目的:探讨高强度间歇训练(HIIT)相比中强度持续训练(MICT)对超重/肥胖成人体重与体脂率的干预是否更具优势。方法:通过检索Pub Med、Embase、Web of Science与中国知网(中文核心期刊)数据库,搜集HIIT与MICT干预超重/肥胖成人体重与体脂...目的:探讨高强度间歇训练(HIIT)相比中强度持续训练(MICT)对超重/肥胖成人体重与体脂率的干预是否更具优势。方法:通过检索Pub Med、Embase、Web of Science与中国知网(中文核心期刊)数据库,搜集HIIT与MICT干预超重/肥胖成人体重与体脂率的随机对照试验(RCT)与临床对照试验(CCT),采用风险偏倚评价对纳入文献进行质量评估,STATA 13.1软件进行合并效应量分析和亚组分析。结果:共纳入文献10篇,其中低、中度与高风险文献分别为4篇、4篇与2篇。纳入文献中HIIT与MICT组总样本量分别为119个与114个。Meta分析结果发现,与MICT相比,HIIT对超重/肥胖成人体重(WMD=-0.18,95%CI:-1.03~0.66,P=0.67)与体脂率(WMD=-0.38,95%CI:-1.02~0.27,P=0.25)的影响均不显著。亚组分析结果显示,超重指标中多训练次数的"≥48次"亚组(WMD=-1.51,95%CI:-2.73^-0.29,P=0.016)具有统计学意义;体脂率指标中长周期的"12周"亚组(WMD=-0.73,95%CI:-1.49~0.03,P=0.061)与多训练次数的"≥48次"亚组(WMD=-1.14,95%CI:-2.43~0.15,P=0.084)均出现边界显著效应。结论:HIIT与MICT相比在降低超重/肥胖成人的体重与体脂率方面的作用无明显差异。展开更多
Background: Exercise promotes numerous phenotypic adaptations in skeletal muscle that contribute to improved function and metabolic capacity. An emerging body of evidence suggests that skeletal muscle also releases a ...Background: Exercise promotes numerous phenotypic adaptations in skeletal muscle that contribute to improved function and metabolic capacity. An emerging body of evidence suggests that skeletal muscle also releases a myriad of factors during exercise, termed "myokines". The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of high-intensity interval training(HIIT) on the acute regulation of the mRNA expression of several myokines, including the prototypical myokine interleukin-6(IL-6), and recently identified myokines fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5(FNDC5)(irisin) and meteorin-like protein(METRNL).Methods: Both before and after a 20-day period of twice-daily high-volume HIIT, 9 healthy males(20.5 ± 1.5 years performed a standardized bout of high-intensity interval exercise(HIIE; 5 × 4 min at ~80% pretraining peak power output) with skeletal muscle biopsy samples(vastus lateralis) obtained at rest, immediately following exercise, and at 3 h recovery.Results: Before training, a single bout of HIIE increased IL-6(p < 0.05) and METRNL(p < 0.05) mRNA expression measured at 3 h recovery when compared to rest. Following 20 days of HIIT, IL-6 and FNDC5 mRNA were increased at 3 h recovery from the standardized HIIE bout when compared to rest(both p < 0.05). Resting METRNL and FNDC5 mRNA expression were higher following training(p < 0.05), and there was an overall increase in FNDC5 mRNA post-training(main effect of training, p < 0.05).Conclusion: In human skeletal muscle(1) an acute bout of HIIE can induce upregulation of skeletal muscle IL-6 mRNA both before and after a period of intensified HIIT;(2) Resting and overall FNDC5 mRNA expression is increased by 20 days of HIIT; and(3) METRNL mRNA expression is responsive to both acute HIIE and short-term intense HIIT. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings at the protein and secretion level in humans.展开更多
目的:采用Meta分析方法系统评价跑步形式的高强度间歇训练(running-based high-intensity inter⁃val training,HIT)与小场地比赛(small-side game,SSG)和低强度持续训练(low-intensity continuous training,LCT)对足球运动员有氧能力、...目的:采用Meta分析方法系统评价跑步形式的高强度间歇训练(running-based high-intensity inter⁃val training,HIT)与小场地比赛(small-side game,SSG)和低强度持续训练(low-intensity continuous training,LCT)对足球运动员有氧能力、无氧能力和专项耐力表现相关指标影响的差异,为足球运动员训练实践提供证据支持。方法:截至2019年11月24日,在中国知网、Web of Science核心合集和Pubmed数据库检索文献,制定文献纳入及剔除标准,学者按照拟定方案对纳入的研究进行数据提取,由其他2位有经验的学者根据PEDro量表进行质量评价。应用Stata14.0软件进行异质性检验、数据合并、亚组分析、绘制森林图、敏感性分析、Meta回归和发表偏倚检验,同时,对组间不存在显著性差异的指标,通过量化试验组和控制组效果量(effect size,ES),确定差异程度和方向。结果:纳入20篇文献中共涉及21项研究,共429名足球运动员(16.3±2.9岁),PEDro量表评分6分的研究11份,4~5分的9份,总体方法学质量较高。对最大摄氧量(maximal oxygen uptake,VO_(2max))、无氧阈速度(anaerobic threshold velocity,ATV)、跳跃能力(jumping)、反复冲刺能力(repeated sprint ability,RSA)以及结合球变向能力指标(change of direction with ball,COD with ball),HIT和SSG训练效应无显著差异,但在冲刺能力(sprinting)、非结合球变向能力(change of direction without ball,COD without ball)和YOYO间歇恢复测试(yoyo intermittent recovery test,YYIRT)上,HIT训练效果显著优于SSG;相对于LCT,HIT对VO_(2max)、sprinting、jumping和YYIRT指标的训练效果表现出显著性优势;但在ATV和RSA上,两者训练效果无显著差异。结论:对于足球运动员有氧能力和无氧能力,HIT与SSG具有相似的训练效应,但显著优于LCT;对于足球专项耐力(soccer-specific endurance,SSE),不论是SSG还是LCT,HIT均表现出明显优势。展开更多
