Objective： To study the impact of De-qi （得气%, obtaining qi） and psychological factors on the efficacy of acupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea, with an attempt to explore the relationship among De-qi, ps...Objective： To study the impact of De-qi （得气%, obtaining qi） and psychological factors on the efficacy of acupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea, with an attempt to explore the relationship among De-qi, psychological factors, and clinical efficacy. Methods： The patients with primary dysmenorrhea were randomly assigned to a group of acupuncture with manual manipulation （manipulation group, n=67） and an acupuncture group without manipulation （non-manipulation group, n=64）. Pain intensity and pain duration were used as measures for evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of the acupuncture treatment. De-qi, the sensations a patient experienced during the acupuncture treatment, was scored on a 4-point scale by the subjects. In addition, the psychological factors, including belief in acupuncture, the level of nervousness, anxiety, and depression, were quantitatively assessed. The personality of the subject was assessed using the Eysenck personality questionnaire （EPQ） and 16 personality factor questionnaire （16PF）. Results： Complete data were obtained from 120 patients, 60 patients in each group. There were statistically significant differences in pain intensity （W=2410.0, P〈0.01 ） and pain duration （W=3181.0, P〈0.01） between the two groups. The number of De-qi acupoints （W=1150.5, P〈0.01） and the average intensity of De-qi （W=1141.0, P〈0.01） were significantly higher in the manipulation group as compared with their non-manipulation counterparts. The correlation coefficients between De-qi and therapeutic efficacy of acupuncture were greater than those between psychological factors and therapeutic efficacy. Conclusions： Compared with the psychological factors, De-qi contributed more to the pain-relieving effect of acupuncture in subjects with primary dysmenorrhea. Moreover, manual manipulation is a prerequisite for eliciting and enhancing the De-qi sensations, and De-qi is critical for achieving therapeutic effects.展开更多
This study measures the depth for De-Qi at different acupoints from head, trunk, and extrem-ities. The differencos of the depth for De-Qi of subjects from tat, medium and slender groups were analyzedstatistically by t...This study measures the depth for De-Qi at different acupoints from head, trunk, and extrem-ities. The differencos of the depth for De-Qi of subjects from tat, medium and slender groups were analyzedstatistically by t-test. The results suggest that the depth for De-Qi from slender group is less deep (P<0. 01 )than that of the fat group. The depth for De-Qi is less deep at loci from head than tliat of the trunk and extrem-ities. The standard derivation for the depth of De-Qi is ±0. 1 cm at loci from head region arid ± 0. 2 cm atboth trunk and extremity region. Tlie depth tor De-Qi from the subjects with nervous or allergic cliaracter, ingerieral, is less deeper than that of the normal. However the depth for De-Qi trom the subjects with cancerand sequelae of cerebral vasciJlar accident is deeper than that of the normal.展开更多
Objective: This study evaluated the effectiveness of acupuncture treatment on postoperative pain in patients with degenerative lumbar spine disease, and explored the relationship between the postoperative analgesic ef...Objective: This study evaluated the effectiveness of acupuncture treatment on postoperative pain in patients with degenerative lumbar spine disease, and explored the relationship between the postoperative analgesic effect of acupuncture and the sensation of acupuncture experienced by the patients.Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of 97 patients who had undergone an operation by the same surgeon due to degenerative lumbar disease. These patients were divided into acupuncture group(n = 32), patient-controlled analgesia(PCA) group(n = 27), and oral analgesia group(n = 38) according to the different postoperative analgesic methods. During their hospitalization, patients completed daily evaluations of their pain using a visual analogue scale(VAS), and injection times of supplemental meperidine were recorded. Also, the Chinese version of the Massachusetts General Hospital Acupuncture Sensation Scale(C-MASS) was used in the acupuncture group.Results: Each of the three treatment groups showed significant reductions in postoperative pain, as shown by reduced VAS scores. The acupuncture group, however, had less rebound pain(P < 0.05) than the other two groups. Both the acupuncture and PCA groups experienced acute analgesic effects that were superior to those in the oral analgesia group. In addition, the higher the C-MASS index on the second day after surgery, the lower the VAS score on the fourth day after surgery. There was also a significant difference in the“dull pain” in the acupuncture sensation.Conclusion: The results demonstrated that acupuncture was beneficial for postoperative pain and discomfort after simple surgery for degenerative spinal disease. It is worth noting that there was a disproportionate relevance between the patient’s acupuncture sensation and the improvement of pain VAS score.展开更多
