Deeply subwavelength lasers(or nanolasers)are highly demanded for compact on-chip bioimaging and sensing at the nanoscale.One of the main obstacles for the development of single-particle nanolasers with all three dime...Deeply subwavelength lasers(or nanolasers)are highly demanded for compact on-chip bioimaging and sensing at the nanoscale.One of the main obstacles for the development of single-particle nanolasers with all three dimensions shorter than the emitting wavelength in the visible range is the high lasing thresholds and the resulting overheating.Here we ex-ploit exciton-polariton condensation and mirror-image Mie modes in a cuboid CsPbBr3 nanoparticle to achieve coherent emission at the visible wavelength of around 0.53μm from its ultra-small(≈0.007μm3 or≈λ3/20)semiconductor nanocav-ity.The polaritonic nature of the emission from the nanocavity localized in all three dimensions is proven by direct com-parison with corresponding one-dimensional and two-dimensional waveguiding systems with similar material parameters.Such a deeply subwavelength nanolaser is enabled not only by the high values for exciton binding energy(≈35 meV),re-fractive index(>2.5 at low temperature),and luminescence quantum yield of CsPbBr3,but also by the optimization of po-laritons condensation on the Mie resonances with quality factors improved by the metallic substrate.Moreover,the key parameters for optimal lasing conditions are intermode free spectral range and phonons spectrum in CsPbBr3,which govern polaritons condensation path.Such chemically synthesized colloidal CsPbBr3 nanolasers can be potentially de-posited on arbitrary surfaces,which makes them a versatile tool for integration with various on-chip systems.展开更多
The scope of the study is the spectra of low-temperature (T = 2K) photoluminescence of a p-CdTe/n-CdS film heterostructure comprising a monolayer of CdTe microcrystals, where a single microcrystalline particle is typi...The scope of the study is the spectra of low-temperature (T = 2K) photoluminescence of a p-CdTe/n-CdS film heterostructure comprising a monolayer of CdTe microcrystals, where a single microcrystalline particle is typically one micron in size. Focus is made on the dominant band of “super-hot” emission appearing in the spectral region located in energy above the fundamental absorption edge of a CdTe bulk crystal. A theoretical model has been developed that assumes the existence of a space-charge layer inside a microcrystal, which leads to the formation of a triangular potential well for an electron near the surface. The anomalous emission band arises as a result of the optical transitions of electrons from near-surface levels of spatial quantization to valence band states.展开更多
In this paper,we report the exciton polaritons in both positive and negative detuning micro cavities based on InGaN multi-quantum wells(MQWs)and the first polariton lasing in InGaN/GaN MQWs at room temperature by util...In this paper,we report the exciton polaritons in both positive and negative detuning micro cavities based on InGaN multi-quantum wells(MQWs)and the first polariton lasing in InGaN/GaN MQWs at room temperature by utilizing a 4.5λFabry-Perot(F-P)cavity with double dielectric distributed Bragg reflectors(DBRs).Double thresholds corresponding respectively to polariton lasing and photonic lasing are observed along with half-width narrowing and peak blue-shifts.The threshold of polariton lasing is about half of the threshold of photonic lasing.Our results paved a substantial way for ultra-low threshold lasers and room temperature Bose-Einstein Condensate(BEC)in nitride semiconductors.展开更多
Moirématerials,composed of two single-layer two-dimensional semiconductors,are important because they are good platforms for studying strongly correlated physics.Among them,moirématerials based on transition...Moirématerials,composed of two single-layer two-dimensional semiconductors,are important because they are good platforms for studying strongly correlated physics.Among them,moirématerials based on transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)have been intensively studied.The hetero-bilayer can support moiréinterlayer excitons if there is a small twist angle or small lattice constant difference between the TMDs in the hetero-bilayer and form a type-Ⅱ band alignment.The coupling of moiréinterlayer excitons to cavity modes can induce exotic phenomena.Here,we review recent advances in the coupling of moiréinterlayer excitons to cavities,and comment on the current difficulties and possible future research directions in this field.展开更多
