We studied the responses of the activities of adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) sulfurylase (ATPS) and serine acetyltransferase (SAT) to cadmium (Cd) levels and treatment time in hyperaccumulating ecotype (HE) Sedum alfred...We studied the responses of the activities of adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) sulfurylase (ATPS) and serine acetyltransferase (SAT) to cadmium (Cd) levels and treatment time in hyperaccumulating ecotype (HE) Sedum alfredii Hance, as compared with its non-hyperaccumulating ecotype (NHE). The results show that plant growth was inhibited in NHE but promoted in HE when exposed to high Cd level. Cd concentrations in leaves and shoots rapidly increased in HE rather than in NHE, and they became much higher in HE than in NHE along with increasing treatment time and Cd supply levels. ATPS activity was higher in HE than in NHE in all Cd treatments, and increased with increasing Cd supply levels in both HE and NHE when exposed to Cd treatment within 8 h. However, a marked difference of ATPS activity between HE and NHE was found with Cd treatment for 168 h, where ATPS activity increased in HE but decreased in NHE. Similarly, SAT activity was higher in HE than in NHE at all Cd treatments, but was more sensitive in NHE than in HE. Both ATPS and SAT activities in NHE leaves tended to decrease with increasing treatment time after 8 h at all Cd levels. The results reveal the different responses in sulfur assimilation enzymes and Cd accumulation between HE and NHE. With increasing Cd stress, the activities of sulfur assimilation enzymes (ATPS and SAT) were induced in HE, which may contribute to Cd accumulation in the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance.展开更多
At the present,association of mitochondrial dysfunction and progression of neurological disorders has gained significant attention.Defects in mitochondrial network dynamics,point mutations,deletions,and interaction of...At the present,association of mitochondrial dysfunction and progression of neurological disorders has gained significant attention.Defects in mitochondrial network dynamics,point mutations,deletions,and interaction of pathogenomic proteins with mitochondria are some of the possible underlying mechanisms involved in these neurological disorders.Mitochondrial genetics,defects in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation machinery,and reactive oxygen species production might share common crosstalk in the progression of these neurological disorders.It is of significant interests to explore and develop therapeutic strategies aimed at correcting mitochondrial abnormalities.This review provided insights on mitochondrial dysfunction/mutations involved in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease,Huntington’s disease,and epilepsy with a special focus on Parkinson’s disease pathology.Along with the deleterious effects of mitochondrial mutations in aforesaid neurological disorders,this paper unraveled the available therapeutic strategy,specifically aiming to improve mitochondrial dysfunction,drugs targeting mitochondrial proteins,gene therapies aimed at correcting mutant mtDNA,peptide-based approaches,and lipophilic cations.展开更多
目的探讨腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)参与缺氧预处理的保护作用及机制。方法将大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤PC12细胞分为空白对照组(Control)、单纯缺氧预处理组(Hyp)、缺氧预处理+缺氧组(Hyp+OGD)、单纯缺氧组(OGD...目的探讨腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)参与缺氧预处理的保护作用及机制。方法将大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤PC12细胞分为空白对照组(Control)、单纯缺氧预处理组(Hyp)、缺氧预处理+缺氧组(Hyp+OGD)、单纯缺氧组(OGD)。通过噻唑蓝(MTT)细胞活力测定及DAPI核染色法判定细胞的损伤程度;Western Blot测定细胞内腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶α亚基(AMPKα)、磷酸化的AMPKα(P-AMPKα)及过氧化物酶体增生激活受体的共刺激因子-1α(PGC-1α)的蛋白表达水平。结果 4组间细胞活性有统计学差异(F=127,P<0.01),OGD组细胞活性减少至48%(与Control组相比,P<0.01),而Hyp+OGD组细胞的活力回升至62.5%(与OGD组相比,P<0.01)。4组细胞间三磷酸腺苷(ATP)含量有统计学差异(F=584.833,P<0.01),Hyp+OGD组ATP含量为0.114507±0.001837,较OGD组增加0.048266(P<0.01)。Hyp+OGD组和OGD组AMPKα的蛋白表达增加(与Control组相比,P<0.01)。4组间P-AMPKα、PGC-1α的表达均有统计学差异(F分别为17.496、13.421,P均<0.01),缺氧预处理及缺氧刺激均可上调2种蛋白的表达(与Control组相比,P<0.05),Hyp+OGD组较OGD组蛋白表达的增加更明显(P<0.05)。结论缺氧预处理可产生细胞保护作用,缺氧预处理后AMPK可能通过PGC-1α促进ATP的生成,进而发挥重要的细胞保护作用。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30630046)the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China (No. 2006AA06Z386)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University, China (No. IRT0536)
