The effect of H2S concentration on H2S/CO2 corrosion of API-X60 steel was studied by scanning electron microscopy, a weight-loss method, potentiodynamic polarization tests, and the electrochemical impedance spectrosco...The effect of H2S concentration on H2S/CO2 corrosion of API-X60 steel was studied by scanning electron microscopy, a weight-loss method, potentiodynamic polarization tests, and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique. It is found that the cor-rosion process of the steel in an environment where H2S and CO2 coexist at different H2S concentrations is related to the morphological structure and stability of the corrosion product film. With the addition of a small amount of H2S, the size of the anode reaction region is de-creased due to constant adsorption and separation of more FeS sediment or more FeHS＋ions on the surface of the steel. Meanwhile, the dou-ble-layer capacitance is diminished with increasing anion adsorption capacity. Therefore, the corrosion process is inhibited. The general cor-rosion rate of the steel rapidly decreases after the addition of a small amount of H2S under the coexistence of H2S and CO2. With a further increase in H2S concentration, certain parts of the corrosion product film become loose and even fall off. Thus, the protection provided by the corrosion product film worsens, and the corrosion rate tends to increase.展开更多
The welded joints of 3Cr pipeline steel were fabricated with commercial welding wire using the gas tungsten arc welding （GTAW） technique. Potentiodynamic polarization curves, linear polarization resistance （LPR）, ...The welded joints of 3Cr pipeline steel were fabricated with commercial welding wire using the gas tungsten arc welding （GTAW） technique. Potentiodynamic polarization curves, linear polarization resistance （LPR）, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS）, scan- ning electron microscopy （SEM）, and energy-dispersive spectrometry （EDS） were used to investigate the corrosion resistance and the growth of a corrosion film on the weld zone （WZ）. The changes in electrochemical characteristics of the film were obtained through fitting of the EIS data. The results showed that the average corrosion rate of the WZ in CO2 environments first increased, then fluctuated, and finally de- creased gradually. The formation of the film on the WZ was divided into three stages： dynamic adsorption, incomplete-coverage layer forma- tion, and integral layer formation.展开更多
从活性污泥中筛选出具有电化学活性的微生物,与电化学系统结合还原CO_2合成甲酸和乙酸。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、PCR和16S r DNA检测菌种,并命名为Clostridium. sp. S。循环伏安扫描(CV)测试菌种具有电化学活性,在-500 m V出现CO_2还原峰。...从活性污泥中筛选出具有电化学活性的微生物,与电化学系统结合还原CO_2合成甲酸和乙酸。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、PCR和16S r DNA检测菌种,并命名为Clostridium. sp. S。循环伏安扫描(CV)测试菌种具有电化学活性,在-500 m V出现CO_2还原峰。设定阴极电势-900 m V,反应对微生物代谢产生的氢气利用率达到81. 8%,甲酸最大累积浓度为4. 8 mmol/L,乙酸最大累积浓度为7. 76 mmol/L,总库伦效率最大为95. 41%。表明在微生物电化学系统中,生物阴极可以将CO_2还原为多种有机物,确定菌种通过电极直接传递和氢气传递两种方式获得电子,为进一步研究微生物电合成技术提供参考。展开更多
