Motion estimation is an important and intensive task in video coding applications. Since the complexity of integer pixel search has been greatly reduced by the numerous fast ME algorithm, the computation overhead requ...Motion estimation is an important and intensive task in video coding applications. Since the complexity of integer pixel search has been greatly reduced by the numerous fast ME algorithm, the computation overhead required by fractional pixel ME has become relatively significant. To reduce the complexity of the fractional pixel ME algorithm, a directionality-based fractional pixel ME algorithm is proposed. The proposed algorithm efficiently explores the neighborhood positions which with high probability to be the best matching around the minimum one and skips over other unlikely ones. Thus, the proposed algorithm can complete the search by examining only 3 points on appropriate condition instead of 17 search points in the search algorithm of reference software. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm successfully optimizes the fractional-pixel motion search on both half and quarter-pixel accuracy and improves the processing speed with low PSNR penalty.展开更多
Xylan is the most abundant hemicellulose in nature. As a new type of green organic solvent, ionic liquid shows good preservation ability for the functional groups of hemicellulose. In this paper, a single molecule det...Xylan is the most abundant hemicellulose in nature. As a new type of green organic solvent, ionic liquid shows good preservation ability for the functional groups of hemicellulose. In this paper, a single molecule detection technology based on glass nanopore was established to analyze xylan dissolved in ionic liquid. Arabino-xylan (AX) and beech xylan (BX) are respectively taken as the representatives of heterogeneous xylan and homogeneous xylan. Firstly, unmodified glass nanopore was used to detect the dissolved xylan in ionic liquid, and then poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) was used to modify the nanopore to change the surface charge in the nanopore and further enhance the interaction between the nanopore and the xylan molecule. It was found that before and after nanopore modification, at negative voltage and low positive voltage, AX didn't generate current blocking signal. On the contrary, BX didn't generate current blocking signal at positive voltage. This phenomenon may be due to the current disturbance driven by electrophoresis and electroosmosis of xylan molecules with weak negative charge. After statistics analysis, the current blocking signal of AX showed that the modified nanopore showed multiple peaks. It indicates that heterogeneous xylan and PEI modified nanopore had stronger interaction. The results show that the nanopore detection technology can show the structural difference of heterogenous branched chain and homogeneous straight chain based on the single characteristic current blocking signal and statistical information, providing a research basis for the structural analysis of water insoluble polysaccharides.展开更多
Motion estimation is the most important module in H.264 video encoding algorithm since it offer the best compression ratio compared to intra prediction and entropy encoding. However, using the allowed features for int...Motion estimation is the most important module in H.264 video encoding algorithm since it offer the best compression ratio compared to intra prediction and entropy encoding. However, using the allowed features for inter prediction such as variable block size matching, multi-reference frames and fractional pel search needs a lot of computation cycles. For this purpose, we propose in this paper an Application Specific Instruction-set Processor (ASIP) solution for implementing inter prediction. An exhaustive full and fractional pel combined with variable block size matching search are used. The solution, implemented in FPGA, offers both performance and flexibility to the user to reconfigure the search algorithm.展开更多
We present a theoretical investigation of rotating electroosmotic flows(EOFs) in soft parallel plate microchannels. The soft microchannel, also called as the polyelectrolyte-grafted microchannel, is denoted as a rigid...We present a theoretical investigation of rotating electroosmotic flows(EOFs) in soft parallel plate microchannels. The soft microchannel, also called as the polyelectrolyte-grafted microchannel, is denoted as a rigid microchannel coated with a polyelectrolyte layer(PEL) on its surface. We compare the velocity in a soft microchannel with that in a rigid one for different rotating frequencies and find that the PEL has a trend to lower the velocities in both directions for a larger equivalent electrical double layer(EDL) thickness λFCL(λFCL = 0.3) and a smaller rotating frequency ω(ω < 5).However, for a larger rotating frequency ω(ω = 5), the main stream velocity u far away from the channel walls in a soft microchannel exceeds that in a rigid one. Inspired by the above results, we can control the EOF velocity in micro rotating systems by imparting PELs on the microchannel walls, which may be an interesting application in biomedical separation and chemical reaction.展开更多
