野古草(Arundinella anomala var. depauperata Keng)在三峡库区长江及其支流江(河)岸有广泛分布,对水淹有很好的耐受能力。有研究表明许多植物在水淹时通气组织发生增强,通气组织的产生改善了植株通气状况,提高了植物对水淹的抵御能力...野古草(Arundinella anomala var. depauperata Keng)在三峡库区长江及其支流江(河)岸有广泛分布,对水淹有很好的耐受能力。有研究表明许多植物在水淹时通气组织发生增强,通气组织的产生改善了植株通气状况,提高了植物对水淹的抵御能力。为了研究水淹是否会影响野古草的通气组织发生以及野古草通气组织发生对水淹的反应,考察了不同水淹深度、不同水淹时间和不同水淹方式处理时野古草茎中通气组织的发生情况。实验中共设置3个水淹深度:不进行水淹(对照)、植株地下部分淹没、植株完全淹没于水下2m深处;5个淹没时间:植株被淹没的时间长度分别为5、10、20、30d和60d;2种水淹方式:连续水淹和间歇水淹。实验结果表明:(1)在无水淹情况下野古草茎中可以产生通气组织,通气组织产生随植株的生长而增强;水淹加快了野古草通气组织发生的进程,促进了野古草通气组织的提前发生。(2)野古草茎中通气组织并不会因为水淹的时间越长而产生越多,植株通气组织的大小达到一定程度后不再因水淹时间的增长而继续增大。(3)淹没深度对通气组织发生有一定影响,总的看来,地下部分淹没野古草植株的通气组织发生要强于完全淹没植株。(4)不同水淹方式对野古草通气组织发生的影响因水淹深度不同而有差异。在完全淹没情况下,连续水淹植株的通气组织比间歇水淹植株的通气组织发达;在地下部分淹没情况下,除水淹初期外,随水淹时间的延长,连续水淹植株通气组织发生与间歇水淹植株没有差异。展开更多
The scarab beetle, Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky（Coleoptera： Scarabaeoidea）, is a widespread and destructive pest in China. Vision is one of the most important means of acquiring information about the external env...The scarab beetle, Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky（Coleoptera： Scarabaeoidea）, is a widespread and destructive pest in China. Vision is one of the most important means of acquiring information about the external environment. In order to contribute to the understanding of the perception of visual stimuli in this species, the light sensitivity and spectral responses of the scarab beetle, A. corpulenta, were measured by using an electroretinogram（ERG） technique. In total, 14 monochromatic light intensities, between 340 and 605 nm, were applied to the compound eyes of A. corpulenta under varying levels of adaptation to dark and light conditions. The results showed that all light stimuli induced an ERG response, with varied amplitudes. The spectral sensitivity curve of dark-adapted eyes showed one major peak（~400 nm; near-ultraviolet）, a secondary peak（from 498 to 562 nm; yellow-green） and the third peakat 460 nm. By contrast, in light-adapted eyes, only a near-UV peak was observed. From these results, we conclude that the compound eye of A. corpulenta is likely to have at least three spectral types of photoreceptor. Significance of differences were also recorded in the responses of male and female compound eyes, as well as diurnally and nocturnally. The amplitude of ERG in response to white-light stimuli varied with the light intensity： The stronger the luminance, the higher the ERG value. This suggests that the compound eye of A. corpulenta adapts quickly to changing light conditions, enabling A. corpulenta to maintain nocturnal activities.展开更多
Fourteen known compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia anomala and identified as follows： zhepiresinol （1）, （-）-lariciresinol （2）, ficusal （3）, medioresinol （4）, （＋）-syringaresinol （5...Fourteen known compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia anomala and identified as follows： zhepiresinol （1）, （-）-lariciresinol （2）, ficusal （3）, medioresinol （4）, （＋）-syringaresinol （5）, 1β,2β-epoxy-3β,4α,10α-trihydroxyguaian- 6α,12-olide （6）, 5β,10α-dihydroxy-1α/-dehydroleucodin （7）, 3α-chloro-8α-acetoxy-4β,10α-dihydroxy-1β,2β-epoxy-5α,7αHguai- 11 （13）-en- 12,6α-olide （8）, 13-O-desacetyleudesma-afraglaucolide （9）, 1,10-seco-4ξ-hydroxy-muurol-5-ene- 1,10-diketone （10）, 1α-hydroxyafraglaucolide（11）, aurantiamide （12）, indole-3-aldehyde （13）, loliolide （14）. All these compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time and compounds 1-4, 8, 10, 13 were obtained from genus Artemisia for the first time.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluates the antioxidant and hepatoprotective potentials of Dicoma anomala Sond.(Asteraceae) on body weight,feed and water intake,biochemical parameters and organ histology.METHODS:Various concentrations...OBJECTIVE:To evaluates the antioxidant and hepatoprotective potentials of Dicoma anomala Sond.