Objective To review the major achievements in dyslexia in Chinese characters, hoping to give some clues for future studies. Data sources Both Chinese and English language literature search using PUBMED, and original a...Objective To review the major achievements in dyslexia in Chinese characters, hoping to give some clues for future studies. Data sources Both Chinese and English language literature search using PUBMED, and original articles published in main Chinese and international journals. Study selection After reviewing the literature, 54 articles were selected that specifically addressed the stated purpose. Results The results of studies about the subtypes, cerebral basis, reading processing model, event-related potential （ERP） and saccadic features between English and Chinese dyslexia are different. Conclusions in the last ten years, great progress has been made in the study of dyslexia in Chinese characters. However, there are still many problems and shortcomings which need to be investigated.展开更多
目的探究特发性脱髓鞘性视神经炎(idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis,IDON)和早期多发性硬化(multiplesclerosis,MS)患者认知功能损害的形式、特点。方法收集首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院神经内科2007年6月至2008年3月诊治IDON...目的探究特发性脱髓鞘性视神经炎(idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis,IDON)和早期多发性硬化(multiplesclerosis,MS)患者认知功能损害的形式、特点。方法收集首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院神经内科2007年6月至2008年3月诊治IDON连续病例57例,根据头颅MRI表现分为视神经炎伴脑白质病灶组(IDON with abnormal MRI,IDON-A)和视神经炎不伴脑白质病灶组(IDON with normal MRI,IDON-N);另收集病程≤5年且扩展功能障碍状态量表(expanded disability statusscale,EDSS)评分≤4.0分的MS病例20例组成早期MS组。所有入组患者和健康对照接受神经心理学测验系统评价注意力及信息处理速度、执行功能、记忆、定向、计算、语言、视空间功能等认知功能。结果神经心理学研究发现,IDON-A组及MS组的注意力、信息处理速度、言语和空间记忆力较IDON-N组及正常对照显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000,0.001,0.003,0.018,0.036);IDON-A组及MS组的执行功能较正常对照组损害明显(P=0.000,0.001,0.036,0.020),与IDON-N组比较差异无统计学意义。IDON-A组与早期MS组所有成绩差异均无统计学意义;IDON-N组大部分测验成绩与对照组比较差异无统计学意义。IDON和早期MS患者的认知损害与病程长短、神经功能缺损具有弱相关性。结论IDON患者和早期MS患者已有明确认知损害,主要包括信息处理速度、注意力、执行功能、言语和空间记忆力等方面。展开更多
As biomarkers are important in the early diagnosis ofAlzheimer’s disease （AD）, the frst collab-orative work of recruiting early-onset familial AD （EO-FAD） families in Canada and China was initiated in 2012. The r...As biomarkers are important in the early diagnosis ofAlzheimer’s disease （AD）, the frst collab-orative work of recruiting early-onset familial AD （EO-FAD） families in Canada and China was initiated in 2012. The registration networks have collected hundreds of pedigrees, for which genetic screening, neuropsycholog-ical tests and amyloid and tau imaging was used to study diagnostic biomarkers for preclinical and mild cognitive impairment （MCI） stages of AD. Besides identifying ped-igrees with novel mutations in presenilins （PSENs）/amy-loid precursor protein （APP）, the program has benefted training of Chinese research fellows, AD clinical trials forprevention,the ethical concernsfor clinical fndings, and other collaborative projects with Chinese investiga-tors. Further research of the collaborative program may facilitate the testing and clinical use of novel treatments for EOFAD and late onset AD and contribute to dementia prevention strategies in Canada and China.展开更多
Development in medical intervention has significantly decreased the mortality rates for children with complex congenital heart disease(CHD)but among these survivors with complex heart disease there occurs a uniq...Development in medical intervention has significantly decreased the mortality rates for children with complex congenital heart disease(CHD)but among these survivors with complex heart disease there occurs a unique pattern of neuro-developmental and neuropsychology impairment characterized social interaction impairment,impulsive Behavior,and impaired executive functions.Presence of behavioral problem is found significantly high in pediatric population with chronic illness than children with absence of chronic illness.The sample of 200 children with congenital heart defect was selected between age 4-8 years using multistage stratified sampling.The childhood psychopathology measurement schedule(CPMS)by Dr.Savitha Malhotra was used for assessing Behavioral problems present in children with CHD.Pre-Post experimental design was used to investigate the study and the results were statistically analyzed using paired T test.The result revealed that the effectiveness of intervention program to retrain Behavior showed high significance.With increased survival rates,the aim of the intervention and research based on clinical practices gets a shift from short term medical assessment to long term assessment and intervention of morbidity.展开更多
基金This study was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30671771）.