Background： It has not been solved what kind of needle sensation might influence outcomes of acupuncture treatment. Effects of personality factors on the therapeutic effect of acupuncture have not been investigated. ...Background： It has not been solved what kind of needle sensation might influence outcomes of acupuncture treatment. Effects of personality factors on the therapeutic effect of acupuncture have not been investigated. This study aimed to find the effects of the traits of personality on the objective outcome when different acupuncture techniques were used in treating patients with Bell＇s palsy. Methods： We performed a secondary analysis of a prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial of acupuncture for Bell＇s palsy. Patients were randomly assigned to the de qi and control groups, respectively. The primary outcome was facial nerve function at month 6. The intensity of each needle sensation was rated by a visual analog scale. Psychosocial thctors were assessed by the pretreatment mediator questionnaire： 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire （16PF） was used tbr assessing personality factors and digit cancellation test for assessing attention. Results： After 6 months, patients in the de qi group had better facial function （adjusted odds ratio [OR]： 4.16, 95% confidence interval [CI]： 2.23-7.78）. Path analysis showed that intensity of needle sensation of fullness had direct effect on House-Brackmann （HB） score at month 6. In de qi group, the low HB score on day I （OR： 0.13, 95% （_7： 0.03-0.45） and the low Social Boldness score （OR： 0.63, 95% CI： 0.41-0.97） in 16PF were associated with better facial function. In control group, low HB score on day 1 （OR： 0.25, 95% CI： 0.13-0.50）, low Vigilance score （OR： 0.66, 95% CI： 0.50-0.88）, and high Tension score （OR： 1.41,95% CI： 1.12 1.77） in 16PF were related to better facial function. Conclusions： The needle sensation of fullness could predict better facial function and personality traits might influence outcomes of acupuncture treatment. Both of them should be considered seriously in acupuncture treatment and research.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the influence of the depth of skin press in blunt tip placebo acupuncture needles on patient blinding and its relationship to needle diameter.Methods： Forty healthy volunteers were enrolled...Objective： To investigate the influence of the depth of skin press in blunt tip placebo acupuncture needles on patient blinding and its relationship to needle diameter.Methods： Forty healthy volunteers were enrolled as subjects for patient blinding. Four acupuncturists applied the following needles randomly at three points in each forearm： 0.18 mm and 0.25 mm diameter penetrating needles inserted to a depth of 5 mm, and 0.18 mm and 0.25 mm diameter skin-touch needles depressing the skin at the acupoint to a depth of 1 mm and 2 mm from the skin surface. The subjects reported their guesses at the nature of needles they received, and rated needle pain and de qi. A blinding index was calculated to define the success of blinding for subjects.Results： The blinding status of subjects for 1 mm press needles of 0.18 mm diameter was ＂random guess＂,but ＂unblinded＂ for 1 mm press needles of 0.25 mm diameter. For 2 mm press needles of both diameters,the blinding status was ＂opposite guess＂ and the blinding status for penetrating needles of both diameters was ＂unblinded.＂ The percentages of ＂felt pain＂ with 2 mm press needles of both diameters were similar to that with penetrating needles, but those were not similar for 1 mm press needles. The frequency of de qi occurrence with 2 mm press needles of 0.18 mm diameter was similar to that of penetrating needles of both diameters.Conclusion： Placebo needles of 2 mm press made more subjects guess that the needles penetrated the skin than 1 mm press needles. The use of small diameter needles increased patient blinding.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 program,No.2006CB504502)
文摘Objective： To study the impact of De-qi （得气%, obtaining qi） and psychological factors on the efficacy of acupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea, with an attempt to explore the relationship among De-qi, psychological factors, and clinical efficacy. Methods： The patients with primary dysmenorrhea were randomly assigned to a group of acupuncture with manual manipulation （manipulation group, n=67） and an acupuncture group without manipulation （non-manipulation group, n=64）. Pain intensity and pain duration were used as measures for evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of the acupuncture treatment. De-qi, the sensations a patient experienced during the acupuncture treatment, was scored on a 4-point scale by the subjects. In addition, the psychological factors, including belief in acupuncture, the level of nervousness, anxiety, and depression, were quantitatively assessed. The personality of the subject was assessed using the Eysenck personality questionnaire （EPQ） and 16 personality factor questionnaire （16PF）. Results： Complete data were obtained from 120 patients, 60 patients in each group. There were statistically significant differences in pain intensity （W=2410.0, P〈0.01 ） and pain duration （W=3181.0, P〈0.01） between the two groups. The number of De-qi acupoints （W=1150.5, P〈0.01） and the average intensity of De-qi （W=1141.0, P〈0.01） were significantly higher in the manipulation group as compared with their non-manipulation counterparts. The correlation coefficients between De-qi and therapeutic efficacy of acupuncture were greater than those between psychological factors and therapeutic efficacy. Conclusions： Compared with the psychological factors, De-qi contributed more to the pain-relieving effect of acupuncture in subjects with primary dysmenorrhea. Moreover, manual manipulation is a prerequisite for eliciting and enhancing the De-qi sensations, and De-qi is critical for achieving therapeutic effects.
文摘This study measures the depth for De-Qi at different acupoints from head, trunk, and extrem-ities. The differencos of the depth for De-Qi of subjects from tat, medium and slender groups were analyzedstatistically by t-test. The results suggest that the depth for De-Qi from slender group is less deep (P<0. 01 )than that of the fat group. The depth for De-Qi is less deep at loci from head than tliat of the trunk and extrem-ities. The standard derivation for the depth of De-Qi is ±0. 1 cm at loci from head region arid ± 0. 2 cm atboth trunk and extremity region. Tlie depth tor De-Qi from the subjects with nervous or allergic cliaracter, ingerieral, is less deeper than that of the normal. However the depth for De-Qi trom the subjects with cancerand sequelae of cerebral vasciJlar accident is deeper than that of the normal.
