A particle detector array designed for light-charged particles, known as the CsI-bowl, was built for exit channel selection for in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy experiments. This device is composed of 64 CsI(Tl) detectors,...A particle detector array designed for light-charged particles, known as the CsI-bowl, was built for exit channel selection for in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy experiments. This device is composed of 64 CsI(Tl) detectors, organized in a structure reminiscent of a tea-bowl. High quantum efficiency photodiodes, characterized by their minimal mass, were employed to collect scintillation light. Its design, construction, particle identification resolution, and its effectiveness in relation to exit channel selection are described in this paper. In source tests, the optimal figure of merit for the identification of α-particles and γ-rays using the charge comparison method was found to be 3.3 and 12.1 for CsI detectors coupled to photodiodes and avalanche photodiodes, respectively. The CsI-bowl demonstrated effectiveness in identifying particles, specifically the emission of protons and α-particles in the58Ni(19F, xpyn) fusion–evaporation reaction, thereby enabling the selection of the desired exit channels.展开更多
A digital pulse shape discrimination system based on a programmable module NI-5772 has been established and tested with an EJ-301 liquid scintillation detector. The module was operated by running programs developed in...A digital pulse shape discrimination system based on a programmable module NI-5772 has been established and tested with an EJ-301 liquid scintillation detector. The module was operated by running programs developed in Lab VIEW, with a sampling frequency up to 1.6 GS/s. Standard gamma sources ^22 Na,^137Cs and ^60 Co were used to calibrate the EJ-301 liquid scintillation detector, and the gamma response function was obtained. Digital algorithms for the charge comparison method and zero-crossing method have been developed. The experimental results show that both digital signal processing（DSP） algorithms can discriminate neutrons from γ-rays. Moreover,the zero-crossing method shows better n-γ discrimination at 80 ke Vee and lower, whereas the charge comparison method gives better results at higher thresholds. In addition, the figure-of-merit（FOM） for detectors of two different dimensions were extracted at 9 energy thresholds, and it was found that the smaller detector presented better n-γseparation for fission neutrons.展开更多
Neutrons have been extensively used in many fields,such as nuclear physics,biology,geology,medical science,and national defense,owing to their unique penetration characteristics.Gamma rays are usually accompanied by t...Neutrons have been extensively used in many fields,such as nuclear physics,biology,geology,medical science,and national defense,owing to their unique penetration characteristics.Gamma rays are usually accompanied by the detection of neutrons.The capability to discriminate neutrons from gamma rays is important for evaluating plastic scintillator neutron detectors because similar pulse shapes are generated from both forms of radiation in the detection system.The pulse signals measured by plastic scintillators contain noise,which decreases the accuracy of n-y discrimination.To improve the performance of n-y discrimination,the noise of the pulse signals should be filtered before the n-y discrimination process.In this study,the influences of the Fourier transform,wavelet transform,moving-average filter,and Kalman algorithm on the charge comparison method,fractal spectrum method,and back-propagation neural network methods were studied.It was found that the Fourier transform filtering algorithm exhibits better adaptability to the charge comparison method than others,with an increasing accuracy of 6.87%compared to that without the filtering process.Meanwhile,the Kalman filter offers an improvement of 3.04%over the fractal spectrum method,and the adaptability of the moving-average filter in backpropagation neural network discrimination is better than that in other methods,with an increase in 8.48%.The Kalman filtering algorithm has a significant impact on the peak value of the pulse,reaching 4.49%,and it has an insignificant impact on the energy resolution of the spectrum measurement after discrimination.展开更多
A VME-based experiment system for n-y discrimination using the charge comparison method was established.A data acquisition program for controlling the programmable modules and processing data online via VME64X bus was...A VME-based experiment system for n-y discrimination using the charge comparison method was established.A data acquisition program for controlling the programmable modules and processing data online via VME64X bus was developed through the use of Lab VIEW.The two-dimensional（2D） scatter plots of the charge in the slow component vs.the total charge from ^（241）Am-Be and 252Cf neutron sources are presented.The 2D scatter plots of the energy vs.the ratio of the charge in the slow component to the total charge of the pulses are also presented.The quality of n-γ discrimination was checked by the figure-of-merit,and the results showed good performance of n-γ discrimination at the low energy range.Neutrons and γ-rays were separated above 50 keVee（electron-equivalent energy）.The quality of n-γ discrimination has been improved compared with others＇ results at five energies（150,250,350,450,550 keVee）.展开更多
基金supported by the Major program of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2020ZD30)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11775133,U2167202,U1432119).
