Traffic intersections are incredibly dangerous for drivers and pedestrians. Statistics from both Canada and the U.S. show a high number of fatalities and serious injuries related to crashes at intersections. In Canada...Traffic intersections are incredibly dangerous for drivers and pedestrians. Statistics from both Canada and the U.S. show a high number of fatalities and serious injuries related to crashes at intersections. In Canada, during 2019, the National Collision Database shows that 28% of traffic fatalities and 42% of serious injuries occurred at intersections. Likewise, the U.S. National Highway Traffic Administration (NHTSA) found that about 40% of the estimated 5,811,000 accidents in the U.S. during the year studied were intersection-related crashes. In fact, a major survey by the car insurance industry found that nearly 85% of drivers could not identify the correct action to take when approaching a yellow traffic light at an intersection. One major reason for these accidents is the “yellow light dilemma,” the ambiguous situation where a driver should stop or proceed forward when unexpectedly faced with a yellow light. This situation is even further exacerbated by the tendency of aggressive drivers to inappropriately speed up on the yellow just to get through the traffic light. A survey of Canadian drivers conducted by the Traffic Injury Research Foundation found that 9% of drivers admitted to speeding up to get through a traffic light. Another reason for these accidents is the increased danger of making a left-hand turn on yellow. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Association (NHTSA), left turns occur in approximately 22.2% of collisions—as opposed to just 1.2% for right turns. Moreover, a study by CNN found left turns are three times as likely to kill pedestrians than right turns. The reason left turns are so much more likely to cause an accident is because they take a driver against traffic and in the path of oncoming cars. Additionally, most of these left turns occur at the driver’s discretion—as opposed to the distressingly brief left-hand arrow at busy intersections. Drive Safe Now proposes a workable solution for reducing the number of accidents occurring during a yellow light at inters展开更多
Objective： To compare fatalities and injuries in road traffic crashes （RTC） in Iran with other countries. Methods： Data were obtained from national health sources of Iran. These data included population number, r...Objective： To compare fatalities and injuries in road traffic crashes （RTC） in Iran with other countries. Methods： Data were obtained from national health sources of Iran. These data included population number, registered motor-vehicles number, number of RTCs and consequent fatalities and injuries from 1997 to 2006. Results： RTC fatality and injury rates increased from 1997 to 2005, but decreased in 2006. The overall men/women ratio in the RTC fatalities was 4.2：1. High RTC fatality rate of 39 per 100 000 population in Iran was almost the same as some other developing countries. In Iran, RTC fatalities in recent years were almost twice as much as the highest rate among the European countries. Conclusions： This investigation shows that in spite of reduction of RTC fatality in Iran in 2006, it is still one of the highest in the world. Moreover, this paper describes the state of RTC-related parameters in a developing country in comparison with the developed countries.展开更多
目的分析1990―2019年中国人群道路交通伤害(road traffic injuries,RTIs)的疾病负担及变化趋势,为中国RTIs防控提出参考依据。方法利用2019年全球疾病负担(Global Burden of Disease 2019,GBD 2019)数据库,选取中国1990―2019年RTIs的...目的分析1990―2019年中国人群道路交通伤害(road traffic injuries,RTIs)的疾病负担及变化趋势,为中国RTIs防控提出参考依据。方法利用2019年全球疾病负担(Global Burden of Disease 2019,GBD 2019)数据库,选取中国1990―2019年RTIs的死亡数、死亡率、伤残调整生命年(disability adjusted of life years,DALYs)、伤残损失寿命年(years lost due to disability,YLDs)、过早死亡损失寿命年(years of life lost,YLLs)、平均年度变化百分比(average annual percentage change,AAPC)、DALYs率、YLDs率、YLLs率等指标,利用Joinpoint模型分析1990―2019年中国人群RTIs的疾病负担及变化趋势。结果1990―2019年中国人群RTIs的死亡率(AAPC=-0.47%,P<0.001)、DALYs率(AAPC=-0.87%,P<0.001)、YLL率(AAPC=-1.47%,P<0.001)呈先升后降的趋势,YLDs率(AAPC=2.85%,P<0.001)则逐年增加。2019年中国人群RTIs死亡数为25.00万人,因RTIs造成的YLL占DALY的81.64%;男性的死亡数(率)、YLL数(率)为女性的3倍,YLD数、YLDs率亦高于女性。中国RTIs的死亡率、DALYs率以及YLLs率在0~14岁儿童均有所减轻。老年群体中死亡率、YLLs率在<65岁人群中呈下降趋势,DALYs率以60岁为界,在老年人口中呈上升趋势,YLDs率在各年龄段呈上升趋势。结论1990―2019年中国人群RTIs疾病负担总体呈下降趋势,但仍然面临着总体疾病负担较高、老年群体疾病负担加重、男性疾病负担远高于女性等问题,需进一步加强对RTIs的防治措施。展开更多
