AIM:To investigate the expression of distal-less homeobox 2 (DLX2) in gastric adenocarcinoma and its clinicopathological significance. METHODS:Gastric adenocarcinoma tissues were obtained from gastrectomy specimens of...AIM:To investigate the expression of distal-less homeobox 2 (DLX2) in gastric adenocarcinoma and its clinicopathological significance. METHODS:Gastric adenocarcinoma tissues were obtained from gastrectomy specimens of 129 patients from the Department of Surgery and Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University. Sixty cases of normal gastric tissues were collected from gastrectomy specimens of adjacent gastric cancer margins greater than 5 cm. Patient diagnosis was established pathologically, and no patient had received chemotherapy or radiotherapy before surgery. All tissue specimens were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded. Immunohistochemistry was carried out to investigate the expression of DLX2 in 129 gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and 60 adjacent normal tissues. The immunos-taining reaction was semiquantitatively evaluated based on the proportion of positive cells and the median staining intensity in normal gastric epithelial cells or tumor cells. All patients had follow-up records for more than 5 years. Correlations of DLX2 expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were analyzed. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 17.0 software. RESULTS:The positive expression of DLX2 was detected in 68 (52.7%) cases of 129 gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and 14 (23.3%) cases of 60 adjacent normal tissues. The difference in DLX2 expression between gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and adjacent normal tissues was statistically significant (Ⅹ2 = 14.391, P < 0.001). Moreover, high expression of DLX2 was detected in 48 (37.2%) cases of 129 human gastric cancer tissues, but not in adjacent normal tissues. The expression of DLX2 correlated with the size of tumor (P = 0.001), depth of invasion (P = 0.008), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.023) and tumor-node-metastasis stages (P = 0.020), but was not correlated with age, gender, histological differentiation and distant metastasis. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that survi展开更多
BACKGROUND The distal-less homeobox(DLX)gene family plays an important role in the development of several tumors.However,the expression pattern,prognostic and diagnostic value,possible regulatory mechanisms,and the re...BACKGROUND The distal-less homeobox(DLX)gene family plays an important role in the development of several tumors.However,the expression pattern,prognostic and diagnostic value,possible regulatory mechanisms,and the relationship between DLX family genes and immune infiltration in colon cancer have not been systematically reported.AIM We aimed to comprehensively analyze the biological role of the DLX gene family in the pathogenesis of colon cancer.METHODS Colon cancer tissue and normal colon tissue samples were collected from the Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases.Wilcoxon rank sum test and t-test were used to assess DLX gene family expression between colon cancer tissue and unpaired normal colon tissue.cBioPortal was used to analyze DLX gene family variants.R software was used to analyze DLX gene expression in colon cancer and the relationship between DLX gene family expression and clinical features and correlation heat map.The survival package and Cox regression module were used to assess the prognostic value of the DLX gene family.The pROC package was used to analyze the diagnostic value of the DLX gene family.R software was used to analyze the possible regulatory mechanisms of DLX gene family members and related genes.The GSVA package was used to analyze the relationship between the DLX gene family and immune infiltration.The ggplot2,the survminer package,and the clusterProfiler package were used for visualization.RESULTS DLX1/2/3/4/5 were significantly aberrantly expressed in colon cancer patients.The expression of DLX genes were associated with M stage,pathologic stage,primary therapy outcome,residual tumor,lymphatic invasion,T stage,N stage,age,perineural invasion,and history of colon polyps.DLX5 was independently correlated with the prognosis of colon cancer in multivariate analysis.DLX1/2/3/4/5/6 were involved in the development and progression of colon cancer by participating in immune infiltration and associated pathways,including the Hippo signaling pathway,the Wnt signaling pathw展开更多
