In-line hydro-treatment of bio-oil vapor from fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass （hydro-pyrolysis of biomass） is studied as a method of upgrading the liquefied bio-oil for a possible precursor to green fuels....In-line hydro-treatment of bio-oil vapor from fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass （hydro-pyrolysis of biomass） is studied as a method of upgrading the liquefied bio-oil for a possible precursor to green fuels. The nobel metal （Pt） and non-noble metal catalysts （Mo2C and WC） were compared at 500 ℃ and atmospheric pressure which are same as the reaction conditions for fast pyrolysis of biomass. Results indicated that under the pyrolysis conditions, the major components, such as acids and carbonyls, of the fast pyrolysis bio-oil can be completely and partially hydrogenated to form hydrocarbons, an ideal fossil fuel blend, in the hydro-treated bio-oil. The carbide catalysts perform equally well as the Pt catalyst regarding to the aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon formation （ca. 60%）, showing the feasibility of using the cheap non-noble catalysts for hydro-pyrolysis of biomass.展开更多
In vitro characterization experiments revealed the formations of 3-(trans-2’-aminocyclopropyl)alanine((3-Acp)Ala)and 3-(trans-2’-nitrocyclopropyl)alanine((3-Ncp)Ala)are originated via two homologous proteins,BelK an...In vitro characterization experiments revealed the formations of 3-(trans-2’-aminocyclopropyl)alanine((3-Acp)Ala)and 3-(trans-2’-nitrocyclopropyl)alanine((3-Ncp)Ala)are originated via two homologous proteins,BelK and HrmI,which regioselectively catalyze the N𝜀-oxygenation of l-lysine.The two enzymes belong to the emerg-ing heme-oxygenase-like diiron oxidase and oxygenase(HDO)superfamily and the catalytic center of BelK is validated by homology modeling and site-directed mutations.Based on the in vitro characterization,the biosyn-thetic pathways of(3-Acp)Ala and(3-Ncp)Ala are proposed.展开更多
Biomass is considered the largest renewable energy source and an important alternative for biofuel production. The fast pyrolysis of biomass is an economical and advantageous to get bio-oil. However, bio-oil has a lar...Biomass is considered the largest renewable energy source and an important alternative for biofuel production. The fast pyrolysis of biomass is an economical and advantageous to get bio-oil. However, bio-oil has a large amount of oxygenated compounds and needs upgrade. The catalytic process of HDO （hydrodeoxygenation） is the most efficient way to remove oxygen from the bio-oil. In this paper, it was studied the HDO phenol （300 ℃ and 35 atm） on catalysts based on cobalt or copper oxides supported on HBeta zeolite. The catalysts were characterized by XRD （X-ray diffraction）, FTIR （infrared spectroscopy） and NH3-TPD （desorption of ammonia）. The results showed the presence of CO304 （cobalt oxide） and CuO （copper oxide）. The measurements showed the presence of acid sites weak, moderate and strong and that the impregnation of the metal oxide modifying the acidity of the support. The results showed the following order HDO conversion： CoHBeta 〉 CuHBeta 〉 HBeta. The presence of the cobalt or copper catalysts contributes to the increase in conversion due to hydrogenation. All catalysts were selective to benzene, but only the impregnated catalysts showed selectivity to cyclohexane and cyclohexene.展开更多
"H_(2)-free" HDO is a revolutionary route to circumvent the limitations of H_(2)-fed HDO reactors for biomass upgrading.This work demonstrates the viability of this economically appealing route when an adequ..."H_(2)-free" HDO is a revolutionary route to circumvent the limitations of H_(2)-fed HDO reactors for biomass upgrading.This work demonstrates the viability of this economically appealing route when an adequate catalyst is implemented.Herein,we have developed a new family of Pt catalysts supported on N-doped activated carbons for the H_(2)-free HDO process of guaiacol.Several N-donors have been used to tune the catalyst’s structural and electronic properties.As a general trend,the N-promoted samples are more selective towards oxygen-depleted products.The best performing material,namely Pt/PANI-AC reached outstanding guaiacol conversion values-ca.75% at 300℃ while displaying reasonable stability for multiple recycling operations.The advanced performance is ascribed to the modified electronic and acid-base properties which favor guaiacol activation and C-O cleavage,as well as the excellent dispersion of the Pt nano particles.展开更多