In one-dimensional incoherent pumped exciton-polariton condensates,we realize the generation and control of supersonic shock waves.By choosing a suitable initial input wave,we obtain the region of existence of various...In one-dimensional incoherent pumped exciton-polariton condensates,we realize the generation and control of supersonic shock waves.By choosing a suitable initial input wave,we obtain the region of existence of various shock waves as a function of the phase of the initial wave,the coefficient of polariton interaction,the coefficient of the interaction between polariton and reservoir and the condensation rate and intensity of pumping.Using these results,we discuss the effect of different parameters on shock waves composed of two shock waves,and find that the gain and loss will result in a sloping platform between two waves.In addition,we also consider the effect of the non-adiabatic approximation and the diffusion coefficient of the reservoir on the profiles of the shock waves.We find that the non-adiabatic approximation will result in some small oscillations on the uniform background,and the platform between two waves becomes flat;however,the diffusion effect of the reservoir will clear these small oscillations and tilt the platform.Our results may pave the way to control shock waves in an incoherent pumped exciton-polariton system.展开更多
The low-temperature (T = 2 K) exciton-polariton luminescence (EPL) spectra in the vicinity of the exciton-resonance frequency An=1 for CdS-type crystals have been theoretically and experimentally investigated with all...The low-temperature (T = 2 K) exciton-polariton luminescence (EPL) spectra in the vicinity of the exciton-resonance frequency An=1 for CdS-type crystals have been theoretically and experimentally investigated with allowance for the mechanical exciton decay . The results of the numerical calculations of the partial and interference contributions of the bulk and radiative surface spectral modes to the EPL in the geometry of additional s- and p-polarized waves emitted into vacuum are analyzed. It is shown that the contributions of purely longitudinal excitons and their interference with polaritons of the upper dispersion branch near the longitudinal frequency ωL to the EPL are small (∼10% - 30%);nevertheless, they must be taken into account to obtain quantitative agreement with experimental data. Specifically these contributions are responsible for the formation of an additional line (along with the fundamental AT line) in the case of oblique incidence of radiation.展开更多
The quantum features of the temporal photon statistics of an exciton-cavity coupled system in a quantum-well semiconductor microcavity are investigated analytically. Under the secular approximation, if the nonlinear i...The quantum features of the temporal photon statistics of an exciton-cavity coupled system in a quantum-well semiconductor microcavity are investigated analytically. Under the secular approximation, if the nonlinear interactions, i.e. the exciton-exciton coupling and the phase-space filling, are much weaker than the exciton-photon interaction, the evolution of the Fano factor shows that the distribution of the photon numbers exhibits the feature of collapses-revivals （CRs）, and the relevant revival time may be adjusted by several factors such as the total particle number, the detuning, and the nonlinear coupling strengths, etc. Especially, the ideal maximum antibunching with the minimum value 0 of the Fano factor occurs periodically for such a situation, with the dissipation of exciton-polariton being ignored.展开更多
Light-matter interactions in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)are sensitive to the surrounding dielectric environment.Depending on the interacting strength,weak and strong exciton–photon coupling...Light-matter interactions in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)are sensitive to the surrounding dielectric environment.Depending on the interacting strength,weak and strong exciton–photon coupling effects can occur when the exciton energy is resonant with the one of photon.Here we report angle-resolved spectroscopic signatures of monolayer tungsten disulfide(1L-WS2)in weak and strong exciton–photon coupling environments.Inherent optical response of 1L-WS_(2)in the momentum space is uncovered by employing a dielectric mirror as substrate,where the energy dispersion is angleindependent while the amplitudes increase at high detection angles.When 1L-WS_(2)sits on top of a dielectric layer on silicon,the resonant trapped photon weakly couples with the exciton,in which the minimum of reflection dip shifts at both sides of the crossing angle while the emitted exciton energy remains unchanged.The unusual shift of reflection dip is attributed to the presence of Fano resonance under white-light illumination.By embedding 1L-WS_(2)into a dielectric microcavity,strong exciton–photon coupling results in the formation of lower and upper polariton branches with an appreciable Rabi splitting of 34 meV at room temperature,where the observed blueshift of the lower polariton branch is indicative of the enhanced polaritonpolariton scattering.Our findings highlight the effect of dielectric environment on angle-resolved optical response of exciton–photon interactions in a two-dimensional semiconductor,which is helpful to develop practical TMD-based architectures for photonic and polaritonic applications.展开更多
Exciton-polaritons offer an exceptional platform for future photoelectronic and quantum information applications. The influence of the optical Stark effect on exciton-polaritons in a microcavity embodied with a monola...Exciton-polaritons offer an exceptional platform for future photoelectronic and quantum information applications. The influence of the optical Stark effect on exciton-polaritons in a microcavity embodied with a monolayer WS2 is studied. A polarization dependent model is proposed to study the change of strongly coupled excitons and photons in a WS2 microcavity. It is revealed through both steady and dynamical states analysis that an outside optical Stark pulse can effectively vary the polariton characteristics, such as dispersion, exciton, and photon fractions, through blue shifting of excitonic resonance. Thus, the analysis and control of exciton-polaritons in a WS2 microcavity via a spin-selective trigger could be achievable.展开更多