The Distal-less （DlI） genes are homeodomain transcription factors that are present in most Metazoa and in representatives of all investigated arthropod groups. In Drosophila, the best studied insect, Dll plays an es...The Distal-less （DlI） genes are homeodomain transcription factors that are present in most Metazoa and in representatives of all investigated arthropod groups. In Drosophila, the best studied insect, Dll plays an essential role in forming the proximodistal axis of the legs, antennae and analia, and in specifying antennal identity. The initiation of Dll expression in clusters of cells in mid-lateral regions of the Drosophila embryo represents the earliest genetic marker of limbs. Dll genes are involved in the development of the peripheral nervous system and sensitive organs, and they also function as master regulators of black pigmentation in some insect lineages. Here we analyze the complete genomes of six insects, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and Homo sapiens, as well as multiple Dll sequences available in databases in order to examine the structure and protein features of these genes. We also review the function, expression, regulation and evolution of arthropod Dll genes with emphasis on insects and spiders.展开更多
目的基于骨组织Dlx5启动子甲基化水平,探索补肾中药复方对大鼠去卵巢骨质疏松症的疗效机制。方法去卵巢建立绝经后骨质疏松症(postmenopausal osteoporosis,PMOP)大鼠模型,分为正常组、模型组、补肾中药复方组、仙灵骨葆阳性对照组。灌...目的基于骨组织Dlx5启动子甲基化水平,探索补肾中药复方对大鼠去卵巢骨质疏松症的疗效机制。方法去卵巢建立绝经后骨质疏松症(postmenopausal osteoporosis,PMOP)大鼠模型,分为正常组、模型组、补肾中药复方组、仙灵骨葆阳性对照组。灌胃14周后,X线吸收测量法检测骨密度,质谱法检测Dlx5启动子甲基化水平。结果与正常组比较,模型组第1~6腰椎骨密度明显降低(P<0.01),骨组织Dlx5启动子-470 bp^-4 bp CpG2.3甲基化水平明显升高(P<0.01)。②与模型组比较,补肾中药复方组、仙灵骨葆阳性对照组第1~6腰椎骨密度明显升高(P<0.05),骨组织Dlx5启动子-470 bp^-4 bp CpG1甲基化水平明显降低(P<0.05)。结论补肾中药复方通过降低骨组织Dlx5启动子甲基化水平的表观遗传学机制,有效防治PMOP。展开更多
文摘AIM:To investigate the expression of distal-less homeobox 2 (DLX2) in gastric adenocarcinoma and its clinicopathological significance. METHODS:Gastric adenocarcinoma tissues were obtained from gastrectomy specimens of 129 patients from the Department of Surgery and Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University. Sixty cases of normal gastric tissues were collected from gastrectomy specimens of adjacent gastric cancer margins greater than 5 cm. Patient diagnosis was established pathologically, and no patient had received chemotherapy or radiotherapy before surgery. All tissue specimens were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded. Immunohistochemistry was carried out to investigate the expression of DLX2 in 129 gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and 60 adjacent normal tissues. The immunos-taining reaction was semiquantitatively evaluated based on the proportion of positive cells and the median staining intensity in normal gastric epithelial cells or tumor cells. All patients had follow-up records for more than 5 years. Correlations of DLX2 expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were analyzed. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 17.0 software. RESULTS:The positive expression of DLX2 was detected in 68 (52.7%) cases of 129 gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and 14 (23.3%) cases of 60 adjacent normal tissues. The difference in DLX2 expression between gastric adenocarcinoma tissues and adjacent normal tissues was statistically significant (Ⅹ2 = 14.391, P < 0.001). Moreover, high expression of DLX2 was detected in 48 (37.2%) cases of 129 human gastric cancer tissues, but not in adjacent normal tissues. The expression of DLX2 correlated with the size of tumor (P = 0.001), depth of invasion (P = 0.008), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.023) and tumor-node-metastasis stages (P = 0.020), but was not correlated with age, gender, histological differentiation and distant metastasis. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that survi
