The area along the Grear Wall in northern Shaanxi between the Loess Plateau and the Ordos Desert is one of the major agrarian-pastoral regions of northwest China. Historically, the land was fought over by the nomadic ...The area along the Grear Wall in northern Shaanxi between the Loess Plateau and the Ordos Desert is one of the major agrarian-pastoral regions of northwest China. Historically, the land was fought over by the nomadic and the agrarian peoples of the region. The Yansui section of the Ming Great Wall and thirty-nine fortified encampments along it were built during fighting between the Mongols and the Han people. As all of them were located along communication lines vital to economic development, they played an important role in politics, the economy and transport over three hundred years of Ming and Qing rule. However, they fell into disuse in the late Qing and the Republican period and are now in ruins. The main reason underlying their decline was that the sites had been chosen for their defensive value, so the subsequent northern expansion of China’s borders and structural changes in the border economy hastened their decline. Thus the rise and fall of these fortified towns at the intersection of the agrarian and the pastoral regions was closely related to imperial political and military activity and was in line with ethnic and tribal movements and migrations and the evolution of civilizations. In sum, the reasons behind the demise of these fortified towns and camps were highly complex and usually involved multiple factors.展开更多
The current location of Peking University used to be the campus of Yenching University which was called Yan Yuan. It is situated in the northwestern suburb of Beijing, neighboring the well-known Qing-Dynasty imperial ...The current location of Peking University used to be the campus of Yenching University which was called Yan Yuan. It is situated in the northwestern suburb of Beijing, neighboring the well-known Qing-Dynasty imperial resorts "Summer Palace" and "Fragrant Hill" and the celebrated Tsinghua University.With the naturally endowed landscape, the northwest of Beijing became famous as ideal scenic resorts as early as 800 years ago. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, a cluster of imperial and private gardens were built on the site of展开更多
Feidu,a novel by Jia Pingwa,which is regarded as one of the most controversial fiction in China since 1993,has recently come back to the attention of the public in China because of the publication of its English versi...Feidu,a novel by Jia Pingwa,which is regarded as one of the most controversial fiction in China since 1993,has recently come back to the attention of the public in China because of the publication of its English version Ruined City:A Novel in 2016 in the US.The present paper intends to investigate the different receptions of the novel in China and in countries,like Japan,France,and America.Special attention is given to its translation,promotion,and reception in America on the basis of analyses of the para-texts of the English version,such as the preface of the translator,the promotional words on the part of the American publisher,the endorsement of literary scholars both at home and abroad,and the comments on it by critics.It is found that:(1)The novel was enthusiastically accepted and highly acclaimed in France and Japan,which constitutes a sharp contrast with its reception among Chinese readers and scholars;(2)it got a chance to be translated into English and promoted to the readership 23 years after its publication owing to the efforts of“different agents”,among whom were the translator,the editor,the publisher and many influential scholars both at home and abroad;(3)Goldblatt,rather than others,was finally chosen as the translator of the book on account of the cultural,social,symbolic,and economic capitals he possesses;and(4)the state-sponsored English translation and publication of the book in America was part of China’s effort of introducing its contemporary literature outside China.However,in its consecration in the dominant field of world literature,the novel met with obstacles,and its reception not very satisfactory.The authors of the present paper draw on sociological perspectives proposed by Pierre Bourdieu for an explanatory account of the phenomenon.In addition,Actor-Network Translation Studies(ANTS),a sociological framework for translation research proposed by Jonathan Stalling,is also introduced,and its important concepts turn out to have such explanatory power as to give us to a better under展开更多
In the spring of 2003, the Zhouyuan Archaeological Team excavated a batch of Western Zhou tombs and a late Western Zhou bronze foundery on the Zhouyuan site, to the west of Zhuangli Village. Of them Tomb M9 is the bes...In the spring of 2003, the Zhouyuan Archaeological Team excavated a batch of Western Zhou tombs and a late Western Zhou bronze foundery on the Zhouyuan site, to the west of Zhuangli Village. Of them Tomb M9 is the best in condition and the richest in bronzes among the early Western Zhou burials discovered so far on the Zhouyuan site. Its complete sets of funeral objects provide a standard for studying into the formation of Western Zhou ritual and the dating of early Western Zhou bronzes. The ruined bronze foundry yielded quantities of pottery molds and models, fragments of furnace walls, and lumps of bronze, slag and burnt clay. The pottery molds and models are mainly for making horse-and-chariot fittings. The finds are valuable to the study of the Western Zhou burial institution, Zhou bronze-casting technology, and the layout of the Zhouyuan settlement.展开更多
This site lies in the southwest of the eastern Zheng-and-Han city ruins and occupies an area of 22,000 sq m. It was completely excavated in 1996- 1998, which resulted in the discovery of 8 Erligang period, 52 Western ...This site lies in the southwest of the eastern Zheng-and-Han city ruins and occupies an area of 22,000 sq m. It was completely excavated in 1996- 1998, which resulted in the discovery of 8 Erligang period, 52 Western Zhou and 731 Eastern Zhou ash-pits, 98 Western Zhou Wells, 17 burial pits of bronze ritual vessels and musical instruments and 45 horse burial pits of the Spring and Autumn period, 3 Warring States period mold-making kilns, 9 Zhou and Han fireplaces, and 152 tombs of the above periods. The present paper reports the No. 2 bronze burial pit, No. 14 chime-bells pit and Nos. 14 and 40 horse pits. They yielded, for ritual vessels, nine ding tripods, 8 gui food containers and 9 li tripods, as well as articles of the square pot, round pot, dou stemmed bowl, jian basin and other types; and, for musical instruments, 2 sets of 10-piece niuzhong semicircalar-handled bells and 1 four-piece set of bozhong large bells. In character, the site must be the remains of sacrificial ceremonies to the god of the land and the god of grain, the conductor of which must have been the ruler of the Zheng State. Its discovery is of great importance not only to the study of the layout of Zhen-and-Han city, the location of ancestral temples in it, and the periodization, dating and casting techniques of its bronzes, but also to inquiry into the ritual and the institutions of using animal victims and ding tripods in the Zhou period.展开更多
文摘The area along the Grear Wall in northern Shaanxi between the Loess Plateau and the Ordos Desert is one of the major agrarian-pastoral regions of northwest China. Historically, the land was fought over by the nomadic and the agrarian peoples of the region. The Yansui section of the Ming Great Wall and thirty-nine fortified encampments along it were built during fighting between the Mongols and the Han people. As all of them were located along communication lines vital to economic development, they played an important role in politics, the economy and transport over three hundred years of Ming and Qing rule. However, they fell into disuse in the late Qing and the Republican period and are now in ruins. The main reason underlying their decline was that the sites had been chosen for their defensive value, so the subsequent northern expansion of China’s borders and structural changes in the border economy hastened their decline. Thus the rise and fall of these fortified towns at the intersection of the agrarian and the pastoral regions was closely related to imperial political and military activity and was in line with ethnic and tribal movements and migrations and the evolution of civilizations. In sum, the reasons behind the demise of these fortified towns and camps were highly complex and usually involved multiple factors.