Strongly bound excitons in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides offer many opportunities to reveal the underlying physics of basic quasiparticles and many-body effects in the two-dimensional(2D)limit.Compr...Strongly bound excitons in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides offer many opportunities to reveal the underlying physics of basic quasiparticles and many-body effects in the two-dimensional(2D)limit.Comprehensive reflection investigation on band-edge exciton transitions is essential to exploring wealthy light–matter interactions in the emerging 2D semiconductors,whereas angle-resolved reflection(ARR)characteristics of intralayer and interlayer excitons in 2D MoS_(2)layers remain unclear.Herein,we report ARR spectroscopic features of A,B,interlayer excitons in monolayer(ML)and bilayer(BL)MoS_(2)on three kinds of photonic substrates,involving distinct exciton–photon interactions.In a BL MoS_(2)on a protected silver mirror,the interlayer exciton with one-third amplitude of A exciton appears at 0.05 eV above the A exciton energy,exhibiting an angleinsensitive energy dispersion.When ML and BL MoS_(2)lie on a SiO_(2)-covered silicon,the broad trapped-photon mode weakly couples with the reflection bands of A and B excitons by the Fano resonance effect,causing the asymmetric lineshapes and the redshifted energies.After transferring MoS_(2)layers onto a one-dimensional photonic crystal,two high-lying branches of B-exciton polaritons are formed by the interactions between B excitons and Bragg photons,beyond the weak-coupling regime.This work provides ARR spectral benchmarks of A,B,interlayer excitons in ML and BL MoS_(2),gaining insights into the interpretation of light–matter interactions in 2D semiconductors and the design of their devices for practical photonic applications.展开更多
We investigate the transfer of phosphorescent energy between co-assembled metallophosphors in crystalline nanostructures [Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 57 7820(2018) and J. Am. Chem. Soc. 140 4269(2018)]. Neither Dexter's...We investigate the transfer of phosphorescent energy between co-assembled metallophosphors in crystalline nanostructures [Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 57 7820(2018) and J. Am. Chem. Soc. 140 4269(2018)]. Neither Dexter's nor Forster's mechanism of resonance energy transfer(RET) could account fully for the observed rates, which exceed 85% with significant temperature dependence. But there exists an alternative pathway on RET mediated by intermediate states of resonantly confined exciton–polaritons. Such a mechanism was used to analyze artificial photosynthesis in organic fluorescents [Phys.Rev. Lett. 122 257402(2019)]. For metallophosphors, the confined modes act as extended states lying between the molecular S_(1) and T_(1) states, offering a bridge for the long-lived T_(1) excitons to migrate from donors to acceptors. Population dynamics with parameters taken entirely based on experiments fits the observed lifetimes of phosphorescence across a broad range of doping and temperature.展开更多
基金supported by the Federal Program'Priority 2030'and NSFC(Project 62350610272)A.K.Samusev acknowledges Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft-project No.529710370。
文摘Deeply subwavelength lasers(or nanolasers)are highly demanded for compact on-chip bioimaging and sensing at the nanoscale.One of the main obstacles for the development of single-particle nanolasers with all three dimensions shorter than the emitting wavelength in the visible range is the high lasing thresholds and the resulting overheating.Here we ex-ploit exciton-polariton condensation and mirror-image Mie modes in a cuboid CsPbBr3 nanoparticle to achieve coherent emission at the visible wavelength of around 0.53μm from its ultra-small(≈0.007μm3 or≈λ3/20)semiconductor nanocav-ity.The polaritonic nature of the emission from the nanocavity localized in all three dimensions is proven by direct com-parison with corresponding one-dimensional and two-dimensional waveguiding systems with similar material parameters.Such a deeply subwavelength nanolaser is enabled not only by the high values for exciton binding energy(≈35 meV),re-fractive index(>2.5 at low temperature),and luminescence quantum yield of CsPbBr3,but also by the optimization of po-laritons condensation on the Mie resonances with quality factors improved by the metallic substrate.Moreover,the key parameters for optimal lasing conditions are intermode free spectral range and phonons spectrum in CsPbBr3,which govern polaritons condensation path.Such chemically synthesized colloidal CsPbBr3 nanolasers can be potentially de-posited on arbitrary surfaces,which makes them a versatile tool for integration with various on-chip systems.
