目的系统评价可变阻力训练对最大力量和爆发力表现的急性干预和训练干预效果,为在实践中科学运用可变阻力训练提供证据支持。方法通过CNKI及PubMed、Web of Science、SPORTDiscus等数据库检索文献,采用Brughelli改进的质量评分表评价文...目的系统评价可变阻力训练对最大力量和爆发力表现的急性干预和训练干预效果,为在实践中科学运用可变阻力训练提供证据支持。方法通过CNKI及PubMed、Web of Science、SPORTDiscus等数据库检索文献,采用Brughelli改进的质量评分表评价文献质量。应用Stata 16.0软件分别进行数据合并、亚组分析、绘制森林图、异质性分析、meta回归、发表偏倚评价。结果急性干预共纳入8篇文献,与恒定阻力训练相比,可变阻力训练能更有效地诱导激活后增强效应(postactivation potentiation,PAP)(SMD=0.37,95%CI:0.18~0.56,P<0.001),且采用强度相同的设计方式诱导的PAP有非常显著性差异(P<0.001)。4~7 min间歇时间诱导的PAP趋向显著性(P=0.05),8~12 min诱导的PAP有非常显著性差异(P<0.001)。采用较大的可变阻力诱导的PAP可能更好(P=0.064)。训练干预共纳入12篇文献,与恒定阻力训练相比,可变阻力训练能更有效地提高最大力量表现(SMD=0.25,95%CI:0.05~0.45,P<0.05),且<7周的训练周期(P=0.04)以及使用铁链作为可变阻力设备(P=0.01)的训练效果更佳。可变阻力训练可能更有益于提高爆发力表现(SMD=0.26,95%CI:−0.03~0.55,P=0.08),且强度相同的设计方式以及使用弹力带作为可变阻力设备的训练效果可能更佳(P=0.08)。结论设计可变阻力训练方案时,采用强度相同的设计方式以及较大的可变阻力是诱导PAP的最佳策略,且在干预后4~12 min的效果最佳。<7周以及使用铁链的训练策略对最大力量表现的训练效果更好;采用强度相同的设计方式以及使用弹力带的训练策略对提升爆发力表现可能效果更佳,但可变阻力不宜过大。展开更多
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of CT （complex training） on VJ （vertical jump）. It was hypothesized that VJ height would be enhanced through CT and even greater increases would occur as a ...The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of CT （complex training） on VJ （vertical jump）. It was hypothesized that VJ height would be enhanced through CT and even greater increases would occur as a result of higher intensity resistance exercise. Twenty male high school basketball players were divided into two training groups： a H1 （high intensity）, low repetition group and a medium intensity, HR （high repetition） group. Each training group trained twice per week for six weeks. Training protocols involved three sets of 8-10 squat repetitions （80%-85% 1RM （repetition maximum）） for the HI group followed by ten countermovement jumps and thre.e sets of 12-15 squat repetitions （60%-70% 1RM） for the HR group followed by ten countermovement jumps. A three minute rest period was utilized between each set. Participants were tested at weeks 1, 3, and 6. The results of this study revealed that there was not a significant difference between the two CT protocols with respect to VJ （p = 0.077）. At week 6 both groups increased VJ significantly; HI group （4.0 ±1.8 cm, p 〈 0.01） and the HR group （2.7 ± 1.6 cm, p 〈 0.01）. Within the parameters of this study CT with either HI or HR protocols are effective at improving VJ.展开更多
文摘The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of CT （complex training） on VJ （vertical jump）. It was hypothesized that VJ height would be enhanced through CT and even greater increases would occur as a result of higher intensity resistance exercise. Twenty male high school basketball players were divided into two training groups： a H1 （high intensity）, low repetition group and a medium intensity, HR （high repetition） group. Each training group trained twice per week for six weeks. Training protocols involved three sets of 8-10 squat repetitions （80%-85% 1RM （repetition maximum）） for the HI group followed by ten countermovement jumps and thre.e sets of 12-15 squat repetitions （60%-70% 1RM） for the HR group followed by ten countermovement jumps. A three minute rest period was utilized between each set. Participants were tested at weeks 1, 3, and 6. The results of this study revealed that there was not a significant difference between the two CT protocols with respect to VJ （p = 0.077）. At week 6 both groups increased VJ significantly; HI group （4.0 ±1.8 cm, p 〈 0.01） and the HR group （2.7 ± 1.6 cm, p 〈 0.01）. Within the parameters of this study CT with either HI or HR protocols are effective at improving VJ.
