Parkinson’s disease can affect not only motor functions but also cognitive abilities,leading to cognitive impairment.One common issue in Parkinson’s disease with cognitive dysfunction is the difficulty in executive ...Parkinson’s disease can affect not only motor functions but also cognitive abilities,leading to cognitive impairment.One common issue in Parkinson’s disease with cognitive dysfunction is the difficulty in executive functioning.Executive functions help us plan,organize,and control our actions based on our goals.The brain area responsible for executive functions is called the prefrontal co rtex.It acts as the command center for the brain,especially when it comes to regulating executive functions.The role of the prefrontal cortex in cognitive processes is influenced by a chemical messenger called dopamine.However,little is known about how dopamine affects the cognitive functions of patients with Parkinson’s disease.In this article,the authors review the latest research on this topic.They start by looking at how the dopaminergic syste m,is alte red in Parkinson’s disease with executive dysfunction.Then,they explore how these changes in dopamine impact the synaptic structure,electrical activity,and connection components of the prefrontal cortex.The authors also summarize the relationship between Parkinson’s disease and dopamine-related cognitive issues.This information may offer valuable insights and directions for further research and improvement in the clinical treatment of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease.展开更多
抑郁症是以情绪低落为主要表现,伴有认知和行为改变的一种常见精神疾病。目前常用的抗抑郁药物起效缓慢、治疗周期长、复发率高,存在明显缺陷。经颅交流电刺激(transcranial alternating current stimulation,tACS)是一种非侵入性脑刺...抑郁症是以情绪低落为主要表现,伴有认知和行为改变的一种常见精神疾病。目前常用的抗抑郁药物起效缓慢、治疗周期长、复发率高,存在明显缺陷。经颅交流电刺激(transcranial alternating current stimulation,tACS)是一种非侵入性脑刺激技术,近年来逐渐应用于抑郁症的治疗中。抑郁症和大脑内源性神经振荡、突触可塑性的异常有关,tACS可以对以上机制产生影响,从而治疗抑郁症。不同频率的tACS刺激可以改善抑郁症状,其中以γ、α频率的刺激最受关注。本文主要对tACS的可能作用机制以及不同频率tACS在抑郁症中的应用进行综述,有助于进一步探讨tACS治疗抑郁症的可行性。展开更多
认知功能障碍是脑高级功能的损伤,由神经精神疾病引起的认知功能损害对患者的生活质量和疾病转归造成严重影响。经颅交流电刺激(transcranial alternating current stimulation,tACS)通过调节特定频率的神经振荡、影响5-羟色胺和多巴胺...认知功能障碍是脑高级功能的损伤,由神经精神疾病引起的认知功能损害对患者的生活质量和疾病转归造成严重影响。经颅交流电刺激(transcranial alternating current stimulation,tACS)通过调节特定频率的神经振荡、影响5-羟色胺和多巴胺等神经递质的释放、增强脑网络局部与远端的同步,达到改善认知功能的效果。特定频率的tACS可以改善阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer disease,AD)、精神分裂症、抑郁障碍引起的认知功能损害,其中以gamma和theta频率tACS对认知功能的影响最为显著。tACS安全性高,操作难度小,对改善神经精神疾病患者的认知功能具有巨大潜力。展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Social Science Foundation of China (No. 17ZDA323)the Major Program of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality China (No. 17JC1404100)
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82101263Jiangsu Province Science Foundation for Youths,No.BK20210903Research Foundation for Talented Scholars of Xuzhou Medical University,No.RC20552114(all to CT)。
文摘Parkinson’s disease can affect not only motor functions but also cognitive abilities,leading to cognitive impairment.One common issue in Parkinson’s disease with cognitive dysfunction is the difficulty in executive functioning.Executive functions help us plan,organize,and control our actions based on our goals.The brain area responsible for executive functions is called the prefrontal co rtex.It acts as the command center for the brain,especially when it comes to regulating executive functions.The role of the prefrontal cortex in cognitive processes is influenced by a chemical messenger called dopamine.However,little is known about how dopamine affects the cognitive functions of patients with Parkinson’s disease.In this article,the authors review the latest research on this topic.They start by looking at how the dopaminergic syste m,is alte red in Parkinson’s disease with executive dysfunction.Then,they explore how these changes in dopamine impact the synaptic structure,electrical activity,and connection components of the prefrontal cortex.The authors also summarize the relationship between Parkinson’s disease and dopamine-related cognitive issues.This information may offer valuable insights and directions for further research and improvement in the clinical treatment of cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease.
文摘抑郁症是以情绪低落为主要表现,伴有认知和行为改变的一种常见精神疾病。目前常用的抗抑郁药物起效缓慢、治疗周期长、复发率高,存在明显缺陷。经颅交流电刺激(transcranial alternating current stimulation,tACS)是一种非侵入性脑刺激技术,近年来逐渐应用于抑郁症的治疗中。抑郁症和大脑内源性神经振荡、突触可塑性的异常有关,tACS可以对以上机制产生影响,从而治疗抑郁症。不同频率的tACS刺激可以改善抑郁症状,其中以γ、α频率的刺激最受关注。本文主要对tACS的可能作用机制以及不同频率tACS在抑郁症中的应用进行综述,有助于进一步探讨tACS治疗抑郁症的可行性。
基金the Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader(No.19XD1423300)Shanghai Municipal Commission of Education—Gaofeng Clinical Medicine Grant Support(No.20191835)。
文摘认知功能障碍是脑高级功能的损伤,由神经精神疾病引起的认知功能损害对患者的生活质量和疾病转归造成严重影响。经颅交流电刺激(transcranial alternating current stimulation,tACS)通过调节特定频率的神经振荡、影响5-羟色胺和多巴胺等神经递质的释放、增强脑网络局部与远端的同步,达到改善认知功能的效果。特定频率的tACS可以改善阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer disease,AD)、精神分裂症、抑郁障碍引起的认知功能损害,其中以gamma和theta频率tACS对认知功能的影响最为显著。tACS安全性高,操作难度小,对改善神经精神疾病患者的认知功能具有巨大潜力。
