Orthodontic forces have been reported to significantly increase nicotine-induced periodontal bone loss. At present, however, it is unknown, which further （side） effects can be expected during orthodontic treatment a...Orthodontic forces have been reported to significantly increase nicotine-induced periodontal bone loss. At present, however, it is unknown, which further （side） effects can be expected during orthodontic treatment at a nicotine exposure corresponding to that of an average European smoker. 63 male Fischer344 rats were randomized in three consecutive experiments of 21 animals each （A/B/C） to 3 experimental groups （7 rats, 112/3）. （A） cone-beam-computed tomography （CBCT）; （B） histology/serology; （C） reverse- transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction （RT-qPCR）/cotinine serology--（1） control; （2） orthodontic tooth movement （OTM） of the first and second upper left molar （NiTi closed coil spring, 0.25 N）; （3） OTM with 1.89 mg-kg- 1 per day s.c. of L（- ）-nicotine. After 14 days of OTM, serum cotinine and IL-6 concentration as well as orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption （OIIRR）, osteoclast activity （histology）, orthodontic tooth movement velocity （CBCT, within 14 and 28 days of OTM） and relative gene expression of known inflammatory and osteoclast markers were quantified in the dental-periodontal tissue （RT-qPCR）. Animals exposed to nicotine showed significantly heightened serum cotinine and IL-6 levels corresponding to those of regular European smokers. Both the extent of root resorption, osteoclast activity, orthodontic tooth movement and gene expression of inflammatory and osteoclast markers were significantly increased compared to controls with and without OTM under the influence of nicotine. We conclude that apart from increased periodontal bone loss, a progression of dental root resorption and accelerated orthodontic tooth movement are to be anticipated during orthodontic therapy, if nicotine consumption is present. Thus patients should be informed about these risks and the necessity of nicotine abstinence during treatment.展开更多
This case presents an unusual transposition of an impacted canine on the central incisor that provides a multidisciplinary approach to its resolution. The patient comes to the consultation for mobility of the central ...This case presents an unusual transposition of an impacted canine on the central incisor that provides a multidisciplinary approach to its resolution. The patient comes to the consultation for mobility of the central incisor. Clinically, tooth mobility was confirmed with tooth crowding and persistence of the temporary canine. Cone beam tomography (CBCT) observed the atypical position of the permanent canine that caused root resorption of the ipsilateral central incisor and the need to extract both teeth. The conservative treatment of the bone structures during the dental enucleation of the impacted canine carried out by odontosection and the immediate bone grafting of the defect projected an acceptable regeneration of the bone volume for the insertion of the implant. The orthodontic treatment managed to correct the bite, position the upper premolar in the place of the canine tooth and maintain the space to place the implant in the central incisor. The three-year follow-up shows maintenance of the peri-implant crestal bone level, the success of orthodontic treatment with recovery of the patient’s function and aesthetics.展开更多
基金the ReForM-A-research funding programme of the Faculty of Medicine(University of Regensburg)for their financial supportsupported by a ReForM-A grant from the ReForM research funding programme of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Regensburg,Germany(Kirschneck 31 March 2015)the German Research Foundation(DFG)within the funding programme Open Access Publishing
文摘Orthodontic forces have been reported to significantly increase nicotine-induced periodontal bone loss. At present, however, it is unknown, which further （side） effects can be expected during orthodontic treatment at a nicotine exposure corresponding to that of an average European smoker. 63 male Fischer344 rats were randomized in three consecutive experiments of 21 animals each （A/B/C） to 3 experimental groups （7 rats, 112/3）. （A） cone-beam-computed tomography （CBCT）; （B） histology/serology; （C） reverse- transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction （RT-qPCR）/cotinine serology--（1） control; （2） orthodontic tooth movement （OTM） of the first and second upper left molar （NiTi closed coil spring, 0.25 N）; （3） OTM with 1.89 mg-kg- 1 per day s.c. of L（- ）-nicotine. After 14 days of OTM, serum cotinine and IL-6 concentration as well as orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption （OIIRR）, osteoclast activity （histology）, orthodontic tooth movement velocity （CBCT, within 14 and 28 days of OTM） and relative gene expression of known inflammatory and osteoclast markers were quantified in the dental-periodontal tissue （RT-qPCR）. Animals exposed to nicotine showed significantly heightened serum cotinine and IL-6 levels corresponding to those of regular European smokers. Both the extent of root resorption, osteoclast activity, orthodontic tooth movement and gene expression of inflammatory and osteoclast markers were significantly increased compared to controls with and without OTM under the influence of nicotine. We conclude that apart from increased periodontal bone loss, a progression of dental root resorption and accelerated orthodontic tooth movement are to be anticipated during orthodontic therapy, if nicotine consumption is present. Thus patients should be informed about these risks and the necessity of nicotine abstinence during treatment.
文摘This case presents an unusual transposition of an impacted canine on the central incisor that provides a multidisciplinary approach to its resolution. The patient comes to the consultation for mobility of the central incisor. Clinically, tooth mobility was confirmed with tooth crowding and persistence of the temporary canine. Cone beam tomography (CBCT) observed the atypical position of the permanent canine that caused root resorption of the ipsilateral central incisor and the need to extract both teeth. The conservative treatment of the bone structures during the dental enucleation of the impacted canine carried out by odontosection and the immediate bone grafting of the defect projected an acceptable regeneration of the bone volume for the insertion of the implant. The orthodontic treatment managed to correct the bite, position the upper premolar in the place of the canine tooth and maintain the space to place the implant in the central incisor. The three-year follow-up shows maintenance of the peri-implant crestal bone level, the success of orthodontic treatment with recovery of the patient’s function and aesthetics.
