Purpose: To investigate 1) the development in the incidence of ESBL-producing bacteria in hospitals and primary health care, 2) the contribution of primary health care to the incidence of ESBL-producing bacteria, and ...Purpose: To investigate 1) the development in the incidence of ESBL-producing bacteria in hospitals and primary health care, 2) the contribution of primary health care to the incidence of ESBL-producing bacteria, and 3) the development in resistance patterns for all Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in relation to antimicrobial consumption in hospitals and primary health care. Methods: ESBL-data were retrospectively collected from bacterial isolates from all specimens received at the Department of Clinical Microbiology from 2003 to 2011 together with the corresponding patient data. ESBL-production was detected in isolates from 1067 of 59,373 patients (1.8%) with an E. coli infection and in 263 of 8660 patients (3.0%) with a K. pneumoniae infection. Results: From 2003 to 2009, an increase in patients with an ESBL-producing isolate occurred in both hospitals and primary health care at the same time as an increased consumption of broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents was seen. Interventions to reduce prescription of cephalosporins and ciprofloxacin at the hospitals from 2010 resulted in a remarkable decrease in patients with ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae whereas a continuing increase was seen in patients with ESBL-producing E. coli both at hospitals and in primary health care. The proportion of patients with community-acquired ESBL-producing E. coli was stable with an increase of only 1.4% from 2007 to 2011. Conclusions: Reduction in prescription of broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents at the hospital level had an important impact on the incidence of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, but not on ESBL-producing E. coli.展开更多
This study＇s purpose is to evaluate and analyse the indoor daylight quality in Pediatrics Ward in JUH （Jordan University Hospital）. It conducts an investigative analysis associated with an evaluative approach for t...This study＇s purpose is to evaluate and analyse the indoor daylight quality in Pediatrics Ward in JUH （Jordan University Hospital）. It conducts an investigative analysis associated with an evaluative approach for the daylight situation in patient rooms in the children section. A multi-method approach used including on-site measurements, and building model to develop a framework for lighting design in Paediatrics Ward, in order to determine whether the current quality meets the recommended values for patient rooms by CIBSE or not. The study considered the following variables： the differences in daylight environments （illuminance, luminance level, daylight factor）, and the physical environment properties of patient rooms in the hospital. The study found that the indoor daylight performance in terms of illuminance, luminance level, and daylight factor in east patient rooms are higher than the recommended values by CIBSE in the area nearest to glass window at the morning and less than the recommended values in the depth of the room at afternoon. Therefore, solar reflective technologies and shading system must be provided for enhanced day lighting control, avoid excessive glare and to guarantee a good level of visual comfort for patients and staff while reducing artificial lighting demand.展开更多
文摘Purpose: To investigate 1) the development in the incidence of ESBL-producing bacteria in hospitals and primary health care, 2) the contribution of primary health care to the incidence of ESBL-producing bacteria, and 3) the development in resistance patterns for all Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in relation to antimicrobial consumption in hospitals and primary health care. Methods: ESBL-data were retrospectively collected from bacterial isolates from all specimens received at the Department of Clinical Microbiology from 2003 to 2011 together with the corresponding patient data. ESBL-production was detected in isolates from 1067 of 59,373 patients (1.8%) with an E. coli infection and in 263 of 8660 patients (3.0%) with a K. pneumoniae infection. Results: From 2003 to 2009, an increase in patients with an ESBL-producing isolate occurred in both hospitals and primary health care at the same time as an increased consumption of broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents was seen. Interventions to reduce prescription of cephalosporins and ciprofloxacin at the hospitals from 2010 resulted in a remarkable decrease in patients with ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae whereas a continuing increase was seen in patients with ESBL-producing E. coli both at hospitals and in primary health care. The proportion of patients with community-acquired ESBL-producing E. coli was stable with an increase of only 1.4% from 2007 to 2011. Conclusions: Reduction in prescription of broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents at the hospital level had an important impact on the incidence of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, but not on ESBL-producing E. coli.
文摘This study＇s purpose is to evaluate and analyse the indoor daylight quality in Pediatrics Ward in JUH （Jordan University Hospital）. It conducts an investigative analysis associated with an evaluative approach for the daylight situation in patient rooms in the children section. A multi-method approach used including on-site measurements, and building model to develop a framework for lighting design in Paediatrics Ward, in order to determine whether the current quality meets the recommended values for patient rooms by CIBSE or not. The study considered the following variables： the differences in daylight environments （illuminance, luminance level, daylight factor）, and the physical environment properties of patient rooms in the hospital. The study found that the indoor daylight performance in terms of illuminance, luminance level, and daylight factor in east patient rooms are higher than the recommended values by CIBSE in the area nearest to glass window at the morning and less than the recommended values in the depth of the room at afternoon. Therefore, solar reflective technologies and shading system must be provided for enhanced day lighting control, avoid excessive glare and to guarantee a good level of visual comfort for patients and staff while reducing artificial lighting demand.
