目的 :利用三维有限元分析胸腰段椎体强化术后三种骨水泥弥散类型在不同载荷下术椎的应力分布变化。方法:通过1例L1椎体压缩性骨折患者和3例L1椎体强化术后骨水泥分别呈弥散型、团块型、混合型患者的原始CT资料,通过Mimics 19.0、Geomag...目的 :利用三维有限元分析胸腰段椎体强化术后三种骨水泥弥散类型在不同载荷下术椎的应力分布变化。方法:通过1例L1椎体压缩性骨折患者和3例L1椎体强化术后骨水泥分别呈弥散型、团块型、混合型患者的原始CT资料,通过Mimics 19.0、Geomagic Studio 2013及Solid Works 2017等软件处理,建立T11~L2椎体功能单元压缩性骨折及三种骨水泥弥散类型的有限元模型,运用有限元分析方法,约束L2椎体下表面所有节点的各向活动,于T11椎体上表面施加均匀分布的400N面载荷,压力方向垂直向下,模拟正常人体上半身重量;同时在T11椎体上表面于不同方向施加10N·m力矩,模拟正常人体前屈、后伸、左侧屈、右侧屈、左旋转、右旋转6种运动状态。并在T11表面分别施加0.3MPa(低压力)、1MPa(中压力)、4MPa(高压力)分别模拟日常生活活动,比较4种模型在不同载荷情况下应力分布情况。结果:骨水泥注入后,在各级压力下,骨水泥呈团块型分布对术椎应力明显高于弥散型与混合型,4种模型术椎的应力与压力增加呈正相关,在6种载荷下,骨水泥呈团块型分布对术椎的应力均明显高于混合型与弥散型,混合型对术椎的应力较低,且在施加0.3、1、4MPa压力下,术椎在前屈载荷下所受应力最大,团块型应力最高,分别为63.295MPa、84.419MPa、174.96MPa;弥散型为62.348MPa、80.974MPa、160.95MPa、混合型为47.667MPa、62.171MPa、124.35MPa。结论:胸腰段椎体强化术后术椎应力与其所受压力及载荷方向相关,团块型骨水泥是导致术椎应力增高的重要因素,骨水泥呈混合型分布可能是理想的弥散类型。展开更多
In arid regions, water vapor diffusion predominates the total water migration in unsaturated soil, which significantly influences agriculture and engineering applications. With the aim of revealing the diffusion mecha...In arid regions, water vapor diffusion predominates the total water migration in unsaturated soil, which significantly influences agriculture and engineering applications. With the aim of revealing the diffusion mechanism of water vapor in unsaturated soil, a water vapor migration test device was developed to conduct the water vapor migration indoor test. The test results demonstrate that the characteristics of water vapor diffusion in unsaturated soil conformed to Fick’s second law. A mathematical model for water vapor diffusion under isothermal conditions in unsaturated soil was established based on Fick’s law. Factors including the initial moisture content gradient, initial moisture content distribution, soil type and temperature that affect the water vapor diffusion coefficient were analyzed. The results show that there was good agreement between the moisture content calculated by the mathematical model and obtained by the indoor experiment. The vapor diffusion coefficient increased with increasing initial moisture content gradient and temperature. When the initial moisture content gradient is constant, the vapor diffusion coefficient increases with the increase of matrix suction ratio in dry and wet soil section. The effect of soil type on the water vapor diffusion coefficient was complex, as both the moisture content and soil particle sizes affected the water vapor diffusion.展开更多
For singularly perturbed convection-diffusion problems,supercloseness analysis of the finite element method is still open on Bakhvalov-type meshes,especially in the case of 2D.The difficulties arise from the width of ...For singularly perturbed convection-diffusion problems,supercloseness analysis of the finite element method is still open on Bakhvalov-type meshes,especially in the case of 2D.The difficulties arise from the width of the mesh in the layer adjacent to the transition point,resulting in a suboptimal estimate for convergence.Existing analysis techniques cannot handle these difficulties well.To fill this gap,here a novel interpolation is designed delicately for the smooth part of the solution,bringing about the optimal supercloseness result of almost order 2 under an energy norm for the finite element method.Our theoretical result is uniform in the singular perturbation parameterεand is supported by the numerical experiments.展开更多
The existence, uniqueness and global asymptotic stability for the equilibrium of Hopfield-type neural networks with diffusion effects are studied. When the activation functions are monotonously nondecreasing, differen...The existence, uniqueness and global asymptotic stability for the equilibrium of Hopfield-type neural networks with diffusion effects are studied. When the activation functions are monotonously nondecreasing, differentiable, and the interconnected matrix is related to the Lyapunov diagonal stable matrix, the sufficient conditions guaranteeing the existence of the equilibrium of the system are obtained by applying the topological degree theory. By means of constructing the suitable average Lyapunov functions, the global asymptotic stability of the equilibrium of the system is also investigated. It is shown that the equilibrium （if it exists） is globally asymptotically stable and this implies that the equilibrium of the system is unique.展开更多
