Breast cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women worldwide,emphasizing the urgent need for enhanced diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.Leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein 1(LRG1)has emerge...Breast cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women worldwide,emphasizing the urgent need for enhanced diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.Leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein 1(LRG1)has emerged as a notable target due to its markedly elevated expression in breast tumors,suggesting the viability of LRG1 as a theranostic target.In our study,we employed phage display technology to identify a peptide,termed ET,that binds to LRG1 with a dissociation constant of 48.4μM.After modified with fluorescent cyanine dye,the ET peptide showcased effective tumor-targeting imaging across three different primary breast tumor models and a metastatic breast tumor model.We also undertook a comprehensive safety evaluation,which verified the good biosafety credentials of ET peptide.In summary,the ET peptide identified in this study shows effective LRG1-targeting ability both in vitro and in vivo,thus exhibiting immense potential for clinical translation.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the effect of leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein 1(LRG1)on epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)cells,and to explore the role of NADPH oxidase 4(NOX4).METHODS:RPE c...AIM:To investigate the effect of leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein 1(LRG1)on epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)cells,and to explore the role of NADPH oxidase 4(NOX4).METHODS:RPE cells(ARPE-19 cell line)were treated with transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)to induce EMT.Changes of the m RNA and protein expression levels of LRG1 were tested in the TGF-β1 treated cells.The recombinant human LRG1 protein(r LRG1)and si RNA of LRG1 were used to establish accumulation of exogenous LRG1 model and the down-regulation of LRG1 model in ARPE-19 cells respectively,and to detect EMT-related markers including fibronectin,α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)and zonula occludens-1(ZO-1).The m RNA and protein expression level of NOX4 were measured according to the above treatments.VAS2870 was used as a NOX4 inhibitor in r LRG1-treated cells.EMT-related markers were detected to verify the effect of NOX4 in the process of EMT.RESULTS:TGF-β1 promoted the expression of LRG1 at both the m RNA and protein levels during the process of EMT which showed the up-regulation of fibronectin andα-SMA,as well as the down-regulation of ZO-1.Furthermore,the r LRG1 promoted EMT of ARPE-19 cells,which manifested high levels of fibronectin andα-SMA and low level of ZO-1,whereas knockdown of LRG1 prevented EMT by decreasing the expressions of fibronectin andα-SMA and increasing the expression of ZO-1 in ARPE-19 cells.Besides,the r LRG1 activated and LRG1 si RNA suppressed NOX4 expression.EMT was inhibited when VAS2870 was used in the r LRG1-treated cells.CONCLUSION:These results for the first time demonstrate that LRG1 promotes EMT of RPE cells by activating NOX4,which may provide a novel direction to explore the mechanisms of subretinal fibrosis.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32000998 and 32201240)The Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by Henan Association for Science and Technology(No.2022HYTP046)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021TQ0298)Science and Technology Development Project of Henan Province(Nos.222102310525,232102310351)National College Students’innovation and entrepreneurship training program(No.202310459197).
文摘Breast cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women worldwide,emphasizing the urgent need for enhanced diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.Leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein 1(LRG1)has emerged as a notable target due to its markedly elevated expression in breast tumors,suggesting the viability of LRG1 as a theranostic target.In our study,we employed phage display technology to identify a peptide,termed ET,that binds to LRG1 with a dissociation constant of 48.4μM.After modified with fluorescent cyanine dye,the ET peptide showcased effective tumor-targeting imaging across three different primary breast tumor models and a metastatic breast tumor model.We also undertook a comprehensive safety evaluation,which verified the good biosafety credentials of ET peptide.In summary,the ET peptide identified in this study shows effective LRG1-targeting ability both in vitro and in vivo,thus exhibiting immense potential for clinical translation.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81670828)the Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Program(No.2017GSF18141)+1 种基金the Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences and the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2017ZX09304-010)partially supported by the Taishan Scholar Youth Professional Program(No.tspd20150215,No.tsgn20161059)。
文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein 1(LRG1)on epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)cells,and to explore the role of NADPH oxidase 4(NOX4).METHODS:RPE cells(ARPE-19 cell line)were treated with transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)to induce EMT.Changes of the m RNA and protein expression levels of LRG1 were tested in the TGF-β1 treated cells.The recombinant human LRG1 protein(r LRG1)and si RNA of LRG1 were used to establish accumulation of exogenous LRG1 model and the down-regulation of LRG1 model in ARPE-19 cells respectively,and to detect EMT-related markers including fibronectin,α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)and zonula occludens-1(ZO-1).The m RNA and protein expression level of NOX4 were measured according to the above treatments.VAS2870 was used as a NOX4 inhibitor in r LRG1-treated cells.EMT-related markers were detected to verify the effect of NOX4 in the process of EMT.RESULTS:TGF-β1 promoted the expression of LRG1 at both the m RNA and protein levels during the process of EMT which showed the up-regulation of fibronectin andα-SMA,as well as the down-regulation of ZO-1.Furthermore,the r LRG1 promoted EMT of ARPE-19 cells,which manifested high levels of fibronectin andα-SMA and low level of ZO-1,whereas knockdown of LRG1 prevented EMT by decreasing the expressions of fibronectin andα-SMA and increasing the expression of ZO-1 in ARPE-19 cells.Besides,the r LRG1 activated and LRG1 si RNA suppressed NOX4 expression.EMT was inhibited when VAS2870 was used in the r LRG1-treated cells.CONCLUSION:These results for the first time demonstrate that LRG1 promotes EMT of RPE cells by activating NOX4,which may provide a novel direction to explore the mechanisms of subretinal fibrosis.
