A crucial aspect of prostate cancer grading, especially in low- and intermediate-risk cancer, is the accurate identification of Gleason pattern 4 glands, which includes ill-formed or fused glands. However, there is no...A crucial aspect of prostate cancer grading, especially in low- and intermediate-risk cancer, is the accurate identification of Gleason pattern 4 glands, which includes ill-formed or fused glands. However, there is notable inconsistency among pathologists in recognizing these glands, especially when mixed with pattern 3 glands. This inconsistency has significant implications for patient management and treatment decisions. Conversely, the recognition of glomeruloid and cribriform architecture has shown higher reproducibility. Cribriform architecture, in particular, has been linked to the worst prognosis among pattern 4 subtypes. Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) is also associated with high-grade cancer and poor prognosis. Accurate identification, classification, and tumor size evaluation by pathologists are vital for determining patient treatment. This review emphasizes the importance of prostate cancer grading, highlighting challenges like distinguishing between pattern 3 and pattern 4 and the prognostic implications of cribriform architecture and intraductal proliferations. It also addresses the inherent grading limitations due to interobserver variability and explores the potential of computational pathology to enhance pathologist accuracy and consistency.展开更多
Primary salivary gland-type carcinoma of the nasopharynx is a rare malignancy with aggressive clinical behavior and poor prognosis. Few cases have been reported in the literature. We report the case of a salivary glan...Primary salivary gland-type carcinoma of the nasopharynx is a rare malignancy with aggressive clinical behavior and poor prognosis. Few cases have been reported in the literature. We report the case of a salivary gland-type carcinoma of the nasopharynx diagnosed in a 70-year-old woman managed in department of radiotherapy at Hassan II University Hospital in Morocco. The patient received a total of 70 Gy of radiations, which were divided into 2 Gy per session during 7 weeks. Follow-up was performed regularly, including nasal endoscopic examination and nasopharyngeal CT. Evolution was marked by disease control after 12 months of follow-up. The aim of this work is to show the rarity of this entity, describe clinical, radiological and histological features and finally discuss the treatment management.展开更多
Background: Olfactory neuroblastoma also known as Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is a tumor arising from the basal layer of olfactory epithelium in the superior recess of the nasal cavity in the region of cribriform plat...Background: Olfactory neuroblastoma also known as Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is a tumor arising from the basal layer of olfactory epithelium in the superior recess of the nasal cavity in the region of cribriform plate. Incidence peaks once in 11 - 20 years of age and again in 50 - 60 years of age. It is equally found in men and women. Aim: The main aim of this case report is to characterize the clinical features of ENB showing nasopharyngeal involvement and its importance in the differential diagnosis of sinonasal neuroendocrine malignancies. Case presentation: Two cases are reported. The first case was a 21-year-old male with symptoms of nasal obstruction, recurrent epistaxis, nasal discharge, headache and paresthesia over the face with an evolution of 1 year with no previous history of trauma. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy revealed reddish gray mass filling bilateral nasal cavities. Posterior rhinoscopy revealed mass coming through choanae and filling the nasopharynx. Endoscopic resection of tumor was done and postoperatively all the symptoms of the patient resolved. The second case was a 62-year-old male with complaints of nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, recurrent epistaxis, anosmia and difficulty in swallowing. On computed tomography, anteriorly, the mass was extending up to external nares and posteriorly up to the nasopharynx, superiorly up to nasal roof and inferiorly up to hard palate. No obvious erosion of floor of anterior cranial fossa was seen. No intracranial extension was seen. Surgery was advised but patient refused to undergo any treatment. Conclusion: This study highlights the characteristics and clinical features of ENB showing nasopharyngeal involvement and their importance in the differential diagnosis of sinonasal neuroendocrine malignancies.展开更多