文摘BACKGROUND The distal-less homeobox(DLX)gene family plays an important role in the development of several tumors.However,the expression pattern,prognostic and diagnostic value,possible regulatory mechanisms,and the relationship between DLX family genes and immune infiltration in colon cancer have not been systematically reported.AIM We aimed to comprehensively analyze the biological role of the DLX gene family in the pathogenesis of colon cancer.METHODS Colon cancer tissue and normal colon tissue samples were collected from the Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases.Wilcoxon rank sum test and t-test were used to assess DLX gene family expression between colon cancer tissue and unpaired normal colon tissue.cBioPortal was used to analyze DLX gene family variants.R software was used to analyze DLX gene expression in colon cancer and the relationship between DLX gene family expression and clinical features and correlation heat map.The survival package and Cox regression module were used to assess the prognostic value of the DLX gene family.The pROC package was used to analyze the diagnostic value of the DLX gene family.R software was used to analyze the possible regulatory mechanisms of DLX gene family members and related genes.The GSVA package was used to analyze the relationship between the DLX gene family and immune infiltration.The ggplot2,the survminer package,and the clusterProfiler package were used for visualization.RESULTS DLX1/2/3/4/5 were significantly aberrantly expressed in colon cancer patients.The expression of DLX genes were associated with M stage,pathologic stage,primary therapy outcome,residual tumor,lymphatic invasion,T stage,N stage,age,perineural invasion,and history of colon polyps.DLX5 was independently correlated with the prognosis of colon cancer in multivariate analysis.DLX1/2/3/4/5/6 were involved in the development and progression of colon cancer by participating in immune infiltration and associated pathways,including the Hippo signaling pathway,the Wnt signaling pathw
基金Acknowledgments This work was supported by Par-Eu Scholars Program, and The National Science Foundation （IOB-0516705）, The National Natural Science Foundation of China （31372265）, Coordinated Research Project of the Inter- national Atomic Energy Agency （18268/R0）, National Key Program of Science and Technology Foundation Work of China （2015FY210300）, Singapore Ministry of Education （MOE） AcRF and Yale-NUS College grant numbers IG 14-SI002, IG 15-LR002, R-607-265-052-121, and MOE R-154-000-602-112 and R-154-000-643-112. Wrote the paper： BC, WHP, AM.
文摘The Distal-less （DlI） genes are homeodomain transcription factors that are present in most Metazoa and in representatives of all investigated arthropod groups. In Drosophila, the best studied insect, Dll plays an essential role in forming the proximodistal axis of the legs, antennae and analia, and in specifying antennal identity. The initiation of Dll expression in clusters of cells in mid-lateral regions of the Drosophila embryo represents the earliest genetic marker of limbs. Dll genes are involved in the development of the peripheral nervous system and sensitive organs, and they also function as master regulators of black pigmentation in some insect lineages. Here we analyze the complete genomes of six insects, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and Homo sapiens, as well as multiple Dll sequences available in databases in order to examine the structure and protein features of these genes. We also review the function, expression, regulation and evolution of arthropod Dll genes with emphasis on insects and spiders.
文摘目的基于骨组织Dlx5启动子甲基化水平,探索补肾中药复方对大鼠去卵巢骨质疏松症的疗效机制。方法去卵巢建立绝经后骨质疏松症(postmenopausal osteoporosis,PMOP)大鼠模型,分为正常组、模型组、补肾中药复方组、仙灵骨葆阳性对照组。灌胃14周后,X线吸收测量法检测骨密度,质谱法检测Dlx5启动子甲基化水平。结果与正常组比较,模型组第1~6腰椎骨密度明显降低(P<0.01),骨组织Dlx5启动子-470 bp^-4 bp CpG2.3甲基化水平明显升高(P<0.01)。②与模型组比较,补肾中药复方组、仙灵骨葆阳性对照组第1~6腰椎骨密度明显升高(P<0.05),骨组织Dlx5启动子-470 bp^-4 bp CpG1甲基化水平明显降低(P<0.05)。结论补肾中药复方通过降低骨组织Dlx5启动子甲基化水平的表观遗传学机制,有效防治PMOP。