文摘In-line hydro-treatment of bio-oil vapor from fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass （hydro-pyrolysis of biomass） is studied as a method of upgrading the liquefied bio-oil for a possible precursor to green fuels. The nobel metal （Pt） and non-noble metal catalysts （Mo2C and WC） were compared at 500 ℃ and atmospheric pressure which are same as the reaction conditions for fast pyrolysis of biomass. Results indicated that under the pyrolysis conditions, the major components, such as acids and carbonyls, of the fast pyrolysis bio-oil can be completely and partially hydrogenated to form hydrocarbons, an ideal fossil fuel blend, in the hydro-treated bio-oil. The carbide catalysts perform equally well as the Pt catalyst regarding to the aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon formation （ca. 60%）, showing the feasibility of using the cheap non-noble catalysts for hydro-pyrolysis of biomass.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFA0905700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21907057,32070060)+3 种基金the Shan-dong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(ZR2019JQ11,ZR2019ZD18)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(BK20190201)the 111 project(B16030),the Youth Interdisci-plinary Innovative Research Group(2020QNQT009)the Future Plan for Young Scholars,and the Fundamental Research Funds(2019GN032)of Shandong University.
文摘In vitro characterization experiments revealed the formations of 3-(trans-2’-aminocyclopropyl)alanine((3-Acp)Ala)and 3-(trans-2’-nitrocyclopropyl)alanine((3-Ncp)Ala)are originated via two homologous proteins,BelK and HrmI,which regioselectively catalyze the N𝜀-oxygenation of l-lysine.The two enzymes belong to the emerg-ing heme-oxygenase-like diiron oxidase and oxygenase(HDO)superfamily and the catalytic center of BelK is validated by homology modeling and site-directed mutations.Based on the in vitro characterization,the biosyn-thetic pathways of(3-Acp)Ala and(3-Ncp)Ala are proposed.
文摘Biomass is considered the largest renewable energy source and an important alternative for biofuel production. The fast pyrolysis of biomass is an economical and advantageous to get bio-oil. However, bio-oil has a large amount of oxygenated compounds and needs upgrade. The catalytic process of HDO （hydrodeoxygenation） is the most efficient way to remove oxygen from the bio-oil. In this paper, it was studied the HDO phenol （300 ℃ and 35 atm） on catalysts based on cobalt or copper oxides supported on HBeta zeolite. The catalysts were characterized by XRD （X-ray diffraction）, FTIR （infrared spectroscopy） and NH3-TPD （desorption of ammonia）. The results showed the presence of CO304 （cobalt oxide） and CuO （copper oxide）. The measurements showed the presence of acid sites weak, moderate and strong and that the impregnation of the metal oxide modifying the acidity of the support. The results showed the following order HDO conversion： CoHBeta 〉 CuHBeta 〉 HBeta. The presence of the cobalt or copper catalysts contributes to the increase in conversion due to hydrogenation. All catalysts were selective to benzene, but only the impregnated catalysts showed selectivity to cyclohexane and cyclohexene.
基金provided by the Department of Chemical and Process Engineering at the University of Surrey and the EPSRC grant EP/R512904/1the Royal Society Research Grant RSGR1180353financial support from Ministerio de Economía,Industria y Competitividad(Spain)through project MAT2016-80285-P。
文摘"H_(2)-free" HDO is a revolutionary route to circumvent the limitations of H_(2)-fed HDO reactors for biomass upgrading.This work demonstrates the viability of this economically appealing route when an adequate catalyst is implemented.Herein,we have developed a new family of Pt catalysts supported on N-doped activated carbons for the H_(2)-free HDO process of guaiacol.Several N-donors have been used to tune the catalyst’s structural and electronic properties.As a general trend,the N-promoted samples are more selective towards oxygen-depleted products.The best performing material,namely Pt/PANI-AC reached outstanding guaiacol conversion values-ca.75% at 300℃ while displaying reasonable stability for multiple recycling operations.The advanced performance is ascribed to the modified electronic and acid-base properties which favor guaiacol activation and C-O cleavage,as well as the excellent dispersion of the Pt nano particles.