This paper considers variable selection for moment restriction models. We propose a penalized empirical likelihood （PEL） approach that has desirable asymptotic properties comparable to the penalized likelihood appro...This paper considers variable selection for moment restriction models. We propose a penalized empirical likelihood （PEL） approach that has desirable asymptotic properties comparable to the penalized likelihood approach, which relies on a correct parametric likelihood specification. In addition to being consistent and having the oracle property, PEL admits inference on parameter without having to estimate its estimator＇s covariance. An approximate algorithm, along with a consistent BIC-type criterion for selecting the tuning parameters, is provided for FEL. The proposed algorithm enjoys considerable computational efficiency and overcomes the drawback of the local quadratic approximation of nonconcave penalties. Simulation studies to evaluate and compare the performances of our method with those of the existing ones show that PEL is competitive and robust. The proposed method is illustrated with two real examples.展开更多
Cooling function is definitely one of the most desirable attributes of clothing. In spite of the recent progress on phase changing material （PCM） research, the final products with sufficient amount of cooling capabi...Cooling function is definitely one of the most desirable attributes of clothing. In spite of the recent progress on phase changing material （PCM） research, the final products with sufficient amount of cooling capability have not yet to be developed in market. A new concept of cooling fabrics has been proposed by applying ＂Peltier effect＂ to textile materials. It occurs whenever electrical current flows through two dissimilar conductors t depending on the direction of current flow, the junction of the two conductors will either absorb or release heat. This effect has been tested on P-type and N-type conducting polymers. A P-type conductive polypyrrole coated fabric was synthesized by in- situ polymerization on plain weave PET to make conductive fabrics. And an N.typo electrically conductive material was synthesized by treatment of MWNT and polyethyleneimine （PEI）. A noticeable amount of temperature difference has been found in the fabric.展开更多
High frequency switching circuits can effectively increase the power density, efficiency, reliability and flexibility, and reduce power losses and equipment cost. Consequently, high-frequency switching circuits have b...High frequency switching circuits can effectively increase the power density, efficiency, reliability and flexibility, and reduce power losses and equipment cost. Consequently, high-frequency switching circuits have been paid much attention in recent decades. These performances are thoroughly different from traditional analogue control systems. Till now there is no suitable theory to describe the characteristics of the switching circuits and systems. A new theory entitled 'Digital Power Electronics' presents the clue of switching operation (switching period T=1/f,f is the switching frequency) and the pumping-filtering process,resonant operation and softswitching methodology,and researched the rules of power switching circuits and systems. The new parameters Energy Factor (EF), Pumping Energy (PE), Stored Energy (SE), Capacitor- Inductor stored energy Ratio (CIR) and time constants r and r d. Using these new parameters,ZOH/FOH/SOH and the z-transform can well describe the characteristics of power switching circuits and systems.展开更多
Estrogen exerts its biological effects through two signal pathways,the genomic and non-genomic pathway,both of which contribute to cell homeostasis.The non-genomic pathway has been suggested to be important in estroge...Estrogen exerts its biological effects through two signal pathways,the genomic and non-genomic pathway,both of which contribute to cell homeostasis.The non-genomic pathway has been suggested to be important in estrogen-induced cardio-,neuron-,and osteoprotection,and confers the ability of the cell to rapidly respond to its environment.The effects of the non-genomic pathway are the regulation of different cellular processes,such as proliferation,survival,apoptosis,and other functions in diverse cell-types.The proline-,glutamic acid-,and leucine-rich protein 1(PELP1),is now known as a modulator of the estrogen receptors,and is also a novel coregulator of the non-genomic signal pathway with various functions.Therefore,the evaluation of the molecular crosstalk between PELP1 and the non-genomic pathway may lead to the development of functionally selective estrogen receptor modulators which can participate in the multiple functions of estrogen signaling in reproductive tissues and other organs.展开更多
文摘Motion estimation is an important and intensive task in video coding applications. Since the complexity of integer pixel search has been greatly reduced by the numerous fast ME algorithm, the computation overhead required by fractional pixel ME has become relatively significant. To reduce the complexity of the fractional pixel ME algorithm, a directionality-based fractional pixel ME algorithm is proposed. The proposed algorithm efficiently explores the neighborhood positions which with high probability to be the best matching around the minimum one and skips over other unlikely ones. Thus, the proposed algorithm can complete the search by examining only 3 points on appropriate condition instead of 17 search points in the search algorithm of reference software. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm successfully optimizes the fractional-pixel motion search on both half and quarter-pixel accuracy and improves the processing speed with low PSNR penalty.
