【目的】明确室内条件下挥发性化合物苯并噻唑对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang的生物活性。【方法】采用三角瓶密闭熏蒸法测定了苯并噻唑对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫、卵、幼虫和蛹的熏蒸活性；利用Oxytherm氧电极研究了苯并...【目的】明确室内条件下挥发性化合物苯并噻唑对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang的生物活性。【方法】采用三角瓶密闭熏蒸法测定了苯并噻唑对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫、卵、幼虫和蛹的熏蒸活性；利用Oxytherm氧电极研究了苯并噻唑对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫呼吸速率的影响；利用“Y”型嗅觉仪测定了韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫对苯并噻唑的行为反应。【结果】苯并噻唑对雌雄成虫处理0．5～2．0h的LC50分别为0．186～0．052和0．163～0．039μL／L；在0．01～0．13μL／L剂量下对卵熏蒸处理24h，第6天卵孵化率为4．83％一82．39％，而对照组孵化率为96．97％；苯并噻唑熏蒸4龄幼虫6～72h的LC50变化范围为1．247～0．248μL／L；0．01～0．09μL／L剂量熏蒸蛹24h，第5天的羽化率为8．17％～69．63％，对照组羽化率为96．23％。用0．052和0.039μL／L浓度分别处理雌雄成虫测定2．5h内呼吸速率的变化，表现为处理组初始呼吸速率明显高于对照组，然后逐渐降低至与对照组持平，最后明显低于相同处理时间对照组呼吸速率。“Y”型嗅觉仪测定结果表明，苯并噻唑对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫有较强的引诱作用。在0．5L／min空气流速条件下，0．5止的苯并噻唑对雌雄成虫的引诱率分别为88．33％和78．53％。【结论】苯并噻唑对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊各虫态有很好的毒杀效果，并对成虫有强烈的引诱作用。展开更多
Benzothiazole (BTH) and its derivatives are organic molecules with biologic actions. Because of their many applications, they are produced on a massive scale and used in a number of environmental compartments. Their d...Benzothiazole (BTH) and its derivatives are organic molecules with biologic actions. Because of their many applications, they are produced on a massive scale and used in a number of environmental compartments. Their discharge into water produces environmental problems, exposing our environment to public health problems. A solution that can contribute to their deterioration is becoming a necessity. For this reason, a conceptual analysis of the reactivity of benzothiazole and four of its compounds was undertaken in order to investigate certain aspects of their biodegradability. A theoretical investigations of the compounds studied were conducted in the gas and water phases with the most widely used density functional theory method, Becke-3-Parameter-Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) with 6-31G+ (d, p) basis. Reactivity study calculated global indices of reactivity revealed that 2-SCH3_BTH is the most reactive. Dipole moment values analysis reveals that 2-NH2_BTH is the most soluble in water, while the lipophilicity shows that 2-NH2_BTH is the most hydrophilic compound. Thermodynamic parameters values reflect that reactions are respectively exothermic and spontaneous. By analyzing an Electrostatic Molecular Potential (EMP) map, researchers can pinpoint reactive sites on a molecule and anticipate its reactivity. This assessment is further enhanced by incorporating global and local reactivity descriptors. Additionally, an exploration of frontier molecular orbitals offers valuable insights into the molecule’s charge transfer characteristics. Moreover, a combined examination of internal and external molecular interactions unveils hyperconjugative interactions arising from charge delocalization, as elucidated through natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis.展开更多
文摘【目的】明确室内条件下挥发性化合物苯并噻唑对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊Bradysia odoriphaga Yang et Zhang的生物活性。【方法】采用三角瓶密闭熏蒸法测定了苯并噻唑对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫、卵、幼虫和蛹的熏蒸活性；利用Oxytherm氧电极研究了苯并噻唑对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫呼吸速率的影响；利用“Y”型嗅觉仪测定了韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫对苯并噻唑的行为反应。【结果】苯并噻唑对雌雄成虫处理0．5～2．0h的LC50分别为0．186～0．052和0．163～0．039μL／L；在0．01～0．13μL／L剂量下对卵熏蒸处理24h，第6天卵孵化率为4．83％一82．39％，而对照组孵化率为96．97％；苯并噻唑熏蒸4龄幼虫6～72h的LC50变化范围为1．247～0．248μL／L；0．01～0．09μL／L剂量熏蒸蛹24h，第5天的羽化率为8．17％～69．63％，对照组羽化率为96．23％。用0．052和0.039μL／L浓度分别处理雌雄成虫测定2．5h内呼吸速率的变化，表现为处理组初始呼吸速率明显高于对照组，然后逐渐降低至与对照组持平，最后明显低于相同处理时间对照组呼吸速率。“Y”型嗅觉仪测定结果表明，苯并噻唑对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊成虫有较强的引诱作用。在0．5L／min空气流速条件下，0．5止的苯并噻唑对雌雄成虫的引诱率分别为88．33％和78．53％。【结论】苯并噻唑对韭菜迟眼蕈蚊各虫态有很好的毒杀效果，并对成虫有强烈的引诱作用。
文摘Benzothiazole (BTH) and its derivatives are organic molecules with biologic actions. Because of their many applications, they are produced on a massive scale and used in a number of environmental compartments. Their discharge into water produces environmental problems, exposing our environment to public health problems. A solution that can contribute to their deterioration is becoming a necessity. For this reason, a conceptual analysis of the reactivity of benzothiazole and four of its compounds was undertaken in order to investigate certain aspects of their biodegradability. A theoretical investigations of the compounds studied were conducted in the gas and water phases with the most widely used density functional theory method, Becke-3-Parameter-Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) with 6-31G+ (d, p) basis. Reactivity study calculated global indices of reactivity revealed that 2-SCH3_BTH is the most reactive. Dipole moment values analysis reveals that 2-NH2_BTH is the most soluble in water, while the lipophilicity shows that 2-NH2_BTH is the most hydrophilic compound. Thermodynamic parameters values reflect that reactions are respectively exothermic and spontaneous. By analyzing an Electrostatic Molecular Potential (EMP) map, researchers can pinpoint reactive sites on a molecule and anticipate its reactivity. This assessment is further enhanced by incorporating global and local reactivity descriptors. Additionally, an exploration of frontier molecular orbitals offers valuable insights into the molecule’s charge transfer characteristics. Moreover, a combined examination of internal and external molecular interactions unveils hyperconjugative interactions arising from charge delocalization, as elucidated through natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis.
