From pregnancy to parturition, Sprague-Dawley rats were daily administered a low protein diet to establish a model of intrauterine growth restriction. From the 12th day of pregnancy, 300 mg/kg taurine was daily added ...From pregnancy to parturition, Sprague-Dawley rats were daily administered a low protein diet to establish a model of intrauterine growth restriction. From the 12th day of pregnancy, 300 mg/kg taurine was daily added to food until spontaneous delivery occurred. Brain tissues from normal neonatal rats at 6 hours after delivery, neonatal rats with intrauterine growth restriction, and neo- natal rats with intrauterine growth restriction undergoing taurine supplement were obtained for fur- ther experiments. The terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase （TdT）-mediated biotin-16-dUTP nick-end labeling assay revealed that the number of apoptotic cells in the brain tissue of neonatal rats with intrauterine growth restriction significantly increased. Taurine supplement in pregnant rats reduced cell apoptosis in brain tissue from neonatal rats with intrauterine growth restriction. Immu- nohistochemical staining revealed that taurine supplement increased glial cell line-derived neuro- trophic factor expression and decreased caspase-3 expression in the cerebral cortex of intrauterine growth-restricted fetal rats. These results indicate that taurine supplement reduces cell apoptosis through the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-caspase-3 signaling pathway, resulting in a protective effect on the intrauterine growth-restricted fetal rat brain.展开更多
目的探讨Ⅲ度羊水污染对新生儿神经系统的影响。方法胎儿宫内窘迫患儿44例,其中Ⅲ度羊水污染20例作为观察组,其余24例患儿为对照组,2组患儿出生后1 min5、min、10 min给予Apgar评分;生后72 h行头颅CT检查;生后第3天、第14天行新生儿神...目的探讨Ⅲ度羊水污染对新生儿神经系统的影响。方法胎儿宫内窘迫患儿44例,其中Ⅲ度羊水污染20例作为观察组,其余24例患儿为对照组,2组患儿出生后1 min5、min、10 min给予Apgar评分;生后72 h行头颅CT检查;生后第3天、第14天行新生儿神经行为测定(NBNA)。结果观察组1 min Apgar评分、第3天NBNA评分明显低于对照组(t=-2.55,P=0.02;t=-2.31,P=0.03),5 min Apgar评分、10 min Apgar评分、第14天NBNA差异无统计学意义(t=1.45,P=0.16;t=0.04,P=0.97;t=-0.61,P=0.55)。观察组窒息率明显高于对照组(2χ=4.14,P=0.04),头颅CT异常率高于对照组(χ2=4.40,P=0.04),观察组在行为能力方面明显低于对照组(t=-2.31,P=0.03)。结论Ⅲ度羊水污染新生儿窒息明显高于其他胎儿窘迫患儿,脑损伤发生率高,早期护脑干预可减轻脑损伤程度。展开更多
In this study, we hypothesized that an increase in integrin αβand its co-activator vascular endothelial growth factor play important neuroprotective roles in ischemic injury. We performed ischemic preconditioning wi...In this study, we hypothesized that an increase in integrin αβand its co-activator vascular endothelial growth factor play important neuroprotective roles in ischemic injury. We performed ischemic preconditioning with bilateral common carotid artery occlusion for 5 minutes in C57BL/6J mice. This was followed by ischemic injury with bilateral common carotid artery occlusion for 30 minutes. The time interval between ischemic preconditioning and lethal ischemia was 48 hours. Histopathological analysis showed that ischemic preconditioning substantially diminished damage to neurons in the hippocampus 7 days after ischemia. Evans Blue dye assay showed that ischemic preconditioning reduced damage to the blood-brain barrier 24 hours after ischemia. This demonstrates the neuroprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning. Western blot assay revealed a significant reduction in protein levels of integrin αβ, vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor in mice given ischemic preconditioning compared with mice not given ischemic preconditioning 24 hours after ischemia. These findings suggest that the neuroprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning is associated with lower integrin αβand vascular endothelial growth factor levels in the brain following ischemia.展开更多
Application of modern magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) techniques to the live fetus in utero is a relatively recent endeavor. The relative advantages and disadvantages of clinical MRI relative to the widely used and ac...Application of modern magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) techniques to the live fetus in utero is a relatively recent endeavor. The relative advantages and disadvantages of clinical MRI relative to the widely used and accepted ultrasonographic approach are the subject of a continuing debate; however the focus of this review is on the even younger field of quantitative MRI as applied to non-invasive studies of fetal brain development. The techniques covered under this header include structural MRI when followed by quan-titative(e.g., volumetric) analysis, as well as quantita-tive analyses of diffusion weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy and functional MRI. The majority of the published work re-viewed here reflects information gathered from normal fetuses scanned during the 3rd trimester, with relatively smaller number of studies of pathological samples including common congenital pathologies such as ven-triculomegaly and viral infection.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81170577
