Myeloid sarcomas(MS)involve extramedullary blast proliferation from one or more myeloid lineages thatreplace the original tissue architecture,and these neoplasias are called granulocytic sarcomas,chloromas or extramed...Myeloid sarcomas(MS)involve extramedullary blast proliferation from one or more myeloid lineages thatreplace the original tissue architecture,and these neoplasias are called granulocytic sarcomas,chloromas or extramedullary myeloid tumors.Such tumors develop in lymphoid organs,bones(e.g.,skulls and orbits),skin,soft tissue,various mucosae,organs,and the central nervous system.Gastrointestinal(GI)involvement is rare,while the occurrence of myeloid sarcomas in patients without leukemia is even rare.Here,we report a case of a 38-year-old man who presented with epigastric pain and progressive jaundice.An upper GI endoscopy had shown extensive multifocal hyperemic fold thickening and the spread of nodular lesions in the body of the stomach.Biopsies from the gastric lesions indicated myeloid sarcoma of the stomach.However,concurrent peripheral blood and bone marrow examinations showed no evidence of acute myeloid leukemia.For diagnosis,the immunohistochemical markers must be checked when evaluating a suspected myeloid sarcoma case.Accurate MS diagnosis determines the appropriate therapy and prognosis.展开更多
Myeloid sarcoma, also known as granulocytic sarcoma or chloroma is an unusual accumulation of malignant myeloid precursor cells in an extramedullary site, which disrupts the normal architecture of the involved tissue....Myeloid sarcoma, also known as granulocytic sarcoma or chloroma is an unusual accumulation of malignant myeloid precursor cells in an extramedullary site, which disrupts the normal architecture of the involved tissue. It is known to occur more commonly in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and less commonly in those with myelodysplastic syndrome and myeloproliferative neoplasm, such as chronic myelogenous leukemia. The most common sites of involvement include bone, skin and lymph nodes. However, rare cases have been reported in the gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract, or breast. Most commonly, a neoplastic extramedullary proliferation of myeloid precursors in a patient would have systemic involvement of a myeloid neoplasm, including in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. Infrequently, extramedullary disease may be the only site of involvement. It may also occur as a localized antecedent to more generalized disease or as a site of recurrence. Herein, we present the first case in the English literature of a patient presenting with an isolated site of myeloid sarcoma arising in the form of a colonic polyp which, after subsequent bone marrow biopsy, was found to be a harbinger of chronic myelogenous leukemia.展开更多
Myeloid sarcoma occurs in 1% - 9% of patients with myelogenous leukemia. Spinal epidural myeloid sarcoma is particularly rare, and its treatment has not been established. A 27-year-old woman complained of pain on her ...Myeloid sarcoma occurs in 1% - 9% of patients with myelogenous leukemia. Spinal epidural myeloid sarcoma is particularly rare, and its treatment has not been established. A 27-year-old woman complained of pain on her left chest, back around the scapula, and neck. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a thoracic epidural tumor. One week after her visit, she developed motor weakness of her lower extremities and dysuria, and she was diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) on peripheral blood analysis. The epidural tumor was strongly suspected to be myeloid sarcoma. The paralysis of the lower extremities and bladder dysfunction were not progressive, and chemotherapy and local radiation therapy to the spine were performed. Improvement of paralysis and complete reduction of tumor volume were achieved by the combination of local low-dose radiation therapy and chemotherapy.展开更多
Myeloid sarcomas （MS） preceding acute myeloid leukemia （AML） are rare, which presenting as acute spinal cord compression is even rare. Here we report two new cases of myeloid sarcoma patients, whose outcomes were ...Myeloid sarcomas （MS） preceding acute myeloid leukemia （AML） are rare, which presenting as acute spinal cord compression is even rare. Here we report two new cases of myeloid sarcoma patients, whose outcomes were different. Twenty-seven patients with spinal MS preceding AML have been reported to date, including the two cases presented in this article. Surgical decompression was performed in 25 of the 27 patients, and 23 of these received additional anti-AML therapy. Considering our patients and the published cases in the literature we suggest that immunohistochemical study plays an essential role in arriving at a correct diagnosis of MS, and that emergency surgery to resect spinal MS is an available treatment to make neural function recovery, and that the disease must be treated with intensive chemotherapy similar to that used to treat AML as soon as possible after resection or irradiation of the tumor.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81370511the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,No.S2011020002348Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,No.82000-3281901