文摘The scope of the study is the spectra of low-temperature (T = 2K) photoluminescence of a p-CdTe/n-CdS film heterostructure comprising a monolayer of CdTe microcrystals, where a single microcrystalline particle is typically one micron in size. Focus is made on the dominant band of “super-hot” emission appearing in the spectral region located in energy above the fundamental absorption edge of a CdTe bulk crystal. A theoretical model has been developed that assumes the existence of a space-charge layer inside a microcrystal, which leads to the formation of a triangular potential well for an electron near the surface. The anomalous emission band arises as a result of the optical transitions of electrons from near-surface levels of spatial quantization to valence band states.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFB0400803)the Science Challenge Project(No.TZ2016003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61704140,U1505253).
文摘In this paper,we report the exciton polaritons in both positive and negative detuning micro cavities based on InGaN multi-quantum wells(MQWs)and the first polariton lasing in InGaN/GaN MQWs at room temperature by utilizing a 4.5λFabry-Perot(F-P)cavity with double dielectric distributed Bragg reflectors(DBRs).Double thresholds corresponding respectively to polariton lasing and photonic lasing are observed along with half-width narrowing and peak blue-shifts.The threshold of polariton lasing is about half of the threshold of photonic lasing.Our results paved a substantial way for ultra-low threshold lasers and room temperature Bose-Einstein Condensate(BEC)in nitride semiconductors.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFA036900)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.JQ21018)。
文摘Moirématerials,composed of two single-layer two-dimensional semiconductors,are important because they are good platforms for studying strongly correlated physics.Among them,moirématerials based on transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)have been intensively studied.The hetero-bilayer can support moiréinterlayer excitons if there is a small twist angle or small lattice constant difference between the TMDs in the hetero-bilayer and form a type-Ⅱ band alignment.The coupling of moiréinterlayer excitons to cavity modes can induce exotic phenomena.Here,we review recent advances in the coupling of moiréinterlayer excitons to cavities,and comment on the current difficulties and possible future research directions in this field.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China(Grant No.LZ22A050002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11835011&12074343)
文摘In one-dimensional incoherent pumped exciton-polariton condensates,we realize the generation and control of supersonic shock waves.By choosing a suitable initial input wave,we obtain the region of existence of various shock waves as a function of the phase of the initial wave,the coefficient of polariton interaction,the coefficient of the interaction between polariton and reservoir and the condensation rate and intensity of pumping.Using these results,we discuss the effect of different parameters on shock waves composed of two shock waves,and find that the gain and loss will result in a sloping platform between two waves.In addition,we also consider the effect of the non-adiabatic approximation and the diffusion coefficient of the reservoir on the profiles of the shock waves.We find that the non-adiabatic approximation will result in some small oscillations on the uniform background,and the platform between two waves becomes flat;however,the diffusion effect of the reservoir will clear these small oscillations and tilt the platform.Our results may pave the way to control shock waves in an incoherent pumped exciton-polariton system.
文摘The low-temperature (T = 2 K) exciton-polariton luminescence (EPL) spectra in the vicinity of the exciton-resonance frequency An=1 for CdS-type crystals have been theoretically and experimentally investigated with allowance for the mechanical exciton decay . The results of the numerical calculations of the partial and interference contributions of the bulk and radiative surface spectral modes to the EPL in the geometry of additional s- and p-polarized waves emitted into vacuum are analyzed. It is shown that the contributions of purely longitudinal excitons and their interference with polaritons of the upper dispersion branch near the longitudinal frequency ωL to the EPL are small (∼10% - 30%);nevertheless, they must be taken into account to obtain quantitative agreement with experimental data. Specifically these contributions are responsible for the formation of an additional line (along with the fundamental AT line) in the case of oblique incidence of radiation.
文摘The quantum features of the temporal photon statistics of an exciton-cavity coupled system in a quantum-well semiconductor microcavity are investigated analytically. Under the secular approximation, if the nonlinear interactions, i.e. the exciton-exciton coupling and the phase-space filling, are much weaker than the exciton-photon interaction, the evolution of the Fano factor shows that the distribution of the photon numbers exhibits the feature of collapses-revivals （CRs）, and the relevant revival time may be adjusted by several factors such as the total particle number, the detuning, and the nonlinear coupling strengths, etc. Especially, the ideal maximum antibunching with the minimum value 0 of the Fano factor occurs periodically for such a situation, with the dissipation of exciton-polariton being ignored.
基金support of the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61904151)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi(No.2020JM-108)+2 种基金the Joint Research Funds of the Department of Science&Technology of Shaanxi Province and Northwestern Polytechnical University(No.2020GXLH-Z-020)T.Y thanks the support of the Singapore National Research Foundation(NRF)under the Competitive Research Programs(No.NRF-CRP-21-2018-0007)X.W.Z.thanks the support of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12174422).