基金financially supported by the Key Project of Technological Innovation and Application Development of Chongqing(cstc2021jscx-dxwtBx0002)West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.E0296105).
文摘Xylan is the most abundant hemicellulose in nature. As a new type of green organic solvent, ionic liquid shows good preservation ability for the functional groups of hemicellulose. In this paper, a single molecule detection technology based on glass nanopore was established to analyze xylan dissolved in ionic liquid. Arabino-xylan (AX) and beech xylan (BX) are respectively taken as the representatives of heterogeneous xylan and homogeneous xylan. Firstly, unmodified glass nanopore was used to detect the dissolved xylan in ionic liquid, and then poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) was used to modify the nanopore to change the surface charge in the nanopore and further enhance the interaction between the nanopore and the xylan molecule. It was found that before and after nanopore modification, at negative voltage and low positive voltage, AX didn't generate current blocking signal. On the contrary, BX didn't generate current blocking signal at positive voltage. This phenomenon may be due to the current disturbance driven by electrophoresis and electroosmosis of xylan molecules with weak negative charge. After statistics analysis, the current blocking signal of AX showed that the modified nanopore showed multiple peaks. It indicates that heterogeneous xylan and PEI modified nanopore had stronger interaction. The results show that the nanopore detection technology can show the structural difference of heterogenous branched chain and homogeneous straight chain based on the single characteristic current blocking signal and statistical information, providing a research basis for the structural analysis of water insoluble polysaccharides.
文摘Motion estimation is the most important module in H.264 video encoding algorithm since it offer the best compression ratio compared to intra prediction and entropy encoding. However, using the allowed features for inter prediction such as variable block size matching, multi-reference frames and fractional pel search needs a lot of computation cycles. For this purpose, we propose in this paper an Application Specific Instruction-set Processor (ASIP) solution for implementing inter prediction. An exhaustive full and fractional pel combined with variable block size matching search are used. The solution, implemented in FPGA, offers both performance and flexibility to the user to reconfigure the search algorithm.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11772162 and11472140)the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Grassland Talent(No.12000-12102013)the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(No.2016MS0106)
文摘We present a theoretical investigation of rotating electroosmotic flows(EOFs) in soft parallel plate microchannels. The soft microchannel, also called as the polyelectrolyte-grafted microchannel, is denoted as a rigid microchannel coated with a polyelectrolyte layer(PEL) on its surface. We compare the velocity in a soft microchannel with that in a rigid one for different rotating frequencies and find that the PEL has a trend to lower the velocities in both directions for a larger equivalent electrical double layer(EDL) thickness λFCL(λFCL = 0.3) and a smaller rotating frequency ω(ω < 5).However, for a larger rotating frequency ω(ω = 5), the main stream velocity u far away from the channel walls in a soft microchannel exceeds that in a rigid one. Inspired by the above results, we can control the EOF velocity in micro rotating systems by imparting PELs on the microchannel walls, which may be an interesting application in biomedical separation and chemical reaction.
