目的研究中文版癌症自我管理效能感量表,即健康促进策略量表(Strategies Used by People to Promote Health,SUPPH)在癌症患者自我管理效能感评定中的信、效度。方法将英文版SUPPH经过肿瘤护理专家多次翻译、回译和共同讨论后,通过召开...目的研究中文版癌症自我管理效能感量表,即健康促进策略量表(Strategies Used by People to Promote Health,SUPPH)在癌症患者自我管理效能感评定中的信、效度。方法将英文版SUPPH经过肿瘤护理专家多次翻译、回译和共同讨论后,通过召开专家和患者座谈会的方式,对14名从事肿瘤护理人员和5例肿瘤患者将条目逐一进行咨询,以了解不同文化背景下SUPPH的表述方式、内容等方面的异同(最终确立中文版量表内容)。然后对194例癌症患者进行问卷调查,以评定该工具的信、效度。结果中文版的SUPPH有28个条目,其Cronbach'sα系数为0.849～0.970,Guttman折半系数在0.803～0.937,因子分析得出3个公因子,累计方差贡献率为66.65%。结论中文版SUPPH具有良好的信、效度,适合中国文化背景下癌症患者自我管理效能感的测量。展开更多
In the recent decades, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been found to be increasing in males in some countries. In China, HCC ranked second of cancer mortality since 1990s. Hepatitis B and C viruses...In the recent decades, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been found to be increasing in males in some countries. In China, HCC ranked second of cancer mortality since 1990s. Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) and dietary aflatoxin intake remain the major causative factors of HCC. Surgery plays a major role in the treatment of HCC, particularly for small HCC. Downstaging unresectable huge HCC to smaller HCC and followed by resection will probably be a new approach for further study. Liver transplantation is indicated for small HCC, however, some issues remain to be solved.Different modes of 'regional cancer therapy for HCC' have been tried. Systemic chemotherapy has been disappointing in the past but the future can be promising.Biotherapy, such as cytokines, differentiation inducers,anti-angiogenic agents, gene therapy and tumor vaccine will probably play a role, particularly in the prevention of tumor recurrence. HCC invasiveness is currently the major target of study. Tremendous works have been done at the molecular level, which will provide clues for biomarker of HCC progressionas well as targets for intervention.展开更多
The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still remains dismal, although many advances in its clinical study have been made. It is important for tumor control to identify the factors that predispose patients to ...The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still remains dismal, although many advances in its clinical study have been made. It is important for tumor control to identify the factors that predispose patients to death. With new discoveries in cancer biology, the pathological and biological prognostic factors of HCC have been studied quite extensively. Analyzing molecular markers (biomarkers) with prognostic significance is a complementary method. A large number of molecular factors have been shown to associate with the invasiveness of HCC, and have potential prognostic significance. One important aspect is the analysis of molecular markers for the cellular malignancy phenotype. These include alterations in DNA ploidy, cellular proliferation markers (PCNA, Ki-67, Mcm2, MIB1, MIA, and CSE1L/CAS protein), nuclear morphology, the p53 gene and its related molecule MD M2, other cell cycle regulators (cyclin A, cyclin D, cyclin E, cdc2, p27, p73), oncogenes and their receptors (such as ras, c-myc, c-fms, HGF, c-met, and erb-B receptor family members), apoptosis related factors (Fas and FasL), as well as telomerase activity. Another important aspect is the analysis of molecular markers involved in the process of cancer invasion and metastasis. Adhesion molecules (E-cadherin, catenins, serum intercellular adhesion molecule-1, CD44 variants), proteinases involved in the degradation of extracellular matrix (MMP-2, MMP-9, uPA, uPAR, PAI), as well as other molecules have been regarded as biomarkers for the malignant phenotype of HCC, and are related to prognosis and therapeutic outcomes. Tumor angiogenesis is critical to both the growth and metastasis of cancers including HCC, and has drawn much attention in recent years. Many angiogenesis-related markers, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF), thrombospondin (TSP), angiogenin, pleiotrophin, and endostatin (ES) levels, as well as intratumor microvessel density (M展开更多
文摘目的研究中文版癌症自我管理效能感量表,即健康促进策略量表(Strategies Used by People to Promote Health,SUPPH)在癌症患者自我管理效能感评定中的信、效度。方法将英文版SUPPH经过肿瘤护理专家多次翻译、回译和共同讨论后,通过召开专家和患者座谈会的方式,对14名从事肿瘤护理人员和5例肿瘤患者将条目逐一进行咨询,以了解不同文化背景下SUPPH的表述方式、内容等方面的异同(最终确立中文版量表内容)。然后对194例癌症患者进行问卷调查,以评定该工具的信、效度。结果中文版的SUPPH有28个条目,其Cronbach'sα系数为0.849～0.970,Guttman折半系数在0.803～0.937,因子分析得出3个公因子,累计方差贡献率为66.65%。结论中文版SUPPH具有良好的信、效度,适合中国文化背景下癌症患者自我管理效能感的测量。
文摘In the recent decades, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been found to be increasing in males in some countries. In China, HCC ranked second of cancer mortality since 1990s. Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) and dietary aflatoxin intake remain the major causative factors of HCC. Surgery plays a major role in the treatment of HCC, particularly for small HCC. Downstaging unresectable huge HCC to smaller HCC and followed by resection will probably be a new approach for further study. Liver transplantation is indicated for small HCC, however, some issues remain to be solved.Different modes of 'regional cancer therapy for HCC' have been tried. Systemic chemotherapy has been disappointing in the past but the future can be promising.Biotherapy, such as cytokines, differentiation inducers,anti-angiogenic agents, gene therapy and tumor vaccine will probably play a role, particularly in the prevention of tumor recurrence. HCC invasiveness is currently the major target of study. Tremendous works have been done at the molecular level, which will provide clues for biomarker of HCC progressionas well as targets for intervention.
文摘The prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still remains dismal, although many advances in its clinical study have been made. It is important for tumor control to identify the factors that predispose patients to death. With new discoveries in cancer biology, the pathological and biological prognostic factors of HCC have been studied quite extensively. Analyzing molecular markers (biomarkers) with prognostic significance is a complementary method. A large number of molecular factors have been shown to associate with the invasiveness of HCC, and have potential prognostic significance. One important aspect is the analysis of molecular markers for the cellular malignancy phenotype. These include alterations in DNA ploidy, cellular proliferation markers (PCNA, Ki-67, Mcm2, MIB1, MIA, and CSE1L/CAS protein), nuclear morphology, the p53 gene and its related molecule MD M2, other cell cycle regulators (cyclin A, cyclin D, cyclin E, cdc2, p27, p73), oncogenes and their receptors (such as ras, c-myc, c-fms, HGF, c-met, and erb-B receptor family members), apoptosis related factors (Fas and FasL), as well as telomerase activity. Another important aspect is the analysis of molecular markers involved in the process of cancer invasion and metastasis. Adhesion molecules (E-cadherin, catenins, serum intercellular adhesion molecule-1, CD44 variants), proteinases involved in the degradation of extracellular matrix (MMP-2, MMP-9, uPA, uPAR, PAI), as well as other molecules have been regarded as biomarkers for the malignant phenotype of HCC, and are related to prognosis and therapeutic outcomes. Tumor angiogenesis is critical to both the growth and metastasis of cancers including HCC, and has drawn much attention in recent years. Many angiogenesis-related markers, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF), thrombospondin (TSP), angiogenin, pleiotrophin, and endostatin (ES) levels, as well as intratumor microvessel density (M