文摘A particle detector array designed for light-charged particles, known as the CsI-bowl, was built for exit channel selection for in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy experiments. This device is composed of 64 CsI(Tl) detectors, organized in a structure reminiscent of a tea-bowl. High quantum efficiency photodiodes, characterized by their minimal mass, were employed to collect scintillation light. Its design, construction, particle identification resolution, and its effectiveness in relation to exit channel selection are described in this paper. In source tests, the optimal figure of merit for the identification of α-particles and γ-rays using the charge comparison method was found to be 3.3 and 12.1 for CsI detectors coupled to photodiodes and avalanche photodiodes, respectively. The CsI-bowl demonstrated effectiveness in identifying particles, specifically the emission of protons and α-particles in the58Ni(19F, xpyn) fusion–evaporation reaction, thereby enabling the selection of the desired exit channels.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(91226107,11305229)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA03030300)
文摘A digital pulse shape discrimination system based on a programmable module NI-5772 has been established and tested with an EJ-301 liquid scintillation detector. The module was operated by running programs developed in Lab VIEW, with a sampling frequency up to 1.6 GS/s. Standard gamma sources ^22 Na,^137Cs and ^60 Co were used to calibrate the EJ-301 liquid scintillation detector, and the gamma response function was obtained. Digital algorithms for the charge comparison method and zero-crossing method have been developed. The experimental results show that both digital signal processing（DSP） algorithms can discriminate neutrons from γ-rays. Moreover,the zero-crossing method shows better n-γ discrimination at 80 ke Vee and lower, whereas the charge comparison method gives better results at higher thresholds. In addition, the figure-of-merit（FOM） for detectors of two different dimensions were extracted at 9 energy thresholds, and it was found that the smaller detector presented better n-γseparation for fission neutrons.
基金supported by the Key Natural Science Projects of the Sichuan Education Department(No.18ZA0067)the Key Science and Technology Projects of Leshan(No.19SZD117)。
文摘Neutrons have been extensively used in many fields,such as nuclear physics,biology,geology,medical science,and national defense,owing to their unique penetration characteristics.Gamma rays are usually accompanied by the detection of neutrons.The capability to discriminate neutrons from gamma rays is important for evaluating plastic scintillator neutron detectors because similar pulse shapes are generated from both forms of radiation in the detection system.The pulse signals measured by plastic scintillators contain noise,which decreases the accuracy of n-y discrimination.To improve the performance of n-y discrimination,the noise of the pulse signals should be filtered before the n-y discrimination process.In this study,the influences of the Fourier transform,wavelet transform,moving-average filter,and Kalman algorithm on the charge comparison method,fractal spectrum method,and back-propagation neural network methods were studied.It was found that the Fourier transform filtering algorithm exhibits better adaptability to the charge comparison method than others,with an increasing accuracy of 6.87%compared to that without the filtering process.Meanwhile,the Kalman filter offers an improvement of 3.04%over the fractal spectrum method,and the adaptability of the moving-average filter in backpropagation neural network discrimination is better than that in other methods,with an increase in 8.48%.The Kalman filtering algorithm has a significant impact on the peak value of the pulse,reaching 4.49%,and it has an insignificant impact on the energy resolution of the spectrum measurement after discrimination.
文摘A VME-based experiment system for n-y discrimination using the charge comparison method was established.A data acquisition program for controlling the programmable modules and processing data online via VME64X bus was developed through the use of Lab VIEW.The two-dimensional（2D） scatter plots of the charge in the slow component vs.the total charge from ^（241）Am-Be and 252Cf neutron sources are presented.The 2D scatter plots of the energy vs.the ratio of the charge in the slow component to the total charge of the pulses are also presented.The quality of n-γ discrimination was checked by the figure-of-merit,and the results showed good performance of n-γ discrimination at the low energy range.Neutrons and γ-rays were separated above 50 keVee（electron-equivalent energy）.The quality of n-γ discrimination has been improved compared with others＇ results at five energies（150,250,350,450,550 keVee）.