A program CALTPP(CALculation of ThermoPhysical Properties)is developed in order to provide various thermophysical properties such as diffusion coefficient,interfacial energy,thermal conductivity,viscosity and molar vo...A program CALTPP(CALculation of ThermoPhysical Properties)is developed in order to provide various thermophysical properties such as diffusion coefficient,interfacial energy,thermal conductivity,viscosity and molar volume mainly as function of temperature and composition.These thermophysical properties are very important inputs for microstructure simulations and mechanical property predictions.The general structure of CALTPP is briefly described,and the CALPHAD-type models for the description of these thermophysical properties are presented.The CALTPP program contains the input module,calculation and/or optimization modules and output module.A few case studies including(a)the calculation of diffusion coefficient and optimization of atomic mobility,(b)the calculation of solid/liquid,coherent solid/solid and liquid/liquid interfacial energies,(c)the calculation of thermal conductivity,(d)the calculation of viscosity,and(e)the establishment of molar volume database in binary and ternary alloys are demonstrated to show the features of CALTPP.It is expected that CALTPP will be an effective contribution in both scientific research and education.展开更多
The influence of chloride type on the diffusivity of chloride ions in concrete was studied by experiment. The result shows that the glectric resistance of concrete and the chloride diffusion coefficient are influenced...The influence of chloride type on the diffusivity of chloride ions in concrete was studied by experiment. The result shows that the glectric resistance of concrete and the chloride diffusion coefficient are influenced by chloride type. For the same water/cement ratio (W/C), the diffusion coefficient D in KCl solution is larger than that in NaCl solution; however, the concrete resistance in KCl solution is smaller than that in NaCl solution. The experimental result is analyzed with theory of diffusion.展开更多
We explore new asymptotic-numeric solvers for partial differential equations with highly oscillatory forcing terms. Such methods represent the solution as an asymptotic series, whose terms can be evaluated by solving ...We explore new asymptotic-numeric solvers for partial differential equations with highly oscillatory forcing terms. Such methods represent the solution as an asymptotic series, whose terms can be evaluated by solving non-oscillatory problems and they guarantee high accuracy at a low computational cost. We consider two forms of oscillatory forcing terms, namely when the oscillation is in time or in space： each lends itself to different treatment. Numerical examples highlight the salient features of the new approach.展开更多
文摘目的 :利用三维有限元分析胸腰段椎体强化术后三种骨水泥弥散类型在不同载荷下术椎的应力分布变化。方法:通过1例L1椎体压缩性骨折患者和3例L1椎体强化术后骨水泥分别呈弥散型、团块型、混合型患者的原始CT资料,通过Mimics 19.0、Geomagic Studio 2013及Solid Works 2017等软件处理,建立T11~L2椎体功能单元压缩性骨折及三种骨水泥弥散类型的有限元模型,运用有限元分析方法,约束L2椎体下表面所有节点的各向活动,于T11椎体上表面施加均匀分布的400N面载荷,压力方向垂直向下,模拟正常人体上半身重量;同时在T11椎体上表面于不同方向施加10N·m力矩,模拟正常人体前屈、后伸、左侧屈、右侧屈、左旋转、右旋转6种运动状态。并在T11表面分别施加0.3MPa(低压力)、1MPa(中压力)、4MPa(高压力)分别模拟日常生活活动,比较4种模型在不同载荷情况下应力分布情况。结果:骨水泥注入后,在各级压力下,骨水泥呈团块型分布对术椎应力明显高于弥散型与混合型,4种模型术椎的应力与压力增加呈正相关,在6种载荷下,骨水泥呈团块型分布对术椎的应力均明显高于混合型与弥散型,混合型对术椎的应力较低,且在施加0.3、1、4MPa压力下,术椎在前屈载荷下所受应力最大,团块型应力最高,分别为63.295MPa、84.419MPa、174.96MPa;弥散型为62.348MPa、80.974MPa、160.95MPa、混合型为47.667MPa、62.171MPa、124.35MPa。结论:胸腰段椎体强化术后术椎应力与其所受压力及载荷方向相关,团块型骨水泥是导致术椎应力增高的重要因素,骨水泥呈混合型分布可能是理想的弥散类型。
基金Projects(51878064, 51378072) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(300102218408, 300102219108) supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China。
文摘In arid regions, water vapor diffusion predominates the total water migration in unsaturated soil, which significantly influences agriculture and engineering applications. With the aim of revealing the diffusion mechanism of water vapor in unsaturated soil, a water vapor migration test device was developed to conduct the water vapor migration indoor test. The test results demonstrate that the characteristics of water vapor diffusion in unsaturated soil conformed to Fick’s second law. A mathematical model for water vapor diffusion under isothermal conditions in unsaturated soil was established based on Fick’s law. Factors including the initial moisture content gradient, initial moisture content distribution, soil type and temperature that affect the water vapor diffusion coefficient were analyzed. The results show that there was good agreement between the moisture content calculated by the mathematical model and obtained by the indoor experiment. The vapor diffusion coefficient increased with increasing initial moisture content gradient and temperature. When the initial moisture content gradient is constant, the vapor diffusion coefficient increases with the increase of matrix suction ratio in dry and wet soil section. The effect of soil type on the water vapor diffusion coefficient was complex, as both the moisture content and soil particle sizes affected the water vapor diffusion.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11771257)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(ZR2023YQ002,ZR2023MA007,ZR2021MA004)。
