Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) are a subset of multipotent stroma cells residing in various tissues of the body. Apart from supporting the hematopoietic stem cell niche, MSCs possess strong immunoregulatory ability and ...Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) are a subset of multipotent stroma cells residing in various tissues of the body. Apart from supporting the hematopoietic stem cell niche, MSCs possess strong immunoregulatory ability and multiple differentiation potentials. These powerful capacities allow the extensive application of MSCs in clinical practice as an effective treatment for diseases.Therefore, illuminating the functional mechanism of MSCs will help to improve their curative effect and promote their clinical use. Long noncoding RNA(LncRNA) is a novel class of noncoding RNA longer than 200 nt. Recently,multiple studies have demonstrated that LncRNA is widely involved in growth and development through controlling the fate of cells, including MSCs. In this review, we highlight the role of LncRNA in regulating the functions of MSCs and discuss their participation in the pathogenesis of diseases and clinical use in diagnosis and treatment.展开更多
Radiotherapy may induce irreversible damage on healthy tissues surrounding the tumor. It has been reported that the majority of patients receiving pelvic radiation therapy show early or late tissue reactions of graded...Radiotherapy may induce irreversible damage on healthy tissues surrounding the tumor. It has been reported that the majority of patients receiving pelvic radiation therapy show early or late tissue reactions of graded severity as radiotherapy affects not only the targeted tumor cells but also the surrounding healthy tissues. The late adverse effects of pelvic radiotherapy concern 5% to 10% of them, which could be life threatening. However, a clear medical consensus concerning the clinical management of such healthy tissue sequelae does not exist. Although no pharmacologic interventions have yet been proven to efficiently mitigate radiotherapy severe side effects, few preclinical researches show the potential of combined and sequential pharmacological treatments to prevent the onset of tissue damage. Our group has demonstrated in preclinical animal models that systemic mesenchymal stromal cell(MSC) injection is a promising approach for the medical management of gastrointestinal disorder after irradiation. We have shown that MSCs migrate to damaged tissues and restore gut functions after irradiation.We carefully studied side effects of stem cell injection for further application in patients. We have shown that clinical status of four patients suffering from severe pelvic side effects resulting from an over-dosage was improved following MSC injection in a compationnal situation.展开更多
背景:人诱导性多能干细胞源神经元的出现解决了胚胎干细胞来源的伦理学问题,为帕金森病移植提供了一个有前景的细胞替代资源。目的:总结人诱导性多能干细胞分化为多巴胺能神经元的诱导流程及其移植治疗帕金森病动物模型的应用进展。方法...背景:人诱导性多能干细胞源神经元的出现解决了胚胎干细胞来源的伦理学问题,为帕金森病移植提供了一个有前景的细胞替代资源。目的:总结人诱导性多能干细胞分化为多巴胺能神经元的诱导流程及其移植治疗帕金森病动物模型的应用进展。方法:以英文检索词"iP SC and Parkinson’s disease,induced pluripotent stem cells and Parkinson’s disease,ES cells and Parkinson,PD model,Parkinson and Lewy bodies"由第一作者检索1980至2015年Pub Med数据库,查阅近年诱导性多能干细胞源神经元移植治疗帕金森病的相关文献,最终保留40篇文献。结果与结论:文章综述了诱导性多能干细胞的不同来源,应用的各种诱导性多能干细胞的体外诱导分化方案,不同帕金森病模型的选择以及多位学者神经元移植试验的数据,详细呈现当前人诱导性多能干细胞源神经元移植治疗帕金森病的现状。根据路易小体的帕金森病机制来分析移植后路易小体的产生机制,为将来避免移植后路易小体的产生以及移植效果的优化提供了参考。优化的诱导性多能干细胞体外诱导分化条件可以明显改善帕金森病模型动物的行为学表现,结合影像学检测、免疫组织化学试验等检测手段可以更系统的评价移植效果。展开更多
