Safflower is a popular Chinese medicinal plant and Safflower injection is extensively used for the clinical treatment of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn was utilized to stu...Safflower is a popular Chinese medicinal plant and Safflower injection is extensively used for the clinical treatment of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn was utilized to study the stability and degradation of the two major but chemically unstable bioactive compounds hydroxysaffior yellow A and anhydrosaffior yellow B, in Safflower injection. The impact of light irradiation, temperature, and pH on the stability of these two compounds were studied. The results showed that hydroxysafflor yellow A and anhydrosafflor yellow B could degrade at high temperature （〉60 ℃） or extreme pHs （pH ≤ 3.0 or 〉7.0）, but not under light irradiation. The common degradation product was p-coumaric acid. Chemical structures of the other degradation products were characterized by LC-MS. Hypothetical degradation pathways were proposed. In addition, ADP-induced platelet aggregation tests showed that the degradation of anhydrosaffior yellow B could reduce the anticoagulation activities of Safflower injection. Our results suggest that temperature and pH are critically important for the preparation and storage of Safflower injection.展开更多
Eight new 9,10-anthraquinones(1-8)including three acetonide derivatives of 3-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-9,10-anthraquinones(68)were isolated from an ethanol extract of the roots of Knoxia valeriamoides.On the basis of ch...Eight new 9,10-anthraquinones(1-8)including three acetonide derivatives of 3-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-9,10-anthraquinones(68)were isolated from an ethanol extract of the roots of Knoxia valeriamoides.On the basis of chemical transformation reactions of the co-occurring 14 and 15 combined with HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis of the extracts,the previously and newly isolated 2-methoxymethy-and 2-ethoxymethyl-9,10-anthraquinones(4,5,and 9-13),as well as the 3-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-9,10-anthraquinone acetonide derivatives(68),were shown to be solvolytic artifacts.In the in vitro assays,compound 4 was active to protect hepatocyte(WB-F344)damage.展开更多
Suaeda fruticosa is an edible medicinal species belonging to the Amaranthaceae (Chenopodiaceae) family widely distributed in the Mediterranean regions, especially in Tunisia. This species shoots change their colour fr...Suaeda fruticosa is an edible medicinal species belonging to the Amaranthaceae (Chenopodiaceae) family widely distributed in the Mediterranean regions, especially in Tunisia. This species shoots change their colour from green to red-violet along the different seasons, being an interesting matrix to study for its chemical composition. Therefore, in a ground-breaking study, the hydromethanolic extracts of green and red-violet Tunisian S. fruticosa shoots were profiled for their individual phenolic compounds and betalains by High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with a Diode-Array Detector and Mass Spectrometry by Electrospray Ionization (HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS), and the in vitro antioxidant, antibacterial, and hepatotoxic properties were also assessed. The obtained results revealed that the hydromethanolic extracts contain interesting levels of phenolic compounds especially O-glycosylated and acylated flavonoids, while betacyanins were the main betalain compounds found. As expected, red-violet shoots were richer in phenolic compounds (45.5 ± 0.2 mg/g extract) and betalains (33.3 ± 0.2 mg/g extract) than greener shoots. Flavonoid/betalains rich extracts presented lower EC50 values for ABTS+, DPPH, and TBARS;as also lower MIC values against Gram-positive bacteria. This study showed that the wild halophyte growing in a hard environment, were drought and salinity are dominant, is an important source of flavonoids and betanin, important molecules that can find application in different industries, given the constant demands for natural bioactives and colouring compounds. Overall, these natural compounds may be valorised and further investigated to validate their potential as functional ingredients.展开更多
This work aims to elucidate the chemical constituents of Kai-Xin-San（KXS） and its metabolites in rat plasma.KXS extracts were separated on an Agilent HPLC SB-C 18 column,analyzed by ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry...This work aims to elucidate the chemical constituents of Kai-Xin-San（KXS） and its metabolites in rat plasma.KXS extracts were separated on an Agilent HPLC SB-C 18 column,analyzed by ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry and high-accuracy qTOF mass spectrometry in negative ion mode.A total of 39 compounds,including 11 ginsenosides,14 Polygala saponins,5 sucrose esters,8 oligosaccharide esters and 1 xanthone were characterized from KXS.Fifteen of them were confirmed by reference standards.No constituents were detected from Poria or Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma.After oral administration of KXS（7 g/kg）,10 ginsenosides and 18 Polygala compounds were detected in rat plasma.This study indicates that ginseng saponins,Polygala saponins and saccharide esters could be the major effective components of KXS prescription.展开更多
基金Changjiang Scholar and Innovative Research Team in University (Grant No. 985-2-063-112)Youth Research Fellowship of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Grant No. 2009A203)
文摘Safflower is a popular Chinese medicinal plant and Safflower injection is extensively used for the clinical treatment of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, HPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn was utilized to study the stability and degradation of the two major but chemically unstable bioactive compounds hydroxysaffior yellow A and anhydrosaffior yellow B, in Safflower injection. The impact of light irradiation, temperature, and pH on the stability of these two compounds were studied. The results showed that hydroxysafflor yellow A and anhydrosafflor yellow B could degrade at high temperature （〉60 ℃） or extreme pHs （pH ≤ 3.0 or 〉7.0）, but not under light irradiation. The common degradation product was p-coumaric acid. Chemical structures of the other degradation products were characterized by LC-MS. Hypothetical degradation pathways were proposed. In addition, ADP-induced platelet aggregation tests showed that the degradation of anhydrosaffior yellow B could reduce the anticoagulation activities of Safflower injection. Our results suggest that temperature and pH are critically important for the preparation and storage of Safflower injection.