文摘Myeloid sarcomas(MS)involve extramedullary blast proliferation from one or more myeloid lineages thatreplace the original tissue architecture,and these neoplasias are called granulocytic sarcomas,chloromas or extramedullary myeloid tumors.Such tumors develop in lymphoid organs,bones(e.g.,skulls and orbits),skin,soft tissue,various mucosae,organs,and the central nervous system.Gastrointestinal(GI)involvement is rare,while the occurrence of myeloid sarcomas in patients without leukemia is even rare.Here,we report a case of a 38-year-old man who presented with epigastric pain and progressive jaundice.An upper GI endoscopy had shown extensive multifocal hyperemic fold thickening and the spread of nodular lesions in the body of the stomach.Biopsies from the gastric lesions indicated myeloid sarcoma of the stomach.However,concurrent peripheral blood and bone marrow examinations showed no evidence of acute myeloid leukemia.For diagnosis,the immunohistochemical markers must be checked when evaluating a suspected myeloid sarcoma case.Accurate MS diagnosis determines the appropriate therapy and prognosis.
文摘Myeloid sarcoma, also known as granulocytic sarcoma or chloroma is an unusual accumulation of malignant myeloid precursor cells in an extramedullary site, which disrupts the normal architecture of the involved tissue. It is known to occur more commonly in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and less commonly in those with myelodysplastic syndrome and myeloproliferative neoplasm, such as chronic myelogenous leukemia. The most common sites of involvement include bone, skin and lymph nodes. However, rare cases have been reported in the gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary tract, or breast. Most commonly, a neoplastic extramedullary proliferation of myeloid precursors in a patient would have systemic involvement of a myeloid neoplasm, including in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. Infrequently, extramedullary disease may be the only site of involvement. It may also occur as a localized antecedent to more generalized disease or as a site of recurrence. Herein, we present the first case in the English literature of a patient presenting with an isolated site of myeloid sarcoma arising in the form of a colonic polyp which, after subsequent bone marrow biopsy, was found to be a harbinger of chronic myelogenous leukemia.
文摘Myeloid sarcoma occurs in 1% - 9% of patients with myelogenous leukemia. Spinal epidural myeloid sarcoma is particularly rare, and its treatment has not been established. A 27-year-old woman complained of pain on her left chest, back around the scapula, and neck. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a thoracic epidural tumor. One week after her visit, she developed motor weakness of her lower extremities and dysuria, and she was diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) on peripheral blood analysis. The epidural tumor was strongly suspected to be myeloid sarcoma. The paralysis of the lower extremities and bladder dysfunction were not progressive, and chemotherapy and local radiation therapy to the spine were performed. Improvement of paralysis and complete reduction of tumor volume were achieved by the combination of local low-dose radiation therapy and chemotherapy.
文摘Myeloid sarcomas （MS） preceding acute myeloid leukemia （AML） are rare, which presenting as acute spinal cord compression is even rare. Here we report two new cases of myeloid sarcoma patients, whose outcomes were different. Twenty-seven patients with spinal MS preceding AML have been reported to date, including the two cases presented in this article. Surgical decompression was performed in 25 of the 27 patients, and 23 of these received additional anti-AML therapy. Considering our patients and the published cases in the literature we suggest that immunohistochemical study plays an essential role in arriving at a correct diagnosis of MS, and that emergency surgery to resect spinal MS is an available treatment to make neural function recovery, and that the disease must be treated with intensive chemotherapy similar to that used to treat AML as soon as possible after resection or irradiation of the tumor.