Ischemic stroke is a critical disease which causes serious neurological functional loss such as paresis. Hope for novel therapies is based on the increasing evidence of the presence of stem cell populations in the cen...Ischemic stroke is a critical disease which causes serious neurological functional loss such as paresis. Hope for novel therapies is based on the increasing evidence of the presence of stem cell populations in the central nervous system (CNS) and the development of stem-cell-based therapies for stroke patients. Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represented initially a promising cell source, only a few transplanted MSCs were present near the injured areas of the CNS. Thus, regional stem cells that are present and/or induced in the CNS may be ideal when considering a treatment following ischemic stroke. In this context, we have recently showed that injury/ischemia-induced neural stem/progenitor cells (iNSPCs) and injury/ischemia-induced multipotent stem cells (iSCs) are present within post-stroke human brains and post-stroke mouse brains. This indicates that iNSPCs/iSCs could be developed for clinical applications treating patients with stroke. The present study introduces the traits of mouse and human iNSPCs, with a focus on the future perspective for CNS regenerative therapies using novel iNSPCs/iSCs.展开更多
背景:人多能干细胞源神经细胞移植治疗帕金森病的研究已经取得极大进展,进入了亚临床研究阶段,但依然有许多问题亟待解决,其中一个问题是分化的异质性,这种异质性可以引起移植后宿主体内肿瘤形成、异动症的发生,给患者带来了潜在的、不...背景:人多能干细胞源神经细胞移植治疗帕金森病的研究已经取得极大进展,进入了亚临床研究阶段,但依然有许多问题亟待解决,其中一个问题是分化的异质性,这种异质性可以引起移植后宿主体内肿瘤形成、异动症的发生,给患者带来了潜在的、不可预估的安全风险。目的:总结人多能干细胞分化为多巴胺能神经元的现状、分化方案设计的原理、诱导流程和异质性分化的研究现状,为其移植治疗实现临床转化奠定理论基础。方法:英文检索词为"iPSC AND Parkinson’s Disease,Induced pluripotent stem cells AND Parkinson’s Disease,ES cells AND Parkinson’s Disease,Embryonic stem cells AND Parkinson’s Disease,Pluripotent stem cells AND Parkinson’s Disease",中文检索词为"多能干细胞AND帕金森病,诱导多能干细胞AND帕金森病,胚胎干细胞AND帕金森病",由第一作者检索1980至2018年PubMed数据库、中文中国知网数据库和万方数据库,查阅近年诱导性多能干细胞源神经元移植治疗帕金森病的相关文献,最终保留46篇文献进行总结。结果与结论:多能干细胞应用各种不同体外诱导分化方案,可诱导分化为A9多巴胺能神经元,移植后可以促进帕金森病模型动物的行为学及肢体功能的恢复。然而目前的分化方案产物中除了可以分化为A9多巴胺能神经元外,还包括A10多巴胺能神经元、5-羟色胺能神经元等不同的神经元,尚无一种分化方案可以达到均一性分化。优化多能干细胞体外诱导分化条件,同质性分化为A9多巴胺能神经元可以进一步改善帕金森病模型动物的行为学表现,促进该细胞疗法的临床转化。展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81672097,81672128,and 81702120
文摘Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) are a subset of multipotent stroma cells residing in various tissues of the body. Apart from supporting the hematopoietic stem cell niche, MSCs possess strong immunoregulatory ability and multiple differentiation potentials. These powerful capacities allow the extensive application of MSCs in clinical practice as an effective treatment for diseases.Therefore, illuminating the functional mechanism of MSCs will help to improve their curative effect and promote their clinical use. Long noncoding RNA(LncRNA) is a novel class of noncoding RNA longer than 200 nt. Recently,multiple studies have demonstrated that LncRNA is widely involved in growth and development through controlling the fate of cells, including MSCs. In this review, we highlight the role of LncRNA in regulating the functions of MSCs and discuss their participation in the pathogenesis of diseases and clinical use in diagnosis and treatment.
文摘Radiotherapy may induce irreversible damage on healthy tissues surrounding the tumor. It has been reported that the majority of patients receiving pelvic radiation therapy show early or late tissue reactions of graded severity as radiotherapy affects not only the targeted tumor cells but also the surrounding healthy tissues. The late adverse effects of pelvic radiotherapy concern 5% to 10% of them, which could be life threatening. However, a clear medical consensus concerning the clinical management of such healthy tissue sequelae does not exist. Although no pharmacologic interventions have yet been proven to efficiently mitigate radiotherapy severe side effects, few preclinical researches show the potential of combined and sequential pharmacological treatments to prevent the onset of tissue damage. Our group has demonstrated in preclinical animal models that systemic mesenchymal stromal cell(MSC) injection is a promising approach for the medical management of gastrointestinal disorder after irradiation. We have shown that MSCs migrate to damaged tissues and restore gut functions after irradiation.We carefully studied side effects of stem cell injection for further application in patients. We have shown that clinical status of four patients suffering from severe pelvic side effects resulting from an over-dosage was improved following MSC injection in a compationnal situation.
