In this study, we have investigated the degradation and primary radiolytic degradation mechanism of 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP) by using of electron beam (EB) -irradiation. The results show that at an absorbed dose of...In this study, we have investigated the degradation and primary radiolytic degradation mechanism of 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP) by using of electron beam (EB) -irradiation. The results show that at an absorbed dose of 10 kGy and an initial concentration of 25 mg·L -1 , the degradation of 4-t-OP in a methanol/water reduction system is higher than in a acetonitrile/water oxidation system by 19.4% and higher than in an acetone/water system by 26.8%, which is due to both of ·OH and e aq - playing an important role in the decomposition of 4-t-OP, although the latter is more effective. The degradation rate of 4-t-OP will decrease with increment of absorbed dose in a methanol/water solution, and increase with decrement of initial concentration at a constant absorbed dose. The degradation efficiency will also decrease with the addition of anions and H 2 O 2 into the solution. A system saturated with N 2 will make an increment in the degradation of 4-t-OP. The pH value of solution has been also found to affect the degradation efficiency, while the degradation is more efficient in alkaline conditions. Finally, the initial products involved in degradation reaction have been determined to be ethylbenzene, styrene, bicyclo[4.2.0]octa-1,3,5-triene, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane and p-tert-butyl-phenol, which may arise from e aq - attack at the position of the alkyl side chain of 4-t-OP molecule. The results have been revealed that EB irradiation is a promising method for degradation of 4-t-OP, and e aq - may be main reactive species to attack at the position of the alkyl side chain of 4-t-OP.展开更多
Carbon fiber-reinforced advance composites have been used for structural applications,mainly on account of their mechanical properties.The main factor for a good mechanical performance of carbon fiber-reinforced com- ...Carbon fiber-reinforced advance composites have been used for structural applications,mainly on account of their mechanical properties.The main factor for a good mechanical performance of carbon fiber-reinforced com- posite is the interfacial interaction between its components,which are carbon fiber and polymeric matrix.The aim of this study is to improve the surface properties of the carbon fiber using ionizing radiation from an electron beam to obtain better adhesion properties in the resultant composite.EB radiation was applied on the carbon fiber itself before preparing test specimens for the mechanical tests.Experimental results showed that EB irradiation improved the ten- sile strength of carbon fiber samples.The maximum value in tensile strength was reached using doses of about 250 kGy.After breakage,the morphology aspect of the tensile specimens prepared with irradiated and non-irradiated car- bon fibers were evaluated.SEM micrographs showed modifications on the carbon fiber surface.展开更多
Electron beam（EB） irradiation experiments on Au/ITO and ITO/Au/ITO multilayer thin films are reported.The structure and the optical-electrical properties of the samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction,atomic ...Electron beam（EB） irradiation experiments on Au/ITO and ITO/Au/ITO multilayer thin films are reported.The structure and the optical-electrical properties of the samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction,atomic force microscopy, four-point probe resistivity measurement system, and UV–vis-NIR double beam spectrometer, respectively. Those results show that the EB irradiation has the effects of improving the crystalline of samples, widening the optical band gap of both thin films, reducing the sheet resistance,and improving the transmittance of samples.展开更多
The surface-modifled Al2O3 particles were introduced into polyethylene(PE)to enhance the thermal conductivity,and PE/Al2O3 cross-linked networks with improved thermal and mechanical properties were prepared through el...The surface-modifled Al2O3 particles were introduced into polyethylene(PE)to enhance the thermal conductivity,and PE/Al2O3 cross-linked networks with improved thermal and mechanical properties were prepared through electron beam(EB)irradiation technology.The incorporation of reactive irradiation sensitizer was useful in fabricating a high degree of cross-linking(DC)PE networks under a low irradiation dose.In the PE sample containing 2%sensitizer,DC ca.67.1%could be obtained under 60 kGy(1 kGy=1000 J/kg).EB-irradiation greatly improved thetensile stress of PE-based samples,and the tensile stresses of the samples with 0.2—5%TMPTA(trimethylolpr pane triacrvlate)under 60 kGy were 24.61—27.77 MPa.All the EB-irradiated samples had higher Vicat softening temperatures than the samples without irradiation.After treatment at 120 kGy,the Vicat softening temperatures of PE-Al2O3-44/TMPTA-2 increased from 127℃to 130.4℃.SEM images revealed that PE-Al2O3-5O samples with increased amount of Al2O3 particles showed a conduction"pathway,"and thennal conductivity reached 0.67 W/(m·K).Thus,high-performance pipes were extruded,which could satisfy the static hydraulic blasting test and exhibit improved thennal conduction capability.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.11025526,11175112 and 41073073)