文摘Light-matter interactions in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)are sensitive to the surrounding dielectric environment.Depending on the interacting strength,weak and strong exciton–photon coupling effects can occur when the exciton energy is resonant with the one of photon.Here we report angle-resolved spectroscopic signatures of monolayer tungsten disulfide(1L-WS2)in weak and strong exciton–photon coupling environments.Inherent optical response of 1L-WS_(2)in the momentum space is uncovered by employing a dielectric mirror as substrate,where the energy dispersion is angleindependent while the amplitudes increase at high detection angles.When 1L-WS_(2)sits on top of a dielectric layer on silicon,the resonant trapped photon weakly couples with the exciton,in which the minimum of reflection dip shifts at both sides of the crossing angle while the emitted exciton energy remains unchanged.The unusual shift of reflection dip is attributed to the presence of Fano resonance under white-light illumination.By embedding 1L-WS_(2)into a dielectric microcavity,strong exciton–photon coupling results in the formation of lower and upper polariton branches with an appreciable Rabi splitting of 34 meV at room temperature,where the observed blueshift of the lower polariton branch is indicative of the enhanced polaritonpolariton scattering.Our findings highlight the effect of dielectric environment on angle-resolved optical response of exciton–photon interactions in a two-dimensional semiconductor,which is helpful to develop practical TMD-based architectures for photonic and polaritonic applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.61811530062and 61575040)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2018HH0148)
文摘Exciton-polaritons offer an exceptional platform for future photoelectronic and quantum information applications. The influence of the optical Stark effect on exciton-polaritons in a microcavity embodied with a monolayer WS2 is studied. A polarization dependent model is proposed to study the change of strongly coupled excitons and photons in a WS2 microcavity. It is revealed through both steady and dynamical states analysis that an outside optical Stark pulse can effectively vary the polariton characteristics, such as dispersion, exciton, and photon fractions, through blue shifting of excitonic resonance. Thus, the analysis and control of exciton-polaritons in a WS2 microcavity via a spin-selective trigger could be achievable.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61904151)the Joint Research Funds of the Department of Science&Technology of Shaanxi Province and Northwestern Polytechnical University(No.2020GXLH-Z-020)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China,the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFA1200800)the Start-up Funds of Wuhan University.
文摘Strongly bound excitons in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides offer many opportunities to reveal the underlying physics of basic quasiparticles and many-body effects in the two-dimensional(2D)limit.Comprehensive reflection investigation on band-edge exciton transitions is essential to exploring wealthy light–matter interactions in the emerging 2D semiconductors,whereas angle-resolved reflection(ARR)characteristics of intralayer and interlayer excitons in 2D MoS_(2)layers remain unclear.Herein,we report ARR spectroscopic features of A,B,interlayer excitons in monolayer(ML)and bilayer(BL)MoS_(2)on three kinds of photonic substrates,involving distinct exciton–photon interactions.In a BL MoS_(2)on a protected silver mirror,the interlayer exciton with one-third amplitude of A exciton appears at 0.05 eV above the A exciton energy,exhibiting an angleinsensitive energy dispersion.When ML and BL MoS_(2)lie on a SiO_(2)-covered silicon,the broad trapped-photon mode weakly couples with the reflection bands of A and B excitons by the Fano resonance effect,causing the asymmetric lineshapes and the redshifted energies.After transferring MoS_(2)layers onto a one-dimensional photonic crystal,two high-lying branches of B-exciton polaritons are formed by the interactions between B excitons and Bragg photons,beyond the weak-coupling regime.This work provides ARR spectral benchmarks of A,B,interlayer excitons in ML and BL MoS_(2),gaining insights into the interpretation of light–matter interactions in 2D semiconductors and the design of their devices for practical photonic applications.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 16Z103060007) (PA)。
文摘We investigate the transfer of phosphorescent energy between co-assembled metallophosphors in crystalline nanostructures [Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 57 7820(2018) and J. Am. Chem. Soc. 140 4269(2018)]. Neither Dexter's nor Forster's mechanism of resonance energy transfer(RET) could account fully for the observed rates, which exceed 85% with significant temperature dependence. But there exists an alternative pathway on RET mediated by intermediate states of resonantly confined exciton–polaritons. Such a mechanism was used to analyze artificial photosynthesis in organic fluorescents [Phys.Rev. Lett. 122 257402(2019)]. For metallophosphors, the confined modes act as extended states lying between the molecular S_(1) and T_(1) states, offering a bridge for the long-lived T_(1) excitons to migrate from donors to acceptors. Population dynamics with parameters taken entirely based on experiments fits the observed lifetimes of phosphorescence across a broad range of doping and temperature.
