Objective:To characterize the expression of aquaporin-4(AQP4),one of the aquaporins(AQPs),in human brainspecimens from patients with traumatic brain injury or brain tumors.Methods:Nineteen hnman brain specimens were o...Objective:To characterize the expression of aquaporin-4(AQP4),one of the aquaporins(AQPs),in human brainspecimens from patients with traumatic brain injury or brain tumors.Methods:Nineteen hnman brain specimens were obtahledfrom the patients with traumatic brain injury,brain tumors,benign meningioma or early stage hemorrhagic stroke.MRI or CTimaging was used to assess brain edema.Hematoxylin and eosm staining were used to evaluate cell damage,Immunohistochem-istry was used to detect the AQP4 expression.Results:AQP4 expression was increased from 15 h to at least 8 d after injury.AQP4immunoreactivity was strong around astrocytomas,ganglioglioma and metastatic adenocarcinoma.However,AQP4 immunore-activity was only found in the centers of astrocytomas and ganglioglioma,but not in metastatic adenocarcinoma derived from lung.Conclusion:AQP4 expression increases in human brains alter traumatic brain injury,within brain-derived tumors,and aroundbrain tumors.展开更多
为了拓展藤黄在中医临床的应用,研究其内服的毒性及炮制减毒的机制是必要的。通过巨噬细胞RAW264.7释放炎症介质(一氧化氮NO、肿瘤坏死因子TNF-α和白细胞介素IL-6)和灌胃给予藤黄生品和炮制品后大鼠胃和十二指肠组织的病理表现,判断其...为了拓展藤黄在中医临床的应用,研究其内服的毒性及炮制减毒的机制是必要的。通过巨噬细胞RAW264.7释放炎症介质(一氧化氮NO、肿瘤坏死因子TNF-α和白细胞介素IL-6)和灌胃给予藤黄生品和炮制品后大鼠胃和十二指肠组织的病理表现,判断其毒性作用;采用免疫组化和实时荧光定量PCR技术检测灌胃给药后,大鼠胃和十二指肠组织AQP3,AQP4蛋白和m RNA的表达,研究藤黄炮制减毒的机制。结果表明,藤黄生品可促进炎症介质NO,TNF-α和IL-6的释放,且与剂量呈相关性;藤黄制品组与生品组比较,NO和IL-6的释放量降低,TNF-α的释放量增加;藤黄生品可引起大鼠腹泻、白细胞升高、淋巴细胞降低,使胃黏膜充血水肿,肠黏膜坏死和炎细胞浸润,从多个角度证明内服生藤黄对胃和十二指肠组织的毒性为致炎毒性,致炎毒性与给药剂量呈相关性,炮制后藤黄的致炎毒性降低。在藤黄对胃和十二指肠组织致炎的同时,藤黄生品高剂量组大鼠胃和十二指肠组织水通道蛋白AQP3,AQP4 m RNA和蛋白表达量显著增加(P<0.05),相应剂量藤黄制品组大鼠AQP3,AQP4表达量较生藤黄组低,说明AQP3,AQP4蛋白和m RNA表达量的高低与藤黄的致炎作用强弱有一致性。通过降低AQP3,AQP4的表达水平可能是藤黄炮制减毒的作用机制之一。展开更多
文摘Objective:To characterize the expression of aquaporin-4(AQP4),one of the aquaporins(AQPs),in human brainspecimens from patients with traumatic brain injury or brain tumors.Methods:Nineteen hnman brain specimens were obtahledfrom the patients with traumatic brain injury,brain tumors,benign meningioma or early stage hemorrhagic stroke.MRI or CTimaging was used to assess brain edema.Hematoxylin and eosm staining were used to evaluate cell damage,Immunohistochem-istry was used to detect the AQP4 expression.Results:AQP4 expression was increased from 15 h to at least 8 d after injury.AQP4immunoreactivity was strong around astrocytomas,ganglioglioma and metastatic adenocarcinoma.However,AQP4 immunore-activity was only found in the centers of astrocytomas and ganglioglioma,but not in metastatic adenocarcinoma derived from lung.Conclusion:AQP4 expression increases in human brains alter traumatic brain injury,within brain-derived tumors,and aroundbrain tumors.
文摘为了拓展藤黄在中医临床的应用,研究其内服的毒性及炮制减毒的机制是必要的。通过巨噬细胞RAW264.7释放炎症介质(一氧化氮NO、肿瘤坏死因子TNF-α和白细胞介素IL-6)和灌胃给予藤黄生品和炮制品后大鼠胃和十二指肠组织的病理表现,判断其毒性作用;采用免疫组化和实时荧光定量PCR技术检测灌胃给药后,大鼠胃和十二指肠组织AQP3,AQP4蛋白和m RNA的表达,研究藤黄炮制减毒的机制。结果表明,藤黄生品可促进炎症介质NO,TNF-α和IL-6的释放,且与剂量呈相关性;藤黄制品组与生品组比较,NO和IL-6的释放量降低,TNF-α的释放量增加;藤黄生品可引起大鼠腹泻、白细胞升高、淋巴细胞降低,使胃黏膜充血水肿,肠黏膜坏死和炎细胞浸润,从多个角度证明内服生藤黄对胃和十二指肠组织的毒性为致炎毒性,致炎毒性与给药剂量呈相关性,炮制后藤黄的致炎毒性降低。在藤黄对胃和十二指肠组织致炎的同时,藤黄生品高剂量组大鼠胃和十二指肠组织水通道蛋白AQP3,AQP4 m RNA和蛋白表达量显著增加(P<0.05),相应剂量藤黄制品组大鼠AQP3,AQP4表达量较生藤黄组低,说明AQP3,AQP4蛋白和m RNA表达量的高低与藤黄的致炎作用强弱有一致性。通过降低AQP3,AQP4的表达水平可能是藤黄炮制减毒的作用机制之一。
