The diversity of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with“Botryosphaeria dieback”of grapevine was investigated in 18 vineyards in Sardinia,Italy.Lasiodiplodia isolates obtained from different woody hosts including...The diversity of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with“Botryosphaeria dieback”of grapevine was investigated in 18 vineyards in Sardinia,Italy.Lasiodiplodia isolates obtained from different woody hosts including holm oak,sweet orange and broom bush in Italy,Algeria and Tunisia were also characterized.Morphological and cultural characteristics as well as ITS and EF1-αsequence data were used to identify the fungal isolates.Forty-eight botryosphaeriaceous isolates were obtained from 113 symptomatic grapevine samples,from which ten species were identified.Diplodia seriata was the dominant species(25%of isolates),followed by Neofusicoccum parvum(21.7%).Two species,Diplodia olivarum and D.africana are reported for the first time on grapevine.In addition,two new species namely Lasiodiplodia mediterranea sp.nov.from grapevine,holm oak and sweet orange and Lasiodiplodia exigua sp.nov.from broom bush are described.In artificial inoculation experiments conducted on excised green grapevine shoots and lignified canes as well as holm oak seedlings,L.mediterranea was shown to be an aggressive pathogen.展开更多
Guignardia citricarpa, the plant pathogenic fungus that causes citrus black spot, was recently introduced into the United States. The development of this disease in the presence of multiple applications of copper per ...Guignardia citricarpa, the plant pathogenic fungus that causes citrus black spot, was recently introduced into the United States. The development of this disease in the presence of multiple applications of copper per year to manage citrus canker warrants an investigation into the effects of copper on growth of isolates of G. citricarpa from citrus in Florida. Guignardia citricarpa and G. mangiferae isolates, confirmed by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing of ribosomal DNA and DNA homology, were inoculated on non-amended media and media amended with 50 and 500 μg·ml-1 copper sulfate. Radial colony growth was assessed over a 26 to 59 day period. Copper reduced the growth of G. citricarpa isolates in media amended with 500 μg·ml-1 copper but had variable effects on radial growth in media amended with 50 μg·ml-1 copper. There was little effect of copper on the in vitro growth of G. mangiferae isolates. Field application of copper with and without an adjuvant for the control of citrus black spot was undertaken in a commercial grove in Florida in 2011. Spray applications were made on a 23.3 ± 4.7 day interval and fruit accessed between December 2011 and March 2012 for black spot symptoms. Copper failed to reduce the proportion of fruit exhibiting symptoms compared to that of the controls.展开更多
以脐血橙Citrus.Sinensis(L).Osbeck cv. Washington Sangnine果实为试材,用1.0g/L SA对其浸泡30min后6℃恒温贮藏,对照用自来水浸泡30min后6℃恒温贮藏。对贮藏过程中不同时期果肉硬度、总色差、可溶性固形物含量、O2.-产生速率、单位...以脐血橙Citrus.Sinensis(L).Osbeck cv. Washington Sangnine果实为试材,用1.0g/L SA对其浸泡30min后6℃恒温贮藏,对照用自来水浸泡30min后6℃恒温贮藏。对贮藏过程中不同时期果肉硬度、总色差、可溶性固形物含量、O2.-产生速率、单位鲜重脯氨酸(Pro)含量、相对电导率、丙二醛(MDA)含量及脂氧合酶(LOX)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性进行了测定。结果表明:SA能有效地延缓脐血橙果实中SOD、CAT活性的降低,抑制果实中LOX活性和MDA含量的增加,降低果皮中超氧阴离子产生速率,提高果皮中脯氨酸含量,并且对提高果实可溶性固形物(TSS)含量、改善果实的色泽、硬度也有明显的效果。展开更多
基金Antonio Deidda and Bruno Scanu gratefully acknowledge Sardinia Regional Government for the financial support of the PhD scholarship and research grant,respectively(P.O.R.Sardegna F.S.E.Operational Programme of the Autonomous Region of Sardinia,European Social Fund 2007–2013-Axis IV Human Resources,Objective l.3,Line of Activity l.3.1.).
文摘The diversity of Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with“Botryosphaeria dieback”of grapevine was investigated in 18 vineyards in Sardinia,Italy.Lasiodiplodia isolates obtained from different woody hosts including holm oak,sweet orange and broom bush in Italy,Algeria and Tunisia were also characterized.Morphological and cultural characteristics as well as ITS and EF1-αsequence data were used to identify the fungal isolates.Forty-eight botryosphaeriaceous isolates were obtained from 113 symptomatic grapevine samples,from which ten species were identified.Diplodia seriata was the dominant species(25%of isolates),followed by Neofusicoccum parvum(21.7%).Two species,Diplodia olivarum and D.africana are reported for the first time on grapevine.In addition,two new species namely Lasiodiplodia mediterranea sp.nov.from grapevine,holm oak and sweet orange and Lasiodiplodia exigua sp.nov.from broom bush are described.In artificial inoculation experiments conducted on excised green grapevine shoots and lignified canes as well as holm oak seedlings,L.mediterranea was shown to be an aggressive pathogen.
文摘Guignardia citricarpa, the plant pathogenic fungus that causes citrus black spot, was recently introduced into the United States. The development of this disease in the presence of multiple applications of copper per year to manage citrus canker warrants an investigation into the effects of copper on growth of isolates of G. citricarpa from citrus in Florida. Guignardia citricarpa and G. mangiferae isolates, confirmed by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing of ribosomal DNA and DNA homology, were inoculated on non-amended media and media amended with 50 and 500 μg·ml-1 copper sulfate. Radial colony growth was assessed over a 26 to 59 day period. Copper reduced the growth of G. citricarpa isolates in media amended with 500 μg·ml-1 copper but had variable effects on radial growth in media amended with 50 μg·ml-1 copper. There was little effect of copper on the in vitro growth of G. mangiferae isolates. Field application of copper with and without an adjuvant for the control of citrus black spot was undertaken in a commercial grove in Florida in 2011. Spray applications were made on a 23.3 ± 4.7 day interval and fruit accessed between December 2011 and March 2012 for black spot symptoms. Copper failed to reduce the proportion of fruit exhibiting symptoms compared to that of the controls.
文摘以脐血橙Citrus.Sinensis(L).Osbeck cv. Washington Sangnine果实为试材,用1.0g/L SA对其浸泡30min后6℃恒温贮藏,对照用自来水浸泡30min后6℃恒温贮藏。对贮藏过程中不同时期果肉硬度、总色差、可溶性固形物含量、O2.-产生速率、单位鲜重脯氨酸(Pro)含量、相对电导率、丙二醛(MDA)含量及脂氧合酶(LOX)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性进行了测定。结果表明:SA能有效地延缓脐血橙果实中SOD、CAT活性的降低,抑制果实中LOX活性和MDA含量的增加,降低果皮中超氧阴离子产生速率,提高果皮中脯氨酸含量,并且对提高果实可溶性固形物(TSS)含量、改善果实的色泽、硬度也有明显的效果。