探讨高强度间歇训练(HIIT)相比中强度持续训练(MICT)对超重/肥胖成人心肺适能的改善是否更具优势。方法:通过检索Pub Med、Embase、Web of Science与中国知网(核心期刊)数据库,搜集HIIT与MICT干预超重/肥胖成人V觶O2max的随机对照试验(R...探讨高强度间歇训练(HIIT)相比中强度持续训练(MICT)对超重/肥胖成人心肺适能的改善是否更具优势。方法:通过检索Pub Med、Embase、Web of Science与中国知网(核心期刊)数据库,搜集HIIT与MICT干预超重/肥胖成人V觶O2max的随机对照试验(RCT)与临床对照试验(CCT),采用风险偏倚评价对纳入文献进行质量评估,STATA 13.1软件进行合并效应量分析和亚组分析。结果:共纳入文献10篇,其中低、中度与高风险文献分别为4篇、5篇与1篇。纳入文献中HIIT与MICT组总样本量分别为126个与113个。Meta分析结果发现,与MICT相比,HIIT对V觶O2max指标水平的提升具有显著作用(WMD=0.97,95%CI:0.26~1.67,P=0.007),其中较高年龄的">35岁"(WMD=1.52,95%CI:0.40~2.63,P=0.008)、长周期的"12周"(WMD=1.11,95%CI:0.32~1.91,P=0.006)与训练中能耗/做功"一致"(WMD=1.37,95%CI:0.09~2.65,P=0.036)的亚组分析结果均具有统计学意义。结论:HIIT对超重/肥胖成人心肺适能的改善作用显著优于MICT,在较高年龄群体、较长训练周期与同等训练能耗或做功量条件下,HIIT优势显著。展开更多
文摘目的:探讨高强度间歇训练(HIIT)相比中强度持续训练(MICT)对超重/肥胖成人体重与体脂率的干预是否更具优势。方法:通过检索Pub Med、Embase、Web of Science与中国知网(中文核心期刊)数据库,搜集HIIT与MICT干预超重/肥胖成人体重与体脂率的随机对照试验(RCT)与临床对照试验(CCT),采用风险偏倚评价对纳入文献进行质量评估,STATA 13.1软件进行合并效应量分析和亚组分析。结果:共纳入文献10篇,其中低、中度与高风险文献分别为4篇、4篇与2篇。纳入文献中HIIT与MICT组总样本量分别为119个与114个。Meta分析结果发现,与MICT相比,HIIT对超重/肥胖成人体重(WMD=-0.18,95%CI:-1.03~0.66,P=0.67)与体脂率(WMD=-0.38,95%CI:-1.02~0.27,P=0.25)的影响均不显著。亚组分析结果显示,超重指标中多训练次数的"≥48次"亚组(WMD=-1.51,95%CI:-2.73^-0.29,P=0.016)具有统计学意义;体脂率指标中长周期的"12周"亚组(WMD=-0.73,95%CI:-1.49~0.03,P=0.061)与多训练次数的"≥48次"亚组(WMD=-1.14,95%CI:-2.43~0.15,P=0.084)均出现边界显著效应。结论:HIIT与MICT相比在降低超重/肥胖成人的体重与体脂率方面的作用无明显差异。
基金supported by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant (No. RGPIN 435807-13) to JPLthe ANZ-MASON foundation (to DB)supported by a Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) New Investigator Award (No. MSH-141980)
文摘Background: Exercise promotes numerous phenotypic adaptations in skeletal muscle that contribute to improved function and metabolic capacity. An emerging body of evidence suggests that skeletal muscle also releases a myriad of factors during exercise, termed "myokines". The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of high-intensity interval training(HIIT) on the acute regulation of the mRNA expression of several myokines, including the prototypical myokine interleukin-6(IL-6), and recently identified myokines fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5(FNDC5)(irisin) and meteorin-like protein(METRNL).Methods: Both before and after a 20-day period of twice-daily high-volume HIIT, 9 healthy males(20.5 ± 1.5 years performed a standardized bout of high-intensity interval exercise(HIIE; 5 × 4 min at ~80% pretraining peak power output) with skeletal muscle biopsy samples(vastus lateralis) obtained at rest, immediately following exercise, and at 3 h recovery.Results: Before training, a single bout of HIIE increased IL-6(p < 0.05) and METRNL(p < 0.05) mRNA expression measured at 3 h recovery when compared to rest. Following 20 days of HIIT, IL-6 and FNDC5 mRNA were increased at 3 h recovery from the standardized HIIE bout when compared to rest(both p < 0.05). Resting METRNL and FNDC5 mRNA expression were higher following training(p < 0.05), and there was an overall increase in FNDC5 mRNA post-training(main effect of training, p < 0.05).Conclusion: In human skeletal muscle(1) an acute bout of HIIE can induce upregulation of skeletal muscle IL-6 mRNA both before and after a period of intensified HIIT;(2) Resting and overall FNDC5 mRNA expression is increased by 20 days of HIIT; and(3) METRNL mRNA expression is responsive to both acute HIIE and short-term intense HIIT. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings at the protein and secretion level in humans.