(Asteraceae) on body weight,feed and water intake,biochemical parameters and organ histology.METHODS:Various concentrations(1.56-25 μg/m L)were used in the in vitro assays 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl(DPPH,superoxide anion,hydroxyl radicals,etc.).The effects of treatment with 125,250 and 250 mg/m L Dicoma anomala aqueous roots extract(DARE) was investigated in vivo in the CCl4-induced hepatotoxic rats during the 15 days study.RESULTS:Water extract exhibited the best activity(IC50:15.20 ± 0.03,11.70 ± 0.10,and 0.84 ± 0.05 μg/m L) in vitro in DPPH,hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals,respectively,when compared with standards.Pre-treatment and treatment with different concentrations of DARE significantly(P < 0.05)attenuated the elevated serum activities of aspartate transaminase,alanine transaminase levels while increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase,catalase and glutathione peroxidase.The histopathological evaluations revealed extensive liver damage characterized by severe vacuolar and cytoplasmic degeneration,hepatic necrosis,and cellular infilteration in pre-treated groups while in the treated groups;such liver damages were not observed most especially at 500 mg/kg dose.CONCLUSION:The results proved the hepatoprotective potential of DARE against CCl4-induced oxidative stress.Moreover,histopathological examinations revealed better therapeutic advantage of DARE than prophylactic use.展开更多
To establish an efficient regeneration method for the rare and endangered plant Mussaenda anomala to address problems regarding its reproductive obstacles and scarce populations.In this study,the terminal buds,axillar...To establish an efficient regeneration method for the rare and endangered plant Mussaenda anomala to address problems regarding its reproductive obstacles and scarce populations.In this study,the terminal buds,axillary buds,stem segments with two axillary buds,stem segments with two axillary buds and one terminal bud,and leaves of M.anomala were used as explants.The effects of different explants and disinfection methods,plant growth regulators and substrates on plant regeneration were explored.The following results were obtained:(1)The terminal bud was a suitable explant for M.anomala tissue culture,and the disinfection method utilized was treatment with 0.2%HgCl2 for 8 min.(2)Initiate medium:MS basic medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L 6-BA and 0.2 mg/L IBA for the high germination rate(100%)and the maximum bud height(1.70 cm)of the terminal bud.(3)Proliferation medium:MS basic medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L 6-BA and 0.2 mg/L IBA for a high proliferation rate(96%)and proliferation time(6.0)of terminal buds.(4)Proliferation medium supplemented with 0.7 mg/L GA3 significantly increased the bud heights of multiple buds.(5)Rooting medium:MS basic medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L IBA and 0.5 mg/L IAA for a high rooting rate(88%),root number(12.0)and root length(5.07 cm).(6)The optimal substrate for seedling acclimation and transplanting was perlite:vermiculite(1:1),which resulted in the highest survival rate(97%)and plant height(5.89 cm),as well as better growth potential for seedlings.The surfaces of M.anomala explants are densely covered with trichome,which increased the difficulty of disinfection;the plant growth regulators directly affected the growth and development in the regeneration process of M.anomala,and the substrate significantly affected the survival rate and height growth for seedling acclimation.展开更多
Hansenula anomala were general pale yellow oval-shaped bacteria in aerobic biochemical wastewater process,but transformed into pale yellow round-shape under hypoxia condition.A better precipitation of lysine wastewate...Hansenula anomala were general pale yellow oval-shaped bacteria in aerobic biochemical wastewater process,but transformed into pale yellow round-shape under hypoxia condition.A better precipitation of lysine wastewater could be obtained by using Hansenula anomala in hypoxia biochemical treatment.Therefore,the lysine wastewater could be used to produce yeast protein feed at 23-33 ℃ water temperature and 2.8-4.4 p H by Hansenula anomala in hypoxia condition.The results indicated that removal rate of chemical oxygen demand（COD） was 65.8%,and that of suspended substance（SS） was 95.6%.Then the deposited yeast protein was dried after secondary sedimentation and steam sandwich concentrated method.Results showed that 3.9 t yeast protein feed could be obtained every day,and its price was 3 000 Yuan per ton,so that the annual profit of company would be 9.6 million Yuan after deducting the operating cost of wastewater treatment.