Air guns and rifles are usually considered to be harmless. Even though these firearms are categorized as toys, injuries with these are quite common in children and adolescents. The most common reason for these types o...Air guns and rifles are usually considered to be harmless. Even though these firearms are categorized as toys, injuries with these are quite common in children and adolescents. The most common reason for these types of injuries is accidents and negligence. In this case report we present a 17-year-old male, admitted to the emergency department with a 5 mm incision below his left eye. In the CT imaging a pellet was seen lodged in the cribriform plate. It pierced through the ethmoid sinus. The patient was admitted to the inpatient clinic and managed conservatively with antibiotherapy. A review of literature was performed to find out the best strategy to reach an optimized outcome and evaluate probable complications.展开更多
This article presents a case of low-grade cribriform cystadenocarcinomas(LGCCC),a rare salivary gland tumor manifesting in the infratemporal fossa(ITF).The lesion in this case is unique in its location,histopathology,...This article presents a case of low-grade cribriform cystadenocarcinomas(LGCCC),a rare salivary gland tumor manifesting in the infratemporal fossa(ITF).The lesion in this case is unique in its location,histopathology,and management in that the tumor resection was performed using an exclusively endoscopic,endonasal approach.This case highlights the expanding application of endoscopic skull base techniques to address an indolent,slow-growing malignancy of the ITF.展开更多
目的探讨乳腺浸润性筛状癌(invasive cribriform carc inom a,ICC)的临床病理及免疫表型特点。方法收集6例ICC的临床资料,观察它们HE形态,并进行免疫组化检测,选用的一抗有CK5、CK(34βE12)、CK8、S-100蛋白、SMA、CD10、ER、PR、c-erb...目的探讨乳腺浸润性筛状癌(invasive cribriform carc inom a,ICC)的临床病理及免疫表型特点。方法收集6例ICC的临床资料,观察它们HE形态,并进行免疫组化检测,选用的一抗有CK5、CK(34βE12)、CK8、S-100蛋白、SMA、CD10、ER、PR、c-erbB-2、CgA、PCNA、E-cad。结果本研究将ICC分为两组:经典型和混合型。它们具有以下特征:①以浸润性筛状结构占优势,细胞排列成浸润性的有棱角的岛屿状,筛孔较不规则。肿瘤细胞小,呈低或中级核级,核分裂象罕见。在多数癌巢周围有反应性纤维母细胞性间质增生。②免疫表型:肌上皮标记(S-100蛋白、SMA、CD10)及CK(34βE12)肿瘤细胞巢均阴性,而个别肿瘤累及的TDLU周围部分肌上皮标记阳性;激素受体(ER、PR)均阳性;c-erbB-2阴性,PCNA、E-cad呈不同程度的阳性;CgA均阴性。③临床资料:经典型ICC年龄均值较混合型ICC大,肿块大小较混合型ICC小,病程较混合型ICC短,腋窝淋巴结转移少见,转移灶仍保持筛状结构。结论ICC有其独特的组织学特征及免疫表型,是一种独立的临床病理类型。展开更多
目的探讨具有筛状结构的涎腺基底细胞腺瘤(cribriform type of salivary basal cell adenoma,cSBCA)临床病理及分子遗传学特征。方法回顾性分析9例cSBCA的临床病理资料,采用免疫组化检测Ki-67、S-100、CD117、CK19、p63、SMA、β-cateni...目的探讨具有筛状结构的涎腺基底细胞腺瘤(cribriform type of salivary basal cell adenoma,cSBCA)临床病理及分子遗传学特征。方法回顾性分析9例cSBCA的临床病理资料,采用免疫组化检测Ki-67、S-100、CD117、CK19、p63、SMA、β-catenin、LEF-1、E-cadherin及Cyclin D1的表达,应用FISH检测CTNNB1基因及MYB-NFIB融合基因。结果9例cSBCA均有包膜,与周围组织分界清楚,筛状结构占10%~90%,主要分布于肿瘤边缘及包膜内,呈包膜内浸润性生长,大部分瘤巢的长轴与包膜呈平行关系,均未见神经、血管及周围组织侵犯。筛状结构由基底样/肌上皮样细胞构成,腔内见阿尔辛蓝阳性黏液物。免疫表型:Ki-67增殖指数1%~3%,β-catenin及LEF-1核阳性。分子遗传学显示均无CTNNB1扩增或缺失突变及MYB-NFIB融合基因。随访12~98个月,患者均无复发或转移。结论cSBCA易被误诊为腺样囊性癌(adenoid cystic carcinoma,ACC),结合临床病理学特征可资鉴别。展开更多
文摘A crucial aspect of prostate cancer grading, especially in low- and intermediate-risk cancer, is the accurate identification of Gleason pattern 4 glands, which includes ill-formed or fused glands. However, there is notable inconsistency among pathologists in recognizing these glands, especially when mixed with pattern 3 glands. This inconsistency has significant implications for patient management and treatment decisions. Conversely, the recognition of glomeruloid and cribriform architecture has shown higher reproducibility. Cribriform architecture, in particular, has been linked to the worst prognosis among pattern 4 subtypes. Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) is also associated with high-grade cancer and poor prognosis. Accurate identification, classification, and tumor size evaluation by pathologists are vital for determining patient treatment. This review emphasizes the importance of prostate cancer grading, highlighting challenges like distinguishing between pattern 3 and pattern 4 and the prognostic implications of cribriform architecture and intraductal proliferations. It also addresses the inherent grading limitations due to interobserver variability and explores the potential of computational pathology to enhance pathologist accuracy and consistency.
文摘Primary salivary gland-type carcinoma of the nasopharynx is a rare malignancy with aggressive clinical behavior and poor prognosis. Few cases have been reported in the literature. We report the case of a salivary gland-type carcinoma of the nasopharynx diagnosed in a 70-year-old woman managed in department of radiotherapy at Hassan II University Hospital in Morocco. The patient received a total of 70 Gy of radiations, which were divided into 2 Gy per session during 7 weeks. Follow-up was performed regularly, including nasal endoscopic examination and nasopharyngeal CT. Evolution was marked by disease control after 12 months of follow-up. The aim of this work is to show the rarity of this entity, describe clinical, radiological and histological features and finally discuss the treatment management.