文摘We studied the responses of the activities of adenosine-triphosphate (ATP) sulfurylase (ATPS) and serine acetyltransferase (SAT) to cadmium (Cd) levels and treatment time in hyperaccumulating ecotype (HE) Sedum alfredii Hance, as compared with its non-hyperaccumulating ecotype (NHE). The results show that plant growth was inhibited in NHE but promoted in HE when exposed to high Cd level. Cd concentrations in leaves and shoots rapidly increased in HE rather than in NHE, and they became much higher in HE than in NHE along with increasing treatment time and Cd supply levels. ATPS activity was higher in HE than in NHE in all Cd treatments, and increased with increasing Cd supply levels in both HE and NHE when exposed to Cd treatment within 8 h. However, a marked difference of ATPS activity between HE and NHE was found with Cd treatment for 168 h, where ATPS activity increased in HE but decreased in NHE. Similarly, SAT activity was higher in HE than in NHE at all Cd treatments, but was more sensitive in NHE than in HE. Both ATPS and SAT activities in NHE leaves tended to decrease with increasing treatment time after 8 h at all Cd levels. The results reveal the different responses in sulfur assimilation enzymes and Cd accumulation between HE and NHE. With increasing Cd stress, the activities of sulfur assimilation enzymes (ATPS and SAT) were induced in HE, which may contribute to Cd accumulation in the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii Hance.
文摘At the present,association of mitochondrial dysfunction and progression of neurological disorders has gained significant attention.Defects in mitochondrial network dynamics,point mutations,deletions,and interaction of pathogenomic proteins with mitochondria are some of the possible underlying mechanisms involved in these neurological disorders.Mitochondrial genetics,defects in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation machinery,and reactive oxygen species production might share common crosstalk in the progression of these neurological disorders.It is of significant interests to explore and develop therapeutic strategies aimed at correcting mitochondrial abnormalities.This review provided insights on mitochondrial dysfunction/mutations involved in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease,Huntington’s disease,and epilepsy with a special focus on Parkinson’s disease pathology.Along with the deleterious effects of mitochondrial mutations in aforesaid neurological disorders,this paper unraveled the available therapeutic strategy,specifically aiming to improve mitochondrial dysfunction,drugs targeting mitochondrial proteins,gene therapies aimed at correcting mutant mtDNA,peptide-based approaches,and lipophilic cations.
文摘目的探讨腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)参与缺氧预处理的保护作用及机制。方法将大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤PC12细胞分为空白对照组(Control)、单纯缺氧预处理组(Hyp)、缺氧预处理+缺氧组(Hyp+OGD)、单纯缺氧组(OGD)。通过噻唑蓝(MTT)细胞活力测定及DAPI核染色法判定细胞的损伤程度;Western Blot测定细胞内腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶α亚基(AMPKα)、磷酸化的AMPKα(P-AMPKα)及过氧化物酶体增生激活受体的共刺激因子-1α(PGC-1α)的蛋白表达水平。结果 4组间细胞活性有统计学差异(F=127,P<0.01),OGD组细胞活性减少至48%(与Control组相比,P<0.01),而Hyp+OGD组细胞的活力回升至62.5%(与OGD组相比,P<0.01)。4组细胞间三磷酸腺苷(ATP)含量有统计学差异(F=584.833,P<0.01),Hyp+OGD组ATP含量为0.114507±0.001837,较OGD组增加0.048266(P<0.01)。Hyp+OGD组和OGD组AMPKα的蛋白表达增加(与Control组相比,P<0.01)。4组间P-AMPKα、PGC-1α的表达均有统计学差异(F分别为17.496、13.421,P均<0.01),缺氧预处理及缺氧刺激均可上调2种蛋白的表达(与Control组相比,P<0.05),Hyp+OGD组较OGD组蛋白表达的增加更明显(P<0.05)。结论缺氧预处理可产生细胞保护作用,缺氧预处理后AMPK可能通过PGC-1α促进ATP的生成,进而发挥重要的细胞保护作用。