文摘For singularly perturbed convection-diffusion problems,supercloseness analysis of the finite element method is still open on Bakhvalov-type meshes,especially in the case of 2D.The difficulties arise from the width of the mesh in the layer adjacent to the transition point,resulting in a suboptimal estimate for convergence.Existing analysis techniques cannot handle these difficulties well.To fill this gap,here a novel interpolation is designed delicately for the smooth part of the solution,bringing about the optimal supercloseness result of almost order 2 under an energy norm for the finite element method.Our theoretical result is uniform in the singular perturbation parameterεand is supported by the numerical experiments.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10571078)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province of China (No.3ZX062-B25-012)
文摘The existence, uniqueness and global asymptotic stability for the equilibrium of Hopfield-type neural networks with diffusion effects are studied. When the activation functions are monotonously nondecreasing, differentiable, and the interconnected matrix is related to the Lyapunov diagonal stable matrix, the sufficient conditions guaranteeing the existence of the equilibrium of the system are obtained by applying the topological degree theory. By means of constructing the suitable average Lyapunov functions, the global asymptotic stability of the equilibrium of the system is also investigated. It is shown that the equilibrium （if it exists） is globally asymptotically stable and this implies that the equilibrium of the system is unique.
基金The financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51671219 and 51429101)National Key Research and Development Plan(Grant No.2016YFB0701202)are greatly acknowledged.The work of GK was supported by nano-Ginop Project GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00027 in the framework of the Szechenyi 2020 program,supported by the European Union.
文摘A program CALTPP(CALculation of ThermoPhysical Properties)is developed in order to provide various thermophysical properties such as diffusion coefficient,interfacial energy,thermal conductivity,viscosity and molar volume mainly as function of temperature and composition.These thermophysical properties are very important inputs for microstructure simulations and mechanical property predictions.The general structure of CALTPP is briefly described,and the CALPHAD-type models for the description of these thermophysical properties are presented.The CALTPP program contains the input module,calculation and/or optimization modules and output module.A few case studies including(a)the calculation of diffusion coefficient and optimization of atomic mobility,(b)the calculation of solid/liquid,coherent solid/solid and liquid/liquid interfacial energies,(c)the calculation of thermal conductivity,(d)the calculation of viscosity,and(e)the establishment of molar volume database in binary and ternary alloys are demonstrated to show the features of CALTPP.It is expected that CALTPP will be an effective contribution in both scientific research and education.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 50278039, 50578068 and 50538070)
文摘The influence of chloride type on the diffusivity of chloride ions in concrete was studied by experiment. The result shows that the glectric resistance of concrete and the chloride diffusion coefficient are influenced by chloride type. For the same water/cement ratio (W/C), the diffusion coefficient D in KCl solution is larger than that in NaCl solution; however, the concrete resistance in KCl solution is smaller than that in NaCl solution. The experimental result is analyzed with theory of diffusion.
文摘We explore new asymptotic-numeric solvers for partial differential equations with highly oscillatory forcing terms. Such methods represent the solution as an asymptotic series, whose terms can be evaluated by solving non-oscillatory problems and they guarantee high accuracy at a low computational cost. We consider two forms of oscillatory forcing terms, namely when the oscillation is in time or in space： each lends itself to different treatment. Numerical examples highlight the salient features of the new approach.