文摘The current location of Peking University used to be the campus of Yenching University which was called Yan Yuan. It is situated in the northwestern suburb of Beijing, neighboring the well-known Qing-Dynasty imperial resorts "Summer Palace" and "Fragrant Hill" and the celebrated Tsinghua University.With the naturally endowed landscape, the northwest of Beijing became famous as ideal scenic resorts as early as 800 years ago. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, a cluster of imperial and private gardens were built on the site of
文摘Feidu,a novel by Jia Pingwa,which is regarded as one of the most controversial fiction in China since 1993,has recently come back to the attention of the public in China because of the publication of its English version Ruined City:A Novel in 2016 in the US.The present paper intends to investigate the different receptions of the novel in China and in countries,like Japan,France,and America.Special attention is given to its translation,promotion,and reception in America on the basis of analyses of the para-texts of the English version,such as the preface of the translator,the promotional words on the part of the American publisher,the endorsement of literary scholars both at home and abroad,and the comments on it by critics.It is found that:(1)The novel was enthusiastically accepted and highly acclaimed in France and Japan,which constitutes a sharp contrast with its reception among Chinese readers and scholars;(2)it got a chance to be translated into English and promoted to the readership 23 years after its publication owing to the efforts of“different agents”,among whom were the translator,the editor,the publisher and many influential scholars both at home and abroad;(3)Goldblatt,rather than others,was finally chosen as the translator of the book on account of the cultural,social,symbolic,and economic capitals he possesses;and(4)the state-sponsored English translation and publication of the book in America was part of China’s effort of introducing its contemporary literature outside China.However,in its consecration in the dominant field of world literature,the novel met with obstacles,and its reception not very satisfactory.The authors of the present paper draw on sociological perspectives proposed by Pierre Bourdieu for an explanatory account of the phenomenon.In addition,Actor-Network Translation Studies(ANTS),a sociological framework for translation research proposed by Jonathan Stalling,is also introduced,and its important concepts turn out to have such explanatory power as to give us to a better under
文摘In the spring of 2003, the Zhouyuan Archaeological Team excavated a batch of Western Zhou tombs and a late Western Zhou bronze foundery on the Zhouyuan site, to the west of Zhuangli Village. Of them Tomb M9 is the best in condition and the richest in bronzes among the early Western Zhou burials discovered so far on the Zhouyuan site. Its complete sets of funeral objects provide a standard for studying into the formation of Western Zhou ritual and the dating of early Western Zhou bronzes. The ruined bronze foundry yielded quantities of pottery molds and models, fragments of furnace walls, and lumps of bronze, slag and burnt clay. The pottery molds and models are mainly for making horse-and-chariot fittings. The finds are valuable to the study of the Western Zhou burial institution, Zhou bronze-casting technology, and the layout of the Zhouyuan settlement.
文摘This site lies in the southwest of the eastern Zheng-and-Han city ruins and occupies an area of 22,000 sq m. It was completely excavated in 1996- 1998, which resulted in the discovery of 8 Erligang period, 52 Western Zhou and 731 Eastern Zhou ash-pits, 98 Western Zhou Wells, 17 burial pits of bronze ritual vessels and musical instruments and 45 horse burial pits of the Spring and Autumn period, 3 Warring States period mold-making kilns, 9 Zhou and Han fireplaces, and 152 tombs of the above periods. The present paper reports the No. 2 bronze burial pit, No. 14 chime-bells pit and Nos. 14 and 40 horse pits. They yielded, for ritual vessels, nine ding tripods, 8 gui food containers and 9 li tripods, as well as articles of the square pot, round pot, dou stemmed bowl, jian basin and other types; and, for musical instruments, 2 sets of 10-piece niuzhong semicircalar-handled bells and 1 four-piece set of bozhong large bells. In character, the site must be the remains of sacrificial ceremonies to the god of the land and the god of grain, the conductor of which must have been the ruler of the Zheng State. Its discovery is of great importance not only to the study of the layout of Zhen-and-Han city, the location of ancestral temples in it, and the periodization, dating and casting techniques of its bronzes, but also to inquiry into the ritual and the institutions of using animal victims and ding tripods in the Zhou period.
