The skin tissue has the largest area in the human body and functions as both a barrier and a defender.As such,it tends to be the first tissue to be damaged.Advances in medical technology provide prospects as well as s...The skin tissue has the largest area in the human body and functions as both a barrier and a defender.As such,it tends to be the first tissue to be damaged.Advances in medical technology provide prospects as well as side effects,for example,radiation therapy for cancer.With increasing cancer morbidity and radiation widely applied for cancer therapy,radiation-induced skin injury(RSI)has become a serious concern.In recent decades,research efforts have focused on the mechanisms underlying RSI.This review summarizes the mainstream opinions on these mechanisms,including the pathological,molecular biological,and cytobiological alterations.Radiationinduced reactive oxygen species(ROS),cytokines and involved signaling pathways are evaluated.Other relevant aspects include radiation-induced skin fibrosis(RSF)and radiation-related skin cell senescence.Moreover,we review strategies for the prevention and treatment in clinical and pre-clinical studies to support the treatment of RSI during radiotherapy.The prevention strategies include dose control,pre-irradiation instructions,and RSI assessments,while the main treatments include physical therapy,external-use dressings or creams,biological therapy and surgical reconstruction.展开更多
Radiation therapy is considered the most effective non-surgical treatment for brain tumors.However,there are no available treatments for radiation-induced brain injury.Bisdemethoxycurcumin(BDMC)is a demethoxy derivati...Radiation therapy is considered the most effective non-surgical treatment for brain tumors.However,there are no available treatments for radiation-induced brain injury.Bisdemethoxycurcumin(BDMC)is a demethoxy derivative of curcumin that has anti-proliferative,anti-inflammatory,and anti-oxidant properties.To determine whether BDMC has the potential to treat radiation-induced brain injury,in this study,we established a rat model of radiation-induced brain injury by administe ring a single 30-Gy vertical dose of irradiation to the whole brain,followed by intraperitoneal injection of 500μL of a 100 mg/kg BDMC solution every day for 5 successive weeks.Our res ults showed that BDMC increased the body weight of rats with radiation-induced brain injury,improved lea rning and memory,attenuated brain edema,inhibited astrocyte activation,and reduced oxidative stress.These findings suggest that BDMC protects against radiationinduced brain injury.展开更多
The exposure to either medical sources or accidental radiation can cause varying degrees of radiation injury(RI).RI is a common disease involving multiple human body parts and organs,yet effective treatments are curre...The exposure to either medical sources or accidental radiation can cause varying degrees of radiation injury(RI).RI is a common disease involving multiple human body parts and organs,yet effective treatments are currently limited.Accumulating evidence suggests gut microbiota are closely associated with the development and prevention of various RI.This article summarizes 10 common types of RI and their possible mechanisms.It also highlights the changes and potential microbiota-based treatments for RI,including probiotics,metabolites,and microbiota transplantation.Additionally,a 5P-Framework is proposed to provide a comprehensive strategy for managing RI.展开更多
文摘The skin tissue has the largest area in the human body and functions as both a barrier and a defender.As such,it tends to be the first tissue to be damaged.Advances in medical technology provide prospects as well as side effects,for example,radiation therapy for cancer.With increasing cancer morbidity and radiation widely applied for cancer therapy,radiation-induced skin injury(RSI)has become a serious concern.In recent decades,research efforts have focused on the mechanisms underlying RSI.This review summarizes the mainstream opinions on these mechanisms,including the pathological,molecular biological,and cytobiological alterations.Radiationinduced reactive oxygen species(ROS),cytokines and involved signaling pathways are evaluated.Other relevant aspects include radiation-induced skin fibrosis(RSF)and radiation-related skin cell senescence.Moreover,we review strategies for the prevention and treatment in clinical and pre-clinical studies to support the treatment of RSI during radiotherapy.The prevention strategies include dose control,pre-irradiation instructions,and RSI assessments,while the main treatments include physical therapy,external-use dressings or creams,biological therapy and surgical reconstruction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82002400(to GJZ)Scientific Research Project of Hu nan Health Committee,No.20201911and No.20200469(both to ZJX)+2 种基金Scientific Research Project of Hunan Health Committee,No.20211411761(to HMW)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,No.2020JJ5512(to GJZ)a grant from Clinical Medical Technology Innovation Guidance Project in Hunan Province,No.2020SK51822(to ZJX)。
文摘Radiation therapy is considered the most effective non-surgical treatment for brain tumors.However,there are no available treatments for radiation-induced brain injury.Bisdemethoxycurcumin(BDMC)is a demethoxy derivative of curcumin that has anti-proliferative,anti-inflammatory,and anti-oxidant properties.To determine whether BDMC has the potential to treat radiation-induced brain injury,in this study,we established a rat model of radiation-induced brain injury by administe ring a single 30-Gy vertical dose of irradiation to the whole brain,followed by intraperitoneal injection of 500μL of a 100 mg/kg BDMC solution every day for 5 successive weeks.Our res ults showed that BDMC increased the body weight of rats with radiation-induced brain injury,improved lea rning and memory,attenuated brain edema,inhibited astrocyte activation,and reduced oxidative stress.These findings suggest that BDMC protects against radiationinduced brain injury.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFA0717004)Nanjing Medical University Fan Daiming Research Funds for Holistic Integrative Medicine.
文摘The exposure to either medical sources or accidental radiation can cause varying degrees of radiation injury(RI).RI is a common disease involving multiple human body parts and organs,yet effective treatments are currently limited.Accumulating evidence suggests gut microbiota are closely associated with the development and prevention of various RI.This article summarizes 10 common types of RI and their possible mechanisms.It also highlights the changes and potential microbiota-based treatments for RI,including probiotics,metabolites,and microbiota transplantation.Additionally,a 5P-Framework is proposed to provide a comprehensive strategy for managing RI.