将二氧化碳电化学还原为一氧化碳是一种实现碳循环和利用的有效途径。为了利用大量过剩的二氧化碳资源,本文制备了一种简单合成的电催化剂,以生物质壳聚糖为前体制备了含氮多孔碳基底,嵌入均匀分布的非贵金属铜纳米颗粒进行修饰,通过调...将二氧化碳电化学还原为一氧化碳是一种实现碳循环和利用的有效途径。为了利用大量过剩的二氧化碳资源,本文制备了一种简单合成的电催化剂,以生物质壳聚糖为前体制备了含氮多孔碳基底,嵌入均匀分布的非贵金属铜纳米颗粒进行修饰,通过调节铜的负载量,达到充分利用铜金属的活性,从而在电化学二氧化碳还原过程中实现了优异的一氧化碳法拉第效率和选择性。在-0.6V vs. RHE时下,一氧化碳的最大法拉第效率(FE)为78%,并且没有其他有效产物的生成,从而一氧化碳的选择性达到了100%,电流密度为1.9mA/cm2。并且在0.1mol/L KHCO3水溶液中连续电解13h以上,一氧化碳的法拉第效率和选择性基本保持不变,制备的电极材料具有优异的稳定性。展开更多
The electrochemical synthesis of urea by simultaneous reduction of nitrite and CO2 was performed in 0.02 mol·L-1 NaNO2 and 0.2 mol·L-1 NaHCO3 aqueous solutions at 925 Ag electrode in laboratory-scale experim...The electrochemical synthesis of urea by simultaneous reduction of nitrite and CO2 was performed in 0.02 mol·L-1 NaNO2 and 0.2 mol·L-1 NaHCO3 aqueous solutions at 925 Ag electrode in laboratory-scale experiments.The effect of several parameters, including electrolysis potential, temperature, and CO2 pressure, on urea formation was investigated.At the temperature of 293 K,CO2 pressure of 0.7 MPa, the electrolytic potential of -0.6 V, the current efficiency of urea formation reached 37%.Under the conditions of temperature of 273 K and electrolytic potential of -1.7 V, the current efficiency reached 26% under normal ambient pressure.Based on the relationship of current efficiency and formation of CO, NH3 and urea, a tentative reaction pathway was proposed.展开更多
采用水热法制备Bi/MCNOs电极催化剂,通过XRD、SEM对Bi/MCNOs催化剂进行表征,考察了Bi/MCNOs电极电化学还原CO_(2)制甲酸的性能。结果表明,在水热过程中,MCNOs成功负载到Bi上,Bi/MCNOs具有更小的球状结构。Bi/MCNOs电极电化学活性表面积...采用水热法制备Bi/MCNOs电极催化剂,通过XRD、SEM对Bi/MCNOs催化剂进行表征,考察了Bi/MCNOs电极电化学还原CO_(2)制甲酸的性能。结果表明,在水热过程中,MCNOs成功负载到Bi上,Bi/MCNOs具有更小的球状结构。Bi/MCNOs电极电化学活性表面积为Bi电极的3.4倍。Bi/MCNOs电极的电流密度是Bi电极的4倍,且具有更正的起峰电位。通过对KHCO_(3)电解液浓度、还原电位对电化学还原CO_(2)制甲酸的分析可知,KHCO_(3)电解液浓度为0.5 mol/L、电势为-1.6 V vs.Ag/AgCl时,电化学还原CO_(2)效果最好,具有较高的电流效率。由此可见,Bi/MCNOs电极具有更高的活性,可有效提高电化学还原CO_(2)的催化效果。展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51171022)
文摘The effect of H2S concentration on H2S/CO2 corrosion of API-X60 steel was studied by scanning electron microscopy, a weight-loss method, potentiodynamic polarization tests, and the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique. It is found that the cor-rosion process of the steel in an environment where H2S and CO2 coexist at different H2S concentrations is related to the morphological structure and stability of the corrosion product film. With the addition of a small amount of H2S, the size of the anode reaction region is de-creased due to constant adsorption and separation of more FeS sediment or more FeHS＋ions on the surface of the steel. Meanwhile, the dou-ble-layer capacitance is diminished with increasing anion adsorption capacity. Therefore, the corrosion process is inhibited. The general cor-rosion rate of the steel rapidly decreases after the addition of a small amount of H2S under the coexistence of H2S and CO2. With a further increase in H2S concentration, certain parts of the corrosion product film become loose and even fall off. Thus, the protection provided by the corrosion product film worsens, and the corrosion rate tends to increase.