To analyze the epidemiological conditions and characteristics of inpatients with traffic trauma in order to provide objective data for basic research and clinical application of traffic trauma. Methods： The data of ...To analyze the epidemiological conditions and characteristics of inpatients with traffic trauma in order to provide objective data for basic research and clinical application of traffic trauma. Methods： The data of 2213 inpatients with traffic trauma admitted to Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo Medical Centre, Ningbo, China, from January 2003 to September 2005 were studied retrospectively. According to the transportation ways, the patients were divided into four groups： pedestrians, bicyclists, motorcyclists, and automobilists. And the data of injured regions, combined injuries and causes of death were analyzed statistically. Results： Among the 2213 patients, there were 550 pedestrians （ 23. 5 %）, 521 bicyclists （24. 9%）, 738 motorcyclists （33.3%）, and 404 automobilists （18.3%）, Male patients were more than female ones, with the ratio of male to female of 2.8：1. Single region injury was found in 1663 patients （75.15%） and multiple injuries in 550 patients （24.85 % ）. In total, 2849 regions were injured. Fracture of extremities （53.3%） occurred most often, craniocerebral tranma （19. 4% ） next, then followed in turn by fracture visceral injury （6.56%）, spine （5.37 % ）, fracture of ribs （4.88 % ）, and pelvic fracture （4.18%）. The percentage of multiple injuries （33.2%） was highest and the percentage of thoracoabdominal injury （18.0%） was higher in motorcyclists. The percentages of craniocerebral trauma in pedestrians and bicyclists were 27.8 % and 28.2 %, respectively. The incidence of fracture of extremities in motorcyclists reached 73.8%, but with the lowest case-fatality ratio of 1.4%. The incidence of traffic accidents caused by motorcyclists themselves （32.8%） was highest. A total of 56 patients died, with the case-fatality ratio of 2.53%. Among the deaths, 47 died from craniocerebral injury, 6 from multiple fractures combined with hemorrhagic shock, 2 from combined injury in the thoraco-abdominal region, and 1 from cervical cord injury. Concinsions展开更多
文摘Traffic intersections are incredibly dangerous for drivers and pedestrians. Statistics from both Canada and the U.S. show a high number of fatalities and serious injuries related to crashes at intersections. In Canada, during 2019, the National Collision Database shows that 28% of traffic fatalities and 42% of serious injuries occurred at intersections. Likewise, the U.S. National Highway Traffic Administration (NHTSA) found that about 40% of the estimated 5,811,000 accidents in the U.S. during the year studied were intersection-related crashes. In fact, a major survey by the car insurance industry found that nearly 85% of drivers could not identify the correct action to take when approaching a yellow traffic light at an intersection. One major reason for these accidents is the “yellow light dilemma,” the ambiguous situation where a driver should stop or proceed forward when unexpectedly faced with a yellow light. This situation is even further exacerbated by the tendency of aggressive drivers to inappropriately speed up on the yellow just to get through the traffic light. A survey of Canadian drivers conducted by the Traffic Injury Research Foundation found that 9% of drivers admitted to speeding up to get through a traffic light. Another reason for these accidents is the increased danger of making a left-hand turn on yellow. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Association (NHTSA), left turns occur in approximately 22.2% of collisions—as opposed to just 1.2% for right turns. Moreover, a study by CNN found left turns are three times as likely to kill pedestrians than right turns. The reason left turns are so much more likely to cause an accident is because they take a driver against traffic and in the path of oncoming cars. Additionally, most of these left turns occur at the driver’s discretion—as opposed to the distressingly brief left-hand arrow at busy intersections. Drive Safe Now proposes a workable solution for reducing the number of accidents occurring during a yellow light at inters
文摘Objective： To compare fatalities and injuries in road traffic crashes （RTC） in Iran with other countries. Methods： Data were obtained from national health sources of Iran. These data included population number, registered motor-vehicles number, number of RTCs and consequent fatalities and injuries from 1997 to 2006. Results： RTC fatality and injury rates increased from 1997 to 2005, but decreased in 2006. The overall men/women ratio in the RTC fatalities was 4.2：1. High RTC fatality rate of 39 per 100 000 population in Iran was almost the same as some other developing countries. In Iran, RTC fatalities in recent years were almost twice as much as the highest rate among the European countries. Conclusions： This investigation shows that in spite of reduction of RTC fatality in Iran in 2006, it is still one of the highest in the world. Moreover, this paper describes the state of RTC-related parameters in a developing country in comparison with the developed countries.