基金Financial support from the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(NNSFC,grant Nos.30825044 and 20932007)the National Science and Technology Project of China(No.2009ZX09311-004)is acknowledged.
文摘Eight new 9,10-anthraquinones(1-8)including three acetonide derivatives of 3-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-9,10-anthraquinones(68)were isolated from an ethanol extract of the roots of Knoxia valeriamoides.On the basis of chemical transformation reactions of the co-occurring 14 and 15 combined with HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS analysis of the extracts,the previously and newly isolated 2-methoxymethy-and 2-ethoxymethyl-9,10-anthraquinones(4,5,and 9-13),as well as the 3-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-9,10-anthraquinone acetonide derivatives(68),were shown to be solvolytic artifacts.In the in vitro assays,compound 4 was active to protect hepatocyte(WB-F344)damage.
基金grateful to The Tunisian Ministry of High Education and research for financial support through national funds to Laboratory of Bioressources Integrative Biology and valorizatingrateful the Foundation for Science and Technology(FCT,Portugal)for financial support through national funds FCT/MCTES to CIMO(UIDB/00690/2020)and SusTEC(LA/P/0007/2021)+1 种基金the F.Mandim PhD grant(SFRH/BD/146614/2019)L.Barros,M.I.Dias,and R.Calhelha thank the national funding by FCT,P.I.,through the institutional and S.A.Heleno to the individual scientific employment program-contract,for their contracts.
文摘Suaeda fruticosa is an edible medicinal species belonging to the Amaranthaceae (Chenopodiaceae) family widely distributed in the Mediterranean regions, especially in Tunisia. This species shoots change their colour from green to red-violet along the different seasons, being an interesting matrix to study for its chemical composition. Therefore, in a ground-breaking study, the hydromethanolic extracts of green and red-violet Tunisian S. fruticosa shoots were profiled for their individual phenolic compounds and betalains by High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with a Diode-Array Detector and Mass Spectrometry by Electrospray Ionization (HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS), and the in vitro antioxidant, antibacterial, and hepatotoxic properties were also assessed. The obtained results revealed that the hydromethanolic extracts contain interesting levels of phenolic compounds especially O-glycosylated and acylated flavonoids, while betacyanins were the main betalain compounds found. As expected, red-violet shoots were richer in phenolic compounds (45.5 ± 0.2 mg/g extract) and betalains (33.3 ± 0.2 mg/g extract) than greener shoots. Flavonoid/betalains rich extracts presented lower EC50 values for ABTS+, DPPH, and TBARS;as also lower MIC values against Gram-positive bacteria. This study showed that the wild halophyte growing in a hard environment, were drought and salinity are dominant, is an important source of flavonoids and betanin, important molecules that can find application in different industries, given the constant demands for natural bioactives and colouring compounds. Overall, these natural compounds may be valorised and further investigated to validate their potential as functional ingredients.
基金National Science & Technology Mega Project forPrimary Drug Innovation from Ministry of Science and Technologyof China (Grant No. 2009ZX09502-006)
文摘This work aims to elucidate the chemical constituents of Kai-Xin-San（KXS） and its metabolites in rat plasma.KXS extracts were separated on an Agilent HPLC SB-C 18 column,analyzed by ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry and high-accuracy qTOF mass spectrometry in negative ion mode.A total of 39 compounds,including 11 ginsenosides,14 Polygala saponins,5 sucrose esters,8 oligosaccharide esters and 1 xanthone were characterized from KXS.Fifteen of them were confirmed by reference standards.No constituents were detected from Poria or Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma.After oral administration of KXS（7 g/kg）,10 ginsenosides and 18 Polygala compounds were detected in rat plasma.This study indicates that ginseng saponins,Polygala saponins and saccharide esters could be the major effective components of KXS prescription.
