Iris du Pré, a professional pianist, wanted a second child, did not conceive quickly and was injected in 1944 by a doctor in Oxford with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG). The doctor joked “This child will...Iris du Pré, a professional pianist, wanted a second child, did not conceive quickly and was injected in 1944 by a doctor in Oxford with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG). The doctor joked “This child will be a racehorse winner!” In January 1945, Jacqueline du Pré, the remarkable, world-famous cellist was born. In the 1920's and 1930's, animal experimentation and clinical studies had shown that pituitary glycoproteins stimulated the ovary (follicle-stimulating hormone, FSH) and the corpus luteum (luteal-stimulating hormone, LH) which prepared the human womb for embedding a fertilized ovum and that pregnant mare’s blood and urine contained the glycoprotein, PMSG whose origin was placental cells, but surprisingly in humans had the actions of both FSH and LH. However, the PMSG serum alone did not bring about pregnancy. The doctor did not know that without subsequent injection of another factor in correct sequence and timing, PMSG was pointless. In 1947, a placental glycoprotein, found in the 1920's in urine of pregnant women (human chorionic gonadotropin, hCG), when injected in mice subsequent to PMSG, achieved ovulation but not pregnancy. Human application of those findings was extremely risky due to impurities (up to 95%). The Federal Drug Administration (FDA), established in 1938, requested easily bye-passed marketing safety. Companies offered material “sufficiently” purified;professional bodies negated clinical use, tempting to a few. Evidence also suggests that, to sustain pregnancy the doctor also prescribed the new “eostrogen”, diethyl stilbestrol (DES) of negative fame. In 1947, the Nuremberg Code of ethics demanded human experiments by qualified personnel and trials preceded by adequate animal studies. It is not the case here. From five, du Pré had a most exceptional musical memory, almost obsessive musicality and a very difficult school-time socially. Later history: adult masculine build, awkward gait, tendency to recurrent depressions from mid-adolescence, unbalanced thyroidal metab展开更多
Grand Pré,Nova Scotia,an outstanding example of a traditional land-use that is representative of human interaction with a distinctive environment,has been presented for UNESCO World Heritage Site （WHS） designat...Grand Pré,Nova Scotia,an outstanding example of a traditional land-use that is representative of human interaction with a distinctive environment,has been presented for UNESCO World Heritage Site （WHS） designation.One of Canada＇s most fertile agricultural landscapes,it is also an iconic memorial site for a people who overcame a tragedy of forced migration-the Acadian Deportation-in 1755,which has since become the lure for significant numbers of tourists to the region.Now facing a double threat of agriculture change and tourism decline,Grand Pré has high expectations from its recent WHS designation （2012） and the perceived tourism that it will bring.This concept paper discusses Grand Pré as a globally important agriculture heritage system and,in light of previous research,questions its expectations of WHS designation as a conduit for future economic viability and sustainability in the region.展开更多
中国古典诗歌西传法国和欧洲,得益于18世纪知识渊博、汉学水平、文学造诣俱佳的传教士汉学家率先译介与引进。本文仅以来华耶稣会士马若瑟(Joseph Marie de Prémare,1666-1735)、白晋(Joachim Bouvet,1656-1730)、韩国英(Pierre-Ma...中国古典诗歌西传法国和欧洲,得益于18世纪知识渊博、汉学水平、文学造诣俱佳的传教士汉学家率先译介与引进。本文仅以来华耶稣会士马若瑟(Joseph Marie de Prémare,1666-1735)、白晋(Joachim Bouvet,1656-1730)、韩国英(Pierre-Martial Cibot,1727-1780)神父译介《诗经》为例,对其诗译文本进行举证考析、解读,便可见出,《诗经》西渐法国(欧洲)初期,如何受制于译介者的传教布道的宗旨而形成其诗译的成败得失,以及中国诗歌(文学)西传法国和欧洲旅程中如何伴随18世纪传教士汉学的生成、发展而发展的某些特点。展开更多
文章以中国对外传播历史悠久的新闻月刊《今日中国》(法文版)《la Chine au présent》为研究文本,以传播学相关理论为研究视域,分析翻译传播理论在汉译法领域内的应用。在具体的研究过程中,选取《今日中国》(法文版)2013年全年12...文章以中国对外传播历史悠久的新闻月刊《今日中国》(法文版)《la Chine au présent》为研究文本,以传播学相关理论为研究视域,分析翻译传播理论在汉译法领域内的应用。在具体的研究过程中,选取《今日中国》(法文版)2013年全年12期杂志,分别从词汇和语篇两个层面,对其中文和法文版本进行对照和比较。旨在将传播学理论和外宣翻译研究相结合,通过跨文化传播中的汉译法策略之路径,丰富和发展外宣翻译研究的内容,以期为外宣翻译提供比较科学合理的学理逻辑,更好地回应我国对外传播工作以及国家形象建构的迫切需求。展开更多