文摘Objective To review the major achievements in dyslexia in Chinese characters, hoping to give some clues for future studies. Data sources Both Chinese and English language literature search using PUBMED, and original articles published in main Chinese and international journals. Study selection After reviewing the literature, 54 articles were selected that specifically addressed the stated purpose. Results The results of studies about the subtypes, cerebral basis, reading processing model, event-related potential （ERP） and saccadic features between English and Chinese dyslexia are different. Conclusions in the last ten years, great progress has been made in the study of dyslexia in Chinese characters. However, there are still many problems and shortcomings which need to be investigated.
文摘目的探究特发性脱髓鞘性视神经炎(idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis,IDON)和早期多发性硬化(multiplesclerosis,MS)患者认知功能损害的形式、特点。方法收集首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院神经内科2007年6月至2008年3月诊治IDON连续病例57例,根据头颅MRI表现分为视神经炎伴脑白质病灶组(IDON with abnormal MRI,IDON-A)和视神经炎不伴脑白质病灶组(IDON with normal MRI,IDON-N);另收集病程≤5年且扩展功能障碍状态量表(expanded disability statusscale,EDSS)评分≤4.0分的MS病例20例组成早期MS组。所有入组患者和健康对照接受神经心理学测验系统评价注意力及信息处理速度、执行功能、记忆、定向、计算、语言、视空间功能等认知功能。结果神经心理学研究发现,IDON-A组及MS组的注意力、信息处理速度、言语和空间记忆力较IDON-N组及正常对照显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P=0.000,0.001,0.003,0.018,0.036);IDON-A组及MS组的执行功能较正常对照组损害明显(P=0.000,0.001,0.036,0.020),与IDON-N组比较差异无统计学意义。IDON-A组与早期MS组所有成绩差异均无统计学意义;IDON-N组大部分测验成绩与对照组比较差异无统计学意义。IDON和早期MS患者的认知损害与病程长短、神经功能缺损具有弱相关性。结论IDON患者和早期MS患者已有明确认知损害,主要包括信息处理速度、注意力、执行功能、言语和空间记忆力等方面。
文摘As biomarkers are important in the early diagnosis ofAlzheimer’s disease （AD）, the frst collab-orative work of recruiting early-onset familial AD （EO-FAD） families in Canada and China was initiated in 2012. The registration networks have collected hundreds of pedigrees, for which genetic screening, neuropsycholog-ical tests and amyloid and tau imaging was used to study diagnostic biomarkers for preclinical and mild cognitive impairment （MCI） stages of AD. Besides identifying ped-igrees with novel mutations in presenilins （PSENs）/amy-loid precursor protein （APP）, the program has benefted training of Chinese research fellows, AD clinical trials forprevention,the ethical concernsfor clinical fndings, and other collaborative projects with Chinese investiga-tors. Further research of the collaborative program may facilitate the testing and clinical use of novel treatments for EOFAD and late onset AD and contribute to dementia prevention strategies in Canada and China.
文摘Development in medical intervention has significantly decreased the mortality rates for children with complex congenital heart disease(CHD)but among these survivors with complex heart disease there occurs a unique pattern of neuro-developmental and neuropsychology impairment characterized social interaction impairment,impulsive Behavior,and impaired executive functions.Presence of behavioral problem is found significantly high in pediatric population with chronic illness than children with absence of chronic illness.The sample of 200 children with congenital heart defect was selected between age 4-8 years using multistage stratified sampling.The childhood psychopathology measurement schedule(CPMS)by Dr.Savitha Malhotra was used for assessing Behavioral problems present in children with CHD.Pre-Post experimental design was used to investigate the study and the results were statistically analyzed using paired T test.The result revealed that the effectiveness of intervention program to retrain Behavior showed high significance.With increased survival rates,the aim of the intervention and research based on clinical practices gets a shift from short term medical assessment to long term assessment and intervention of morbidity.