文摘In this study, we have investigated the degradation and primary radiolytic degradation mechanism of 4-tert-octylphenol (4-t-OP) by using of electron beam (EB) -irradiation. The results show that at an absorbed dose of 10 kGy and an initial concentration of 25 mg·L -1 , the degradation of 4-t-OP in a methanol/water reduction system is higher than in a acetonitrile/water oxidation system by 19.4% and higher than in an acetone/water system by 26.8%, which is due to both of ·OH and e aq - playing an important role in the decomposition of 4-t-OP, although the latter is more effective. The degradation rate of 4-t-OP will decrease with increment of absorbed dose in a methanol/water solution, and increase with decrement of initial concentration at a constant absorbed dose. The degradation efficiency will also decrease with the addition of anions and H 2 O 2 into the solution. A system saturated with N 2 will make an increment in the degradation of 4-t-OP. The pH value of solution has been also found to affect the degradation efficiency, while the degradation is more efficient in alkaline conditions. Finally, the initial products involved in degradation reaction have been determined to be ethylbenzene, styrene, bicyclo[4.2.0]octa-1,3,5-triene, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane and p-tert-butyl-phenol, which may arise from e aq - attack at the position of the alkyl side chain of 4-t-OP molecule. The results have been revealed that EB irradiation is a promising method for degradation of 4-t-OP, and e aq - may be main reactive species to attack at the position of the alkyl side chain of 4-t-OP.
文摘Carbon fiber-reinforced advance composites have been used for structural applications,mainly on account of their mechanical properties.The main factor for a good mechanical performance of carbon fiber-reinforced com- posite is the interfacial interaction between its components,which are carbon fiber and polymeric matrix.The aim of this study is to improve the surface properties of the carbon fiber using ionizing radiation from an electron beam to obtain better adhesion properties in the resultant composite.EB radiation was applied on the carbon fiber itself before preparing test specimens for the mechanical tests.Experimental results showed that EB irradiation improved the ten- sile strength of carbon fiber samples.The maximum value in tensile strength was reached using doses of about 250 kGy.After breakage,the morphology aspect of the tensile specimens prepared with irradiated and non-irradiated car- bon fibers were evaluated.SEM micrographs showed modifications on the carbon fiber surface.
基金supported financially by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2016YFB1102303)the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2015CB352001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 61378060)
文摘Electron beam（EB） irradiation experiments on Au/ITO and ITO/Au/ITO multilayer thin films are reported.The structure and the optical-electrical properties of the samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction,atomic force microscopy, four-point probe resistivity measurement system, and UV–vis-NIR double beam spectrometer, respectively. Those results show that the EB irradiation has the effects of improving the crystalline of samples, widening the optical band gap of both thin films, reducing the sheet resistance,and improving the transmittance of samples.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51873076,21404013)the Science and Teclmology Development Plan of Jilin Province,China(Nos.20180201076GX,20180201075GX)+1 种基金the Industrial Teclmology Research and Development Funds of Jilin Province,China(No.2019C042-4)the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry,Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.201826).
文摘The surface-modifled Al2O3 particles were introduced into polyethylene(PE)to enhance the thermal conductivity,and PE/Al2O3 cross-linked networks with improved thermal and mechanical properties were prepared through electron beam(EB)irradiation technology.The incorporation of reactive irradiation sensitizer was useful in fabricating a high degree of cross-linking(DC)PE networks under a low irradiation dose.In the PE sample containing 2%sensitizer,DC ca.67.1%could be obtained under 60 kGy(1 kGy=1000 J/kg).EB-irradiation greatly improved thetensile stress of PE-based samples,and the tensile stresses of the samples with 0.2—5%TMPTA(trimethylolpr pane triacrvlate)under 60 kGy were 24.61—27.77 MPa.All the EB-irradiated samples had higher Vicat softening temperatures than the samples without irradiation.After treatment at 120 kGy,the Vicat softening temperatures of PE-Al2O3-44/TMPTA-2 increased from 127℃to 130.4℃.SEM images revealed that PE-Al2O3-5O samples with increased amount of Al2O3 particles showed a conduction"pathway,"and thennal conductivity reached 0.67 W/(m·K).Thus,high-performance pipes were extruded,which could satisfy the static hydraulic blasting test and exhibit improved thennal conduction capability.