文摘Iris du Pré, a professional pianist, wanted a second child, did not conceive quickly and was injected in 1944 by a doctor in Oxford with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG). The doctor joked “This child will be a racehorse winner!” In January 1945, Jacqueline du Pré, the remarkable, world-famous cellist was born. In the 1920's and 1930's, animal experimentation and clinical studies had shown that pituitary glycoproteins stimulated the ovary (follicle-stimulating hormone, FSH) and the corpus luteum (luteal-stimulating hormone, LH) which prepared the human womb for embedding a fertilized ovum and that pregnant mare’s blood and urine contained the glycoprotein, PMSG whose origin was placental cells, but surprisingly in humans had the actions of both FSH and LH. However, the PMSG serum alone did not bring about pregnancy. The doctor did not know that without subsequent injection of another factor in correct sequence and timing, PMSG was pointless. In 1947, a placental glycoprotein, found in the 1920's in urine of pregnant women (human chorionic gonadotropin, hCG), when injected in mice subsequent to PMSG, achieved ovulation but not pregnancy. Human application of those findings was extremely risky due to impurities (up to 95%). The Federal Drug Administration (FDA), established in 1938, requested easily bye-passed marketing safety. Companies offered material “sufficiently” purified;professional bodies negated clinical use, tempting to a few. Evidence also suggests that, to sustain pregnancy the doctor also prescribed the new “eostrogen”, diethyl stilbestrol (DES) of negative fame. In 1947, the Nuremberg Code of ethics demanded human experiments by qualified personnel and trials preceded by adequate animal studies. It is not the case here. From five, du Pré had a most exceptional musical memory, almost obsessive musicality and a very difficult school-time socially. Later history: adult masculine build, awkward gait, tendency to recurrent depressions from mid-adolescence, unbalanced thyroidal metab
文摘Grand Pré,Nova Scotia,an outstanding example of a traditional land-use that is representative of human interaction with a distinctive environment,has been presented for UNESCO World Heritage Site （WHS） designation.One of Canada＇s most fertile agricultural landscapes,it is also an iconic memorial site for a people who overcame a tragedy of forced migration-the Acadian Deportation-in 1755,which has since become the lure for significant numbers of tourists to the region.Now facing a double threat of agriculture change and tourism decline,Grand Pré has high expectations from its recent WHS designation （2012） and the perceived tourism that it will bring.This concept paper discusses Grand Pré as a globally important agriculture heritage system and,in light of previous research,questions its expectations of WHS designation as a conduit for future economic viability and sustainability in the region.
文摘中国古典诗歌西传法国和欧洲,得益于18世纪知识渊博、汉学水平、文学造诣俱佳的传教士汉学家率先译介与引进。本文仅以来华耶稣会士马若瑟(Joseph Marie de Prémare,1666-1735)、白晋(Joachim Bouvet,1656-1730)、韩国英(Pierre-Martial Cibot,1727-1780)神父译介《诗经》为例,对其诗译文本进行举证考析、解读,便可见出,《诗经》西渐法国(欧洲)初期,如何受制于译介者的传教布道的宗旨而形成其诗译的成败得失,以及中国诗歌(文学)西传法国和欧洲旅程中如何伴随18世纪传教士汉学的生成、发展而发展的某些特点。
文摘1685年法国国王路易十四派遣了第一批“国王数学家”前往中国,李明(Louis Lecomte)是五位到达北京的法国耶稣会士之一,并在1688年到达后受到康熙皇帝召见,中法两国间从此开启了近百年的早期文化交流。李明是十七世纪末最早深入中国各地考察、游历、传教,并对他所见所闻进行详尽分析描述的法国人。综观他笔下北京城的描述,我们不难发现,作者始终抱着强烈的好奇心,以亲眼探索北京城的姿态审视异国都城里能够看到的一切,他的描写宛若一幅康熙年间北京城写实的画面。李明对北京古老的历史,独特的建筑风格,以及繁荣的商业氛围等都做了比较客观的描述,这为“启蒙时代”的法国读者传递了比较翔实的信息。由于“礼仪之争”的原因,他只好奉命回到法国解释有关中国传教的情况,1696年他在巴黎出版了在中国期间给法国上层人士的十四封书信,取名为《中国近况新志》(Nouveaux mémoiressurl’étatprésentde la Chine)。尽管李明在中国停留的时间很短暂,但是回到法国后出版的十四封长信已经对中国社会进行了颇为详细的介绍,而且他分析的内容不但全面详细,而且不少内容是对当时中国和法国的情况进行的文化和历史的对比。本文着重研究李明关于北京城特点的分析和描述,特别是他对中、法城市区别的对比。李明对北京城的观察和分析为当今学者的北京历史研究提供了第一手真实的史料。
文摘文章以中国对外传播历史悠久的新闻月刊《今日中国》(法文版)《la Chine au présent》为研究文本,以传播学相关理论为研究视域,分析翻译传播理论在汉译法领域内的应用。在具体的研究过程中,选取《今日中国》(法文版)2013年全年12期杂志,分别从词汇和语篇两个层面,对其中文和法文版本进行对照和比较。旨在将传播学理论和外宣翻译研究相结合,通过跨文化传播中的汉译法策略之路径,丰富和发展外宣翻译研究的内容,以期为外宣翻译提供比较科学合理的学理逻辑,更好地回应我国对外传播工作以及国家形象建构的迫切需求。