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the free radical scavenging, antidiabetic, kinetics and cytotoxic potentials of flavonoids extract of Dicoma anomala root by using standard methods. Methods:Antioxidant activity of the flavon...Objective: To investigate the free radical scavenging, antidiabetic, kinetics and cytotoxic potentials of flavonoids extract of Dicoma anomala root by using standard methods. Methods:Antioxidant activity of the flavonoids was investigated at scavenging free radicals such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical, reducing capabilities, 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6) sulfonic acid as well as metal chelating capability at different concentrations(0.125-1.000 mg/mL) while the antidiabetic activity was evaluated via the inhibition and kinetics of carbohydrate digestive enzymes including, alpha glucosidase, sucrase and maltase. Brine shrimp lethality assay was also employed to examine the cytotoxic effects of the extract by using different range of concentrations(0.125-2.000 mg/mL). Results: The study revealed the best antioxidant activity of the extract in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6) sulfonic acid and nitric oxide having IC_(50) values of(386.90±4.91),(736.00±38.12),(629.30±9.62) μg/mL respectively compared with quercetin(standard) with IC_(50) [(522.20±12.38),(1 021.00±15.61) and(1 075.00±29.35) μg/mL]respective values while it was insignificantly(P>0.05) at par with quercetin for reducing power. Similarly, the extract exhibited a moderate inhibition of alpha glucosidase(43.1%),sucrase(33.4%) and maltase(29.9%) activities which were significantly(P<0.05) better than acarbose(18.4%, 12.7% and 24.9% respectively) although acarbose(46.1%) inhibited the higher activity of alpha amylase than the extract(13.7%). The kinetics of mode of inhibition of alpha amylase, alpha glucosidase, sucrase and maltase by flavonoids extract of Dicoma anomala revealed an uncompetitive, non-competitive, competitive and non-competitive inhibition respectively. The result of the lethality assay showed a potent cytotoxic effect of the flavonoids with LC_(50) value 0.510 mg/mL. Conclusions: The results obtained from this study are suggestive of the antioxidative, a展开更多
We studied the roles of different concentrations of gibberellin A_(3)(GA_(3))in breaking hypocotyl dormancy of Paeonia anomala subsp.veitchii,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the efficient elimination of seed...We studied the roles of different concentrations of gibberellin A_(3)(GA_(3))in breaking hypocotyl dormancy of Paeonia anomala subsp.veitchii,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the efficient elimination of seed dormancy.The seeds of P.anomala subsp.veitchii were treated with different concentrations of GA_(3)(0,100,200,300,and 400 mg/L)under dark conditions at 16℃,and then the rooting indicators including rooting rate,rooting vigor,rooting index and mold rot rate were determined.The treatment with 400 mg/L GA_(3) for 4 h showed the best performance in breaking the hypocotyl dormancy.Specifically,the treatment shortened the rooting time to 12 d,increased the rooting rate,rooting vigor,and rooting index to 84.00%±5.29%,80.67%±5.03%,and 2.25±0.16 respectively,and decreased the mold rot rate to 0.67%±1.16%.To sum up,there were germination inhibitors in the seeds of P.anomala subsp.veitchii,while the addition of exogenous hormone GA_(3) can release the inhibitory effect on the hypocotyl,which indicated that GA_(3) can promote the breaking of hypocotyl dormancy.展开更多
Work on the production and quality evaluation ofE. anomala spiced chocolate drinks was reported. This is done in order to establish the best concentration of the spice to be adopted in the chocolate drinks production....Work on the production and quality evaluation ofE. anomala spiced chocolate drinks was reported. This is done in order to establish the best concentration of the spice to be adopted in the chocolate drinks production. E. anomala seed powder was added into chocolate formulation in various concentrations [1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, as samples A, B, C, D with sample E as the control （no spice added）]. These samples were analyzed for difference quality attributes like： the proximate composition, minerals and chemical analysis, microbiological analysis, as well as the sensory evaluation using standard methods. The proximate composition showed the percentage moisture content