为探讨不同施钾量条件下甘薯块根形成的内源激素变化及其与块根数量的关系,本试验以结薯数差异显著的鲜食型甘薯品种‘烟薯25’和‘北京553’为试验材料,以氧化钾(K2O)为供试肥料,设置0(K0)、120(K1)、240(K2)和360 kg hm-2(K3)4个钾肥...为探讨不同施钾量条件下甘薯块根形成的内源激素变化及其与块根数量的关系,本试验以结薯数差异显著的鲜食型甘薯品种‘烟薯25’和‘北京553’为试验材料,以氧化钾(K2O)为供试肥料,设置0(K0)、120(K1)、240(K2)和360 kg hm-2(K3)4个钾肥梯度,研究不同施钾量对甘薯块根形成期粗根中的内源激素含量及相关代谢酶活性、收获期块根数量、块根整齐度等的影响。结果表明,与不施钾肥处理(K0)相比,施用钾肥降低了块根形成期粗根中吲哚乙酸氧化酶(indoleacetic acid oxidase,IAAO)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)的活性,提高了生长素(indole-3-acetic acid,IAA)含量;同时,增加了玉米素核苷(zeatin riboside,ZR)含量,降低了赤霉素(gibberellins,GA3)含量。施钾通过调控甘薯粗根中的内源激素水平,提升了初生形成层的活动能力,促进了不定根向块根的分化。与CK相比,增施钾肥显著提高了收获期烟薯25和北京553的单株结薯数与单薯重,提高了块根产量;烟薯25和北京553的单株结薯数增幅分别为3.16%~25.40%和3.85%~33.11%,产量增幅分别为4.22%~17.31%和3.94%~18.45%。2个品种各施钾处理相比,均为K2处理的单株结薯数最多,单薯重和块根产量最高,块根整齐度最好。展开更多
MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are small(ca. 20-24 nucleotides) non-coding RNAs that have recently been recognized as key post-transcriptional modulators of gene expression;and they are involved in many biological processes in pla...MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are small(ca. 20-24 nucleotides) non-coding RNAs that have recently been recognized as key post-transcriptional modulators of gene expression;and they are involved in many biological processes in plants, such as root growth and development. The miRNAs regulate root elongation, lateral root(LR) formation and adventitious root(AR) development in response to hormone signaling, nutrient uptake and biotic/abiotic stress. This review provides multiple perspectives on the involvement of miRNAs in regulating root growth and development in plants. We also discuss several crucial mechanisms of miRNAs, their relationships with transcription factors and the target gene-mediated hormone signaling interactions in the regulation of root growth and development.展开更多
基金funded by the Science and Technology Department of Henan Province,China(212102110046)the State Tobacco Monopoly Administration of China(110202101005(JY-05))+1 种基金the Science and Technology Project of China National Tobacco Corporation Henan Tobacco Company,China(2018410000270095)the Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project of Henan Province,China(202110466042)。
文摘MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are small(ca. 20-24 nucleotides) non-coding RNAs that have recently been recognized as key post-transcriptional modulators of gene expression;and they are involved in many biological processes in plants, such as root growth and development. The miRNAs regulate root elongation, lateral root(LR) formation and adventitious root(AR) development in response to hormone signaling, nutrient uptake and biotic/abiotic stress. This review provides multiple perspectives on the involvement of miRNAs in regulating root growth and development in plants. We also discuss several crucial mechanisms of miRNAs, their relationships with transcription factors and the target gene-mediated hormone signaling interactions in the regulation of root growth and development.
