Toll样受体家族(Toll like receptors,TLRs)是先天性免疫系统进化过程中形成的非常保守的模式识别受体家族,Toll样受体2(Toll-like receptors 2,TLR2)是已经克隆的Toll样受体家族中表达范围最广,识别病原微生物种类最多的成员。它可单...Toll样受体家族(Toll like receptors,TLRs)是先天性免疫系统进化过程中形成的非常保守的模式识别受体家族,Toll样受体2(Toll-like receptors 2,TLR2)是已经克隆的Toll样受体家族中表达范围最广,识别病原微生物种类最多的成员。它可单独或协同其他Toll样受体家族成员完成对病原体相关分子模式的识别,触发机体对致病微生物的级联免疫应答,尤其是针对细胞毒素的抗炎症反应具有重要的作用,已经成为多种疾病治疗的新靶点。文章对哺乳动物TLR2的分布,结构特征,配体识别,信号转导及其生物学功能的最新研究进展进行了综述。展开更多
Hydrogel is considered as an important material in our world nowadays as it is used in many important and significant applications such as in tissue engineering and agriculture. There are hundreds of types of such mat...Hydrogel is considered as an important material in our world nowadays as it is used in many important and significant applications such as in tissue engineering and agriculture. There are hundreds of types of such materials, where most of them can be easily prepared. The main objective of this work is to prepare one of the hydrogel types which could be very useful in the agriculture of deserts where plants in dry places require water in order to grow up. There are many places around the world where raining occurs only once or twice a year. There are also places where it does not rain at all. Therefore, hydrogels are required in order to absorb water in large quantities either during raining or irrigation instead of escaping to underground and then eject them to the roots of plants over time as the plants require watering. In this research a hydrogel based on acryl amide, Poly 2-Acrylamide-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulphonic Acid, (PAMPS) was prepared by using different percentages of a suitable cross-linking agent, Methylene-bis-Acrylamide. The cross-linker content is very important factor affects the rate and amount of absorbed water. The highest amount of absorbed water at 25°C was observed by using 0.6% cross-linking agent based on monomer mass. The temperature of absorbed water and its pH value are also essential factors that affect the rate and the amount of absorbed water and were investigated in this work. The highest amount of absorbed water was recorded at pH = 12 and at 60°C. The amount and the rate of water absorbed by Sodium Polyacrylate Hydrogel were also investigated at 25°C. The agriculture applications of hydrogel based on Sodium Polyacrylate were examined using Fenugreek seeds implanting.展开更多
Nanosilver/Poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate sodium (AMPS)) composites were synthesized with sliver nitrate solution containing AMPS monomer in situ by microwave radiation without addition of any reducer. The...Nanosilver/Poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate sodium (AMPS)) composites were synthesized with sliver nitrate solution containing AMPS monomer in situ by microwave radiation without addition of any reducer. The composites were characterized by means of UV-Vis, XRD, FTIR, TEM and XPS respectively. The results show that silver nanoparticles are dispersed highly and homogeneously in PAMPS matrix and possessed face-centered cubic structure. The morphology of nanosilver particles is not affected by microwave treatment and AMPS polymerization. XPS analysis reveals that there is an interaction among silver nanoparticles with nitrogen atoms and carbonyl oxygen atoms from AMPS polymer. Thermoanalysis proves that thermal stability of the PAMPS nanocomposites is decreasing with silver nanoparticles dispersed in the composites. The mechanism of silver ion reduced to nanosilver particles catalysized by PAMPS under microwave is discussed.展开更多
文摘Toll样受体家族(Toll like receptors,TLRs)是先天性免疫系统进化过程中形成的非常保守的模式识别受体家族,Toll样受体2(Toll-like receptors 2,TLR2)是已经克隆的Toll样受体家族中表达范围最广,识别病原微生物种类最多的成员。它可单独或协同其他Toll样受体家族成员完成对病原体相关分子模式的识别,触发机体对致病微生物的级联免疫应答,尤其是针对细胞毒素的抗炎症反应具有重要的作用,已经成为多种疾病治疗的新靶点。文章对哺乳动物TLR2的分布,结构特征,配体识别,信号转导及其生物学功能的最新研究进展进行了综述。
文摘Hydrogel is considered as an important material in our world nowadays as it is used in many important and significant applications such as in tissue engineering and agriculture. There are hundreds of types of such materials, where most of them can be easily prepared. The main objective of this work is to prepare one of the hydrogel types which could be very useful in the agriculture of deserts where plants in dry places require water in order to grow up. There are many places around the world where raining occurs only once or twice a year. There are also places where it does not rain at all. Therefore, hydrogels are required in order to absorb water in large quantities either during raining or irrigation instead of escaping to underground and then eject them to the roots of plants over time as the plants require watering. In this research a hydrogel based on acryl amide, Poly 2-Acrylamide-2-Methyl-1-Propane Sulphonic Acid, (PAMPS) was prepared by using different percentages of a suitable cross-linking agent, Methylene-bis-Acrylamide. The cross-linker content is very important factor affects the rate and amount of absorbed water. The highest amount of absorbed water at 25°C was observed by using 0.6% cross-linking agent based on monomer mass. The temperature of absorbed water and its pH value are also essential factors that affect the rate and the amount of absorbed water and were investigated in this work. The highest amount of absorbed water was recorded at pH = 12 and at 60°C. The amount and the rate of water absorbed by Sodium Polyacrylate Hydrogel were also investigated at 25°C. The agriculture applications of hydrogel based on Sodium Polyacrylate were examined using Fenugreek seeds implanting.
文摘Nanosilver/Poly(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate sodium (AMPS)) composites were synthesized with sliver nitrate solution containing AMPS monomer in situ by microwave radiation without addition of any reducer. The composites were characterized by means of UV-Vis, XRD, FTIR, TEM and XPS respectively. The results show that silver nanoparticles are dispersed highly and homogeneously in PAMPS matrix and possessed face-centered cubic structure. The morphology of nanosilver particles is not affected by microwave treatment and AMPS polymerization. XPS analysis reveals that there is an interaction among silver nanoparticles with nitrogen atoms and carbonyl oxygen atoms from AMPS polymer. Thermoanalysis proves that thermal stability of the PAMPS nanocomposites is decreasing with silver nanoparticles dispersed in the composites. The mechanism of silver ion reduced to nanosilver particles catalysized by PAMPS under microwave is discussed.