基金financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51371034)
文摘The welded joints of 3Cr pipeline steel were fabricated with commercial welding wire using the gas tungsten arc welding （GTAW） technique. Potentiodynamic polarization curves, linear polarization resistance （LPR）, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS）, scan- ning electron microscopy （SEM）, and energy-dispersive spectrometry （EDS） were used to investigate the corrosion resistance and the growth of a corrosion film on the weld zone （WZ）. The changes in electrochemical characteristics of the film were obtained through fitting of the EIS data. The results showed that the average corrosion rate of the WZ in CO2 environments first increased, then fluctuated, and finally de- creased gradually. The formation of the film on the WZ was divided into three stages： dynamic adsorption, incomplete-coverage layer forma- tion, and integral layer formation.
文摘从活性污泥中筛选出具有电化学活性的微生物,与电化学系统结合还原CO_2合成甲酸和乙酸。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、PCR和16S r DNA检测菌种,并命名为Clostridium. sp. S。循环伏安扫描(CV)测试菌种具有电化学活性,在-500 m V出现CO_2还原峰。设定阴极电势-900 m V,反应对微生物代谢产生的氢气利用率达到81. 8%,甲酸最大累积浓度为4. 8 mmol/L,乙酸最大累积浓度为7. 76 mmol/L,总库伦效率最大为95. 41%。表明在微生物电化学系统中,生物阴极可以将CO_2还原为多种有机物,确定菌种通过电极直接传递和氢气传递两种方式获得电子,为进一步研究微生物电合成技术提供参考。
基金“Scientific and Technical Innovation Action Plan”Basic Research Field of Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(19JC1410500)the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(91645110)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2232018A3-06)。
文摘将二氧化碳电化学还原为一氧化碳是一种实现碳循环和利用的有效途径。为了利用大量过剩的二氧化碳资源,本文制备了一种简单合成的电催化剂,以生物质壳聚糖为前体制备了含氮多孔碳基底,嵌入均匀分布的非贵金属铜纳米颗粒进行修饰,通过调节铜的负载量,达到充分利用铜金属的活性,从而在电化学二氧化碳还原过程中实现了优异的一氧化碳法拉第效率和选择性。在-0.6V vs. RHE时下,一氧化碳的最大法拉第效率(FE)为78%,并且没有其他有效产物的生成,从而一氧化碳的选择性达到了100%,电流密度为1.9mA/cm2。并且在0.1mol/L KHCO3水溶液中连续电解13h以上,一氧化碳的法拉第效率和选择性基本保持不变,制备的电极材料具有优异的稳定性。
文摘The electrochemical synthesis of urea by simultaneous reduction of nitrite and CO2 was performed in 0.02 mol·L-1 NaNO2 and 0.2 mol·L-1 NaHCO3 aqueous solutions at 925 Ag electrode in laboratory-scale experiments.The effect of several parameters, including electrolysis potential, temperature, and CO2 pressure, on urea formation was investigated.At the temperature of 293 K,CO2 pressure of 0.7 MPa, the electrolytic potential of -0.6 V, the current efficiency of urea formation reached 37%.Under the conditions of temperature of 273 K and electrolytic potential of -1.7 V, the current efficiency reached 26% under normal ambient pressure.Based on the relationship of current efficiency and formation of CO, NH3 and urea, a tentative reaction pathway was proposed.
文摘采用水热法制备Bi/MCNOs电极催化剂,通过XRD、SEM对Bi/MCNOs催化剂进行表征,考察了Bi/MCNOs电极电化学还原CO_(2)制甲酸的性能。结果表明,在水热过程中,MCNOs成功负载到Bi上,Bi/MCNOs具有更小的球状结构。Bi/MCNOs电极电化学活性表面积为Bi电极的3.4倍。Bi/MCNOs电极的电流密度是Bi电极的4倍,且具有更正的起峰电位。通过对KHCO_(3)电解液浓度、还原电位对电化学还原CO_(2)制甲酸的分析可知,KHCO_(3)电解液浓度为0.5 mol/L、电势为-1.6 V vs.Ag/AgCl时,电化学还原CO_(2)效果最好,具有较高的电流效率。由此可见,Bi/MCNOs电极具有更高的活性,可有效提高电化学还原CO_(2)的催化效果。