文摘Background: Olfactory neuroblastoma also known as Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is a tumor arising from the basal layer of olfactory epithelium in the superior recess of the nasal cavity in the region of cribriform plate. Incidence peaks once in 11 - 20 years of age and again in 50 - 60 years of age. It is equally found in men and women. Aim: The main aim of this case report is to characterize the clinical features of ENB showing nasopharyngeal involvement and its importance in the differential diagnosis of sinonasal neuroendocrine malignancies. Case presentation: Two cases are reported. The first case was a 21-year-old male with symptoms of nasal obstruction, recurrent epistaxis, nasal discharge, headache and paresthesia over the face with an evolution of 1 year with no previous history of trauma. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy revealed reddish gray mass filling bilateral nasal cavities. Posterior rhinoscopy revealed mass coming through choanae and filling the nasopharynx. Endoscopic resection of tumor was done and postoperatively all the symptoms of the patient resolved. The second case was a 62-year-old male with complaints of nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, recurrent epistaxis, anosmia and difficulty in swallowing. On computed tomography, anteriorly, the mass was extending up to external nares and posteriorly up to the nasopharynx, superiorly up to nasal roof and inferiorly up to hard palate. No obvious erosion of floor of anterior cranial fossa was seen. No intracranial extension was seen. Surgery was advised but patient refused to undergo any treatment. Conclusion: This study highlights the characteristics and clinical features of ENB showing nasopharyngeal involvement and their importance in the differential diagnosis of sinonasal neuroendocrine malignancies.
文摘Air guns and rifles are usually considered to be harmless. Even though these firearms are categorized as toys, injuries with these are quite common in children and adolescents. The most common reason for these types of injuries is accidents and negligence. In this case report we present a 17-year-old male, admitted to the emergency department with a 5 mm incision below his left eye. In the CT imaging a pellet was seen lodged in the cribriform plate. It pierced through the ethmoid sinus. The patient was admitted to the inpatient clinic and managed conservatively with antibiotherapy. A review of literature was performed to find out the best strategy to reach an optimized outcome and evaluate probable complications.
文摘This article presents a case of low-grade cribriform cystadenocarcinomas(LGCCC),a rare salivary gland tumor manifesting in the infratemporal fossa(ITF).The lesion in this case is unique in its location,histopathology,and management in that the tumor resection was performed using an exclusively endoscopic,endonasal approach.This case highlights the expanding application of endoscopic skull base techniques to address an indolent,slow-growing malignancy of the ITF.
文摘目的探讨乳腺浸润性筛状癌(invasive cribriform carc inom a,ICC)的临床病理及免疫表型特点。方法收集6例ICC的临床资料,观察它们HE形态,并进行免疫组化检测,选用的一抗有CK5、CK(34βE12)、CK8、S-100蛋白、SMA、CD10、ER、PR、c-erbB-2、CgA、PCNA、E-cad。结果本研究将ICC分为两组:经典型和混合型。它们具有以下特征:①以浸润性筛状结构占优势,细胞排列成浸润性的有棱角的岛屿状,筛孔较不规则。肿瘤细胞小,呈低或中级核级,核分裂象罕见。在多数癌巢周围有反应性纤维母细胞性间质增生。②免疫表型:肌上皮标记(S-100蛋白、SMA、CD10)及CK(34βE12)肿瘤细胞巢均阴性,而个别肿瘤累及的TDLU周围部分肌上皮标记阳性;激素受体(ER、PR)均阳性;c-erbB-2阴性,PCNA、E-cad呈不同程度的阳性;CgA均阴性。③临床资料:经典型ICC年龄均值较混合型ICC大,肿块大小较混合型ICC小,病程较混合型ICC短,腋窝淋巴结转移少见,转移灶仍保持筛状结构。结论ICC有其独特的组织学特征及免疫表型,是一种独立的临床病理类型。
文摘目的探讨具有筛状结构的涎腺基底细胞腺瘤(cribriform type of salivary basal cell adenoma,cSBCA)临床病理及分子遗传学特征。方法回顾性分析9例cSBCA的临床病理资料,采用免疫组化检测Ki-67、S-100、CD117、CK19、p63、SMA、β-catenin、LEF-1、E-cadherin及Cyclin D1的表达,应用FISH检测CTNNB1基因及MYB-NFIB融合基因。结果9例cSBCA均有包膜,与周围组织分界清楚,筛状结构占10%~90%,主要分布于肿瘤边缘及包膜内,呈包膜内浸润性生长,大部分瘤巢的长轴与包膜呈平行关系,均未见神经、血管及周围组织侵犯。筛状结构由基底样/肌上皮样细胞构成,腔内见阿尔辛蓝阳性黏液物。免疫表型:Ki-67增殖指数1%~3%,β-catenin及LEF-1核阳性。分子遗传学显示均无CTNNB1扩增或缺失突变及MYB-NFIB融合基因。随访12~98个月,患者均无复发或转移。结论cSBCA易被误诊为腺样囊性癌(adenoid cystic carcinoma,ACC),结合临床病理学特征可资鉴别。