文摘电力电子负载(power electronics load,PEL)作为新型电气实验模拟负载装置,不仅可以模拟多种负载装置对电源产品进行多种检验测试,而且能把被测电源设备的能量回馈给电网,是一种绿色环保节能设备。但在恶劣的工况下PEL的动态性能与模拟指令电流突变,被试电源(device be tested,DBT)电压突变和电网电压变化有关,为了抑制上述扰动对PEL的影响,提出了一种基于功率平衡的前馈控制和基于风电并网的低电压穿越技术。并使用仿真和实验验证前馈控制方法的正确性和有效性。
基金supported partly by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11071045)Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (Grant No. B210)
文摘This paper considers variable selection for moment restriction models. We propose a penalized empirical likelihood （PEL） approach that has desirable asymptotic properties comparable to the penalized likelihood approach, which relies on a correct parametric likelihood specification. In addition to being consistent and having the oracle property, PEL admits inference on parameter without having to estimate its estimator＇s covariance. An approximate algorithm, along with a consistent BIC-type criterion for selecting the tuning parameters, is provided for FEL. The proposed algorithm enjoys considerable computational efficiency and overcomes the drawback of the local quadratic approximation of nonconcave penalties. Simulation studies to evaluate and compare the performances of our method with those of the existing ones show that PEL is competitive and robust. The proposed method is illustrated with two real examples.
基金Supported by the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) ,Soongsil University
文摘Cooling function is definitely one of the most desirable attributes of clothing. In spite of the recent progress on phase changing material （PCM） research, the final products with sufficient amount of cooling capability have not yet to be developed in market. A new concept of cooling fabrics has been proposed by applying ＂Peltier effect＂ to textile materials. It occurs whenever electrical current flows through two dissimilar conductors t depending on the direction of current flow, the junction of the two conductors will either absorb or release heat. This effect has been tested on P-type and N-type conducting polymers. A P-type conductive polypyrrole coated fabric was synthesized by in- situ polymerization on plain weave PET to make conductive fabrics. And an N.typo electrically conductive material was synthesized by treatment of MWNT and polyethyleneimine （PEI）. A noticeable amount of temperature difference has been found in the fabric.
文摘High frequency switching circuits can effectively increase the power density, efficiency, reliability and flexibility, and reduce power losses and equipment cost. Consequently, high-frequency switching circuits have been paid much attention in recent decades. These performances are thoroughly different from traditional analogue control systems. Till now there is no suitable theory to describe the characteristics of the switching circuits and systems. A new theory entitled 'Digital Power Electronics' presents the clue of switching operation (switching period T=1/f,f is the switching frequency) and the pumping-filtering process,resonant operation and softswitching methodology,and researched the rules of power switching circuits and systems. The new parameters Energy Factor (EF), Pumping Energy (PE), Stored Energy (SE), Capacitor- Inductor stored energy Ratio (CIR) and time constants r and r d. Using these new parameters,ZOH/FOH/SOH and the z-transform can well describe the characteristics of power switching circuits and systems.
文摘Estrogen exerts its biological effects through two signal pathways,the genomic and non-genomic pathway,both of which contribute to cell homeostasis.The non-genomic pathway has been suggested to be important in estrogen-induced cardio-,neuron-,and osteoprotection,and confers the ability of the cell to rapidly respond to its environment.The effects of the non-genomic pathway are the regulation of different cellular processes,such as proliferation,survival,apoptosis,and other functions in diverse cell-types.The proline-,glutamic acid-,and leucine-rich protein 1(PELP1),is now known as a modulator of the estrogen receptors,and is also a novel coregulator of the non-genomic signal pathway with various functions.Therefore,the evaluation of the molecular crosstalk between PELP1 and the non-genomic pathway may lead to the development of functionally selective estrogen receptor modulators which can participate in the multiple functions of estrogen signaling in reproductive tissues and other organs.