文摘From pregnancy to parturition, Sprague-Dawley rats were daily administered a low protein diet to establish a model of intrauterine growth restriction. From the 12th day of pregnancy, 300 mg/kg taurine was daily added to food until spontaneous delivery occurred. Brain tissues from normal neonatal rats at 6 hours after delivery, neonatal rats with intrauterine growth restriction, and neo- natal rats with intrauterine growth restriction undergoing taurine supplement were obtained for fur- ther experiments. The terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase （TdT）-mediated biotin-16-dUTP nick-end labeling assay revealed that the number of apoptotic cells in the brain tissue of neonatal rats with intrauterine growth restriction significantly increased. Taurine supplement in pregnant rats reduced cell apoptosis in brain tissue from neonatal rats with intrauterine growth restriction. Immu- nohistochemical staining revealed that taurine supplement increased glial cell line-derived neuro- trophic factor expression and decreased caspase-3 expression in the cerebral cortex of intrauterine growth-restricted fetal rats. These results indicate that taurine supplement reduces cell apoptosis through the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-caspase-3 signaling pathway, resulting in a protective effect on the intrauterine growth-restricted fetal rat brain.
文摘目的探讨Ⅲ度羊水污染对新生儿神经系统的影响。方法胎儿宫内窘迫患儿44例,其中Ⅲ度羊水污染20例作为观察组,其余24例患儿为对照组,2组患儿出生后1 min5、min、10 min给予Apgar评分;生后72 h行头颅CT检查;生后第3天、第14天行新生儿神经行为测定(NBNA)。结果观察组1 min Apgar评分、第3天NBNA评分明显低于对照组(t=-2.55,P=0.02;t=-2.31,P=0.03),5 min Apgar评分、10 min Apgar评分、第14天NBNA差异无统计学意义(t=1.45,P=0.16;t=0.04,P=0.97;t=-0.61,P=0.55)。观察组窒息率明显高于对照组(2χ=4.14,P=0.04),头颅CT异常率高于对照组(χ2=4.40,P=0.04),观察组在行为能力方面明显低于对照组(t=-2.31,P=0.03)。结论Ⅲ度羊水污染新生儿窒息明显高于其他胎儿窘迫患儿,脑损伤发生率高,早期护脑干预可减轻脑损伤程度。
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81071068the Israel Science Foundation-the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Joint Program),No.813111290the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province in China,No.2014A030313172
文摘In this study, we hypothesized that an increase in integrin αβand its co-activator vascular endothelial growth factor play important neuroprotective roles in ischemic injury. We performed ischemic preconditioning with bilateral common carotid artery occlusion for 5 minutes in C57BL/6J mice. This was followed by ischemic injury with bilateral common carotid artery occlusion for 30 minutes. The time interval between ischemic preconditioning and lethal ischemia was 48 hours. Histopathological analysis showed that ischemic preconditioning substantially diminished damage to neurons in the hippocampus 7 days after ischemia. Evans Blue dye assay showed that ischemic preconditioning reduced damage to the blood-brain barrier 24 hours after ischemia. This demonstrates the neuroprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning. Western blot assay revealed a significant reduction in protein levels of integrin αβ, vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor in mice given ischemic preconditioning compared with mice not given ischemic preconditioning 24 hours after ischemia. These findings suggest that the neuroprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning is associated with lower integrin αβand vascular endothelial growth factor levels in the brain following ischemia.
文摘Application of modern magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) techniques to the live fetus in utero is a relatively recent endeavor. The relative advantages and disadvantages of clinical MRI relative to the widely used and accepted ultrasonographic approach are the subject of a continuing debate; however the focus of this review is on the even younger field of quantitative MRI as applied to non-invasive studies of fetal brain development. The techniques covered under this header include structural MRI when followed by quan-titative(e.g., volumetric) analysis, as well as quantita-tive analyses of diffusion weighted imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy and functional MRI. The majority of the published work re-viewed here reflects information gathered from normal fetuses scanned during the 3rd trimester, with relatively smaller number of studies of pathological samples including common congenital pathologies such as ven-triculomegaly and viral infection.