文摘目的:采用Meta分析方法系统评价跑步形式的高强度间歇训练(running-based high-intensity inter⁃val training,HIT)与小场地比赛(small-side game,SSG)和低强度持续训练(low-intensity continuous training,LCT)对足球运动员有氧能力、无氧能力和专项耐力表现相关指标影响的差异,为足球运动员训练实践提供证据支持。方法:截至2019年11月24日,在中国知网、Web of Science核心合集和Pubmed数据库检索文献,制定文献纳入及剔除标准,学者按照拟定方案对纳入的研究进行数据提取,由其他2位有经验的学者根据PEDro量表进行质量评价。应用Stata14.0软件进行异质性检验、数据合并、亚组分析、绘制森林图、敏感性分析、Meta回归和发表偏倚检验,同时,对组间不存在显著性差异的指标,通过量化试验组和控制组效果量(effect size,ES),确定差异程度和方向。结果:纳入20篇文献中共涉及21项研究,共429名足球运动员(16.3±2.9岁),PEDro量表评分6分的研究11份,4~5分的9份,总体方法学质量较高。对最大摄氧量(maximal oxygen uptake,VO_(2max))、无氧阈速度(anaerobic threshold velocity,ATV)、跳跃能力(jumping)、反复冲刺能力(repeated sprint ability,RSA)以及结合球变向能力指标(change of direction with ball,COD with ball),HIT和SSG训练效应无显著差异,但在冲刺能力(sprinting)、非结合球变向能力(change of direction without ball,COD without ball)和YOYO间歇恢复测试(yoyo intermittent recovery test,YYIRT)上,HIT训练效果显著优于SSG;相对于LCT,HIT对VO_(2max)、sprinting、jumping和YYIRT指标的训练效果表现出显著性优势;但在ATV和RSA上,两者训练效果无显著差异。结论:对于足球运动员有氧能力和无氧能力,HIT与SSG具有相似的训练效应,但显著优于LCT;对于足球专项耐力(soccer-specific endurance,SSE),不论是SSG还是LCT,HIT均表现出明显优势。
文摘探讨高强度间歇训练(HIIT)相比中强度持续训练(MICT)对超重/肥胖成人心肺适能的改善是否更具优势。方法:通过检索Pub Med、Embase、Web of Science与中国知网(核心期刊)数据库,搜集HIIT与MICT干预超重/肥胖成人V觶O2max的随机对照试验(RCT)与临床对照试验(CCT),采用风险偏倚评价对纳入文献进行质量评估,STATA 13.1软件进行合并效应量分析和亚组分析。结果:共纳入文献10篇,其中低、中度与高风险文献分别为4篇、5篇与1篇。纳入文献中HIIT与MICT组总样本量分别为126个与113个。Meta分析结果发现,与MICT相比,HIIT对V觶O2max指标水平的提升具有显著作用(WMD=0.97,95%CI:0.26~1.67,P=0.007),其中较高年龄的">35岁"(WMD=1.52,95%CI:0.40~2.63,P=0.008)、长周期的"12周"(WMD=1.11,95%CI:0.32~1.91,P=0.006)与训练中能耗/做功"一致"(WMD=1.37,95%CI:0.09~2.65,P=0.036)的亚组分析结果均具有统计学意义。结论:HIIT对超重/肥胖成人心肺适能的改善作用显著优于MICT,在较高年龄群体、较长训练周期与同等训练能耗或做功量条件下,HIIT优势显著。
