的品种有九稻51号(HS/HS)、吉农大888(HS/HS)和通禾834(HS/MS)等。同时发现,与晚熟或中晚熟品种相比,吉林省中早熟或中熟水稻品种表现出更好的耐盐碱性特征,这对今后水稻耐盐碱育种亲本资源选择具有重要的参考价值。展开更多
Salinity-alkalinity is incipient abiotic stress that impairs plant growth and development.Rice(Oryza sativa)is a major food crop greatly affected by soil salinity and alkalinity,requiring tolerant varieties in the sal...Salinity-alkalinity is incipient abiotic stress that impairs plant growth and development.Rice(Oryza sativa)is a major food crop greatly affected by soil salinity and alkalinity,requiring tolerant varieties in the saline-alkali prone areas.Understanding the molecular and physiological mechanisms of saline-alkali tolerance paves the base for improving saline-alkali tolerance in rice and leads to progress in breeding.This review illustrated the physiological consequences,and molecular mechanisms especially signaling and function of regulating genes for saline-alkali tolerance in rice plants.We also discussed QTLs regarding saline-alkali tolerance accordingly and ways of deployment for improvement.More efforts are needed to identify and utilize the identified QTLs for saline-alkali tolerance in rice.展开更多
文摘收集具有代表性的吉林省不同熟期的粳稻种质资源共60份,采用培养皿发芽方法,在盐胁迫(120 m M NaCl,pH=6.98)和碱胁迫(30 m M Na_2CO_3,pH=11.05)条件下培养,并测定发芽势、发芽率、芽长、根长和根数等生长指标,利用隶属度对水稻种质萌发期耐盐碱性进行综合评价,为未来盐碱地水稻直播及抗逆育种提供抗逆种质资源。结果表明,水稻萌发期耐盐性和耐碱性呈极显著正相关(r=0.728**),但品种间存在差异。相对芽长和相对根长分别与抗盐隶属度(r_(芽长)=0.862**,r_(根长)=0.781**)和抗碱隶属度(r_(芽长)=0.757**,r_(根长)=0.812**)呈极显著正相关,可作为水稻萌发期耐盐碱性快速筛选的重要指标。利用抗逆隶属度指标将耐盐性和耐碱性划分成高抗(HT)、中抗(MT)、低抗(T)、敏感(S)、中度敏感(MS)和高度敏感(HS)共6个等级,初步筛选出耐盐且耐碱的品种主要有长白21号(HT/HT)、通禾835(HT/HT)、吉玉粳(HT/HT)、长白10号(HT/MT)、吉粘6号(MT/HT)、吉粘10号(MT/MT)、吉粳507(MT/MT)、吉粳509(MT/MT)、吉粳806(MT/MT)和东稻4号(MT/MT);耐盐不耐碱的品种有通禾99(HT/S)、通禾837(MT/S);耐碱不耐盐的品种有吉粳105(MT/S)、吉农大828(MT/S);不耐盐也不耐碱的品种有九稻51号(HS/HS)、吉农大888(HS/HS)和通禾834(HS/MS)等。同时发现,与晚熟或中晚熟品种相比,吉林省中早熟或中熟水稻品种表现出更好的耐盐碱性特征,这对今后水稻耐盐碱育种亲本资源选择具有重要的参考价值。
基金funded by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.2020B020219004)the Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab(Grant No.B21HJ0216)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program and the Cooperation and Innovation Mission,China(Grant No.CAAS-ZDXT202001)。
文摘Salinity-alkalinity is incipient abiotic stress that impairs plant growth and development.Rice(Oryza sativa)is a major food crop greatly affected by soil salinity and alkalinity,requiring tolerant varieties in the saline-alkali prone areas.Understanding the molecular and physiological mechanisms of saline-alkali tolerance paves the base for improving saline-alkali tolerance in rice and leads to progress in breeding.This review illustrated the physiological consequences,and molecular mechanisms especially signaling and function of regulating genes for saline-alkali tolerance in rice plants.We also discussed QTLs regarding saline-alkali tolerance accordingly and ways of deployment for improvement.More efforts are needed to identify and utilize the identified QTLs for saline-alkali tolerance in rice.