文摘Objective: This study evaluated the effectiveness of acupuncture treatment on postoperative pain in patients with degenerative lumbar spine disease, and explored the relationship between the postoperative analgesic effect of acupuncture and the sensation of acupuncture experienced by the patients.Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of 97 patients who had undergone an operation by the same surgeon due to degenerative lumbar disease. These patients were divided into acupuncture group(n = 32), patient-controlled analgesia(PCA) group(n = 27), and oral analgesia group(n = 38) according to the different postoperative analgesic methods. During their hospitalization, patients completed daily evaluations of their pain using a visual analogue scale(VAS), and injection times of supplemental meperidine were recorded. Also, the Chinese version of the Massachusetts General Hospital Acupuncture Sensation Scale(C-MASS) was used in the acupuncture group.Results: Each of the three treatment groups showed significant reductions in postoperative pain, as shown by reduced VAS scores. The acupuncture group, however, had less rebound pain(P < 0.05) than the other two groups. Both the acupuncture and PCA groups experienced acute analgesic effects that were superior to those in the oral analgesia group. In addition, the higher the C-MASS index on the second day after surgery, the lower the VAS score on the fourth day after surgery. There was also a significant difference in the“dull pain” in the acupuncture sensation.Conclusion: The results demonstrated that acupuncture was beneficial for postoperative pain and discomfort after simple surgery for degenerative spinal disease. It is worth noting that there was a disproportionate relevance between the patient’s acupuncture sensation and the improvement of pain VAS score.
基金We would Like to thank Dr. Ge-Tu Zhaori for helpful discussion.This work was supported by tHe grants from the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars （No. 30725019）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81030021）, and the National Basic Research Program of China （No. 2006CB504502, No. 2011 CB504403, and No. 2011CB505200）.
文摘Background： It has not been solved what kind of needle sensation might influence outcomes of acupuncture treatment. Effects of personality factors on the therapeutic effect of acupuncture have not been investigated. This study aimed to find the effects of the traits of personality on the objective outcome when different acupuncture techniques were used in treating patients with Bell＇s palsy. Methods： We performed a secondary analysis of a prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial of acupuncture for Bell＇s palsy. Patients were randomly assigned to the de qi and control groups, respectively. The primary outcome was facial nerve function at month 6. The intensity of each needle sensation was rated by a visual analog scale. Psychosocial thctors were assessed by the pretreatment mediator questionnaire： 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire （16PF） was used tbr assessing personality factors and digit cancellation test for assessing attention. Results： After 6 months, patients in the de qi group had better facial function （adjusted odds ratio [OR]： 4.16, 95% confidence interval [CI]： 2.23-7.78）. Path analysis showed that intensity of needle sensation of fullness had direct effect on House-Brackmann （HB） score at month 6. In de qi group, the low HB score on day I （OR： 0.13, 95% （_7： 0.03-0.45） and the low Social Boldness score （OR： 0.63, 95% CI： 0.41-0.97） in 16PF were associated with better facial function. In control group, low HB score on day 1 （OR： 0.25, 95% CI： 0.13-0.50）, low Vigilance score （OR： 0.66, 95% CI： 0.50-0.88）, and high Tension score （OR： 1.41,95% CI： 1.12 1.77） in 16PF were related to better facial function. Conclusions： The needle sensation of fullness could predict better facial function and personality traits might influence outcomes of acupuncture treatment. Both of them should be considered seriously in acupuncture treatment and research.
基金supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research(JP15K08938 and JP16K09266)
文摘Objective： To investigate the influence of the depth of skin press in blunt tip placebo acupuncture needles on patient blinding and its relationship to needle diameter.Methods： Forty healthy volunteers were enrolled as subjects for patient blinding. Four acupuncturists applied the following needles randomly at three points in each forearm： 0.18 mm and 0.25 mm diameter penetrating needles inserted to a depth of 5 mm, and 0.18 mm and 0.25 mm diameter skin-touch needles depressing the skin at the acupoint to a depth of 1 mm and 2 mm from the skin surface. The subjects reported their guesses at the nature of needles they received, and rated needle pain and de qi. A blinding index was calculated to define the success of blinding for subjects.Results： The blinding status of subjects for 1 mm press needles of 0.18 mm diameter was ＂random guess＂,but ＂unblinded＂ for 1 mm press needles of 0.25 mm diameter. For 2 mm press needles of both diameters,the blinding status was ＂opposite guess＂ and the blinding status for penetrating needles of both diameters was ＂unblinded.＂ The percentages of ＂felt pain＂ with 2 mm press needles of both diameters were similar to that with penetrating needles, but those were not similar for 1 mm press needles. The frequency of de qi occurrence with 2 mm press needles of 0.18 mm diameter was similar to that of penetrating needles of both diameters.Conclusion： Placebo needles of 2 mm press made more subjects guess that the needles penetrated the skin than 1 mm press needles. The use of small diameter needles increased patient blinding.