文摘目的分析1990―2019年中国人群道路交通伤害(road traffic injuries,RTIs)的疾病负担及变化趋势,为中国RTIs防控提出参考依据。方法利用2019年全球疾病负担(Global Burden of Disease 2019,GBD 2019)数据库,选取中国1990―2019年RTIs的死亡数、死亡率、伤残调整生命年(disability adjusted of life years,DALYs)、伤残损失寿命年(years lost due to disability,YLDs)、过早死亡损失寿命年(years of life lost,YLLs)、平均年度变化百分比(average annual percentage change,AAPC)、DALYs率、YLDs率、YLLs率等指标,利用Joinpoint模型分析1990―2019年中国人群RTIs的疾病负担及变化趋势。结果1990―2019年中国人群RTIs的死亡率(AAPC=-0.47%,P<0.001)、DALYs率(AAPC=-0.87%,P<0.001)、YLL率(AAPC=-1.47%,P<0.001)呈先升后降的趋势,YLDs率(AAPC=2.85%,P<0.001)则逐年增加。2019年中国人群RTIs死亡数为25.00万人,因RTIs造成的YLL占DALY的81.64%;男性的死亡数(率)、YLL数(率)为女性的3倍,YLD数、YLDs率亦高于女性。中国RTIs的死亡率、DALYs率以及YLLs率在0~14岁儿童均有所减轻。老年群体中死亡率、YLLs率在<65岁人群中呈下降趋势,DALYs率以60岁为界,在老年人口中呈上升趋势,YLDs率在各年龄段呈上升趋势。结论1990―2019年中国人群RTIs疾病负担总体呈下降趋势,但仍然面临着总体疾病负担较高、老年群体疾病负担加重、男性疾病负担远高于女性等问题,需进一步加强对RTIs的防治措施。
文摘To analyze the epidemiological conditions and characteristics of inpatients with traffic trauma in order to provide objective data for basic research and clinical application of traffic trauma. Methods： The data of 2213 inpatients with traffic trauma admitted to Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo Medical Centre, Ningbo, China, from January 2003 to September 2005 were studied retrospectively. According to the transportation ways, the patients were divided into four groups： pedestrians, bicyclists, motorcyclists, and automobilists. And the data of injured regions, combined injuries and causes of death were analyzed statistically. Results： Among the 2213 patients, there were 550 pedestrians （ 23. 5 %）, 521 bicyclists （24. 9%）, 738 motorcyclists （33.3%）, and 404 automobilists （18.3%）, Male patients were more than female ones, with the ratio of male to female of 2.8：1. Single region injury was found in 1663 patients （75.15%） and multiple injuries in 550 patients （24.85 % ）. In total, 2849 regions were injured. Fracture of extremities （53.3%） occurred most often, craniocerebral tranma （19. 4% ） next, then followed in turn by fracture visceral injury （6.56%）, spine （5.37 % ）, fracture of ribs （4.88 % ）, and pelvic fracture （4.18%）. The percentage of multiple injuries （33.2%） was highest and the percentage of thoracoabdominal injury （18.0%） was higher in motorcyclists. The percentages of craniocerebral trauma in pedestrians and bicyclists were 27.8 % and 28.2 %, respectively. The incidence of fracture of extremities in motorcyclists reached 73.8%, but with the lowest case-fatality ratio of 1.4%. The incidence of traffic accidents caused by motorcyclists themselves （32.8%） was highest. A total of 56 patients died, with the case-fatality ratio of 2.53%. Among the deaths, 47 died from craniocerebral injury, 6 from multiple fractures combined with hemorrhagic shock, 2 from combined injury in the thoraco-abdominal region, and 1 from cervical cord injury. Concinsions