文摘背景:人诱导性多能干细胞源神经元的出现解决了胚胎干细胞来源的伦理学问题,为帕金森病移植提供了一个有前景的细胞替代资源。目的:总结人诱导性多能干细胞分化为多巴胺能神经元的诱导流程及其移植治疗帕金森病动物模型的应用进展。方法:以英文检索词"iP SC and Parkinson’s disease,induced pluripotent stem cells and Parkinson’s disease,ES cells and Parkinson,PD model,Parkinson and Lewy bodies"由第一作者检索1980至2015年Pub Med数据库,查阅近年诱导性多能干细胞源神经元移植治疗帕金森病的相关文献,最终保留40篇文献。结果与结论:文章综述了诱导性多能干细胞的不同来源,应用的各种诱导性多能干细胞的体外诱导分化方案,不同帕金森病模型的选择以及多位学者神经元移植试验的数据,详细呈现当前人诱导性多能干细胞源神经元移植治疗帕金森病的现状。根据路易小体的帕金森病机制来分析移植后路易小体的产生机制,为将来避免移植后路易小体的产生以及移植效果的优化提供了参考。优化的诱导性多能干细胞体外诱导分化条件可以明显改善帕金森病模型动物的行为学表现,结合影像学检测、免疫组织化学试验等检测手段可以更系统的评价移植效果。
基金Supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)KAKENHI,No.15K06723 and No.18K07380
文摘Ischemic stroke is a critical disease which causes serious neurological functional loss such as paresis. Hope for novel therapies is based on the increasing evidence of the presence of stem cell populations in the central nervous system (CNS) and the development of stem-cell-based therapies for stroke patients. Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represented initially a promising cell source, only a few transplanted MSCs were present near the injured areas of the CNS. Thus, regional stem cells that are present and/or induced in the CNS may be ideal when considering a treatment following ischemic stroke. In this context, we have recently showed that injury/ischemia-induced neural stem/progenitor cells (iNSPCs) and injury/ischemia-induced multipotent stem cells (iSCs) are present within post-stroke human brains and post-stroke mouse brains. This indicates that iNSPCs/iSCs could be developed for clinical applications treating patients with stroke. The present study introduces the traits of mouse and human iNSPCs, with a focus on the future perspective for CNS regenerative therapies using novel iNSPCs/iSCs.
文摘背景:人多能干细胞源神经细胞移植治疗帕金森病的研究已经取得极大进展,进入了亚临床研究阶段,但依然有许多问题亟待解决,其中一个问题是分化的异质性,这种异质性可以引起移植后宿主体内肿瘤形成、异动症的发生,给患者带来了潜在的、不可预估的安全风险。目的:总结人多能干细胞分化为多巴胺能神经元的现状、分化方案设计的原理、诱导流程和异质性分化的研究现状,为其移植治疗实现临床转化奠定理论基础。方法:英文检索词为"iPSC AND Parkinson’s Disease,Induced pluripotent stem cells AND Parkinson’s Disease,ES cells AND Parkinson’s Disease,Embryonic stem cells AND Parkinson’s Disease,Pluripotent stem cells AND Parkinson’s Disease",中文检索词为"多能干细胞AND帕金森病,诱导多能干细胞AND帕金森病,胚胎干细胞AND帕金森病",由第一作者检索1980至2018年PubMed数据库、中文中国知网数据库和万方数据库,查阅近年诱导性多能干细胞源神经元移植治疗帕金森病的相关文献,最终保留46篇文献进行总结。结果与结论:多能干细胞应用各种不同体外诱导分化方案,可诱导分化为A9多巴胺能神经元,移植后可以促进帕金森病模型动物的行为学及肢体功能的恢复。然而目前的分化方案产物中除了可以分化为A9多巴胺能神经元外,还包括A10多巴胺能神经元、5-羟色胺能神经元等不同的神经元,尚无一种分化方案可以达到均一性分化。优化多能干细胞体外诱导分化条件,同质性分化为A9多巴胺能神经元可以进一步改善帕金森病模型动物的行为学表现,促进该细胞疗法的临床转化。