ranging between 85.1 ±0.11 and 85.5± 0.10, ash content between 0.4 ± 0.00 and 0.5 ± 0.10, protein content between 1.0± 0.01 and 1.1 ± 0.11, fat content between 0.4 ± 0.1 land 0.5 ± 0.00 and carbohydrate content between 12.5 ±0.10 and 12.7 ±0.10. The minerals： 0.05 ±0.10 mg/kg, zinc： 0.01 4- 0.11 mg/kg, lead： 0.1 ± 0.10 mg/kg, and copper 0.1±0.1/l mg/kg, Mangeulese were obtained while cadmium was not detected at all. The chemical analysis gave between 5.03 ± 0. l t to 5.35 ±0.10, and pH 3.17 ± 0.10 to 3.67± 0.10, and total titratable acidity between 32.47 ± 0.10 to 32.50 ±0.10 tbr Brix. ttowever, sample C （3%） E. anomala spiced chocolate drink has the highest nutrients composition than all the other samples. All the samples have low microbial count, less than 3.5 ×10^3 load which is below the safe level of 1.0 ×10^3 but on the overall, sample C has the least value. Conclusively, smnple C, （chocolate spiced at 3% concentration） is established as the best sample nutritionally, microbiologically and on the overall acceptability.展开更多
Anomala semicastanea species group consists of five species found in China: A. semicastanea Fairmaire, A. rufithorax Ohaus, A. shimenensis sp. nov., A. insulicola sp. nov. and A. atrovirens sp. nov.. Anomal...Anomala semicastanea species group consists of five species found in China: A. semicastanea Fairmaire, A. rufithorax Ohaus, A. shimenensis sp. nov., A. insulicola sp. nov. and A. atrovirens sp. nov.. Anomala amoena Frey, 1971 is designated as a syn. nov. to A. rufithorax Ohaus, 1933. All the type specimences are deposited in the Guangdong Entomological Institute.展开更多
Light is one of the key environmental factors for insects to survive.Artificial light sources different from natural environmental light can cause light stress in insects.Yellow and green light stress can interfere wi...Light is one of the key environmental factors for insects to survive.Artificial light sources different from natural environmental light can cause light stress in insects.Yellow and green light stress can interfere with the diurnal rhythm of nocturnal moths and their mating,oviposition,and adult longevity.The scarabaeid beetles Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky and Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky are widely distributed,and they are very harmful underground pests.In order to clarify the effects of light stress on their behaviors,individuals of both species were exposed to yellow light(565-585 nm)and green light(525-545 nm),with different light intensity gradients of yellow light in a laboratory setting.The short-term light stress treatment of A.corpulenta and H.parallela was carried out at night.The number of beetles emerging per half an hour was recorded,and mating pairs and feeding activity in 24 h were counted.The results showed that yellow and green light stress significantly changed the rhythm and reduced the rate of beetle emergence in the two beetle species investigated.Also,the peak emergence activity was delayed and the feeding and mating activities were significantly reduced.When treated with different intensities of yellow light,it was found that the rate of emergence of A.corpulenta under 10 lx was close to the control groups.The rate of emergence in H.parallela was significantly lower than the control groups before 0:00,in the 60 lx and 110 lx treatment groups,but after 0:00,the emergence rate of H.parallela was significantly higher in the 60 lx and 110 lx treatment groups than other treatments.However,the emergence rhythms in the three light intensity treatment groups are basically the same as in the control groups.The feeding amount and mating beetles in the three light intensity treatment groups were significantly lower than in the control groups.There were no significant differences in the three treatments.The results show that light stress above 10 lx significantly interferes with the behavioral a展开更多
文摘野古草(Arundinella anomala var. depauperata Keng)在三峡库区长江及其支流江(河)岸有广泛分布,对水淹有很好的耐受能力。有研究表明许多植物在水淹时通气组织发生增强,通气组织的产生改善了植株通气状况,提高了植物对水淹的抵御能力。为了研究水淹是否会影响野古草的通气组织发生以及野古草通气组织发生对水淹的反应,考察了不同水淹深度、不同水淹时间和不同水淹方式处理时野古草茎中通气组织的发生情况。实验中共设置3个水淹深度:不进行水淹(对照)、植株地下部分淹没、植株完全淹没于水下2m深处;5个淹没时间:植株被淹没的时间长度分别为5、10、20、30d和60d;2种水淹方式:连续水淹和间歇水淹。实验结果表明:(1)在无水淹情况下野古草茎中可以产生通气组织,通气组织产生随植株的生长而增强;水淹加快了野古草通气组织发生的进程,促进了野古草通气组织的提前发生。(2)野古草茎中通气组织并不会因为水淹的时间越长而产生越多,植株通气组织的大小达到一定程度后不再因水淹时间的增长而继续增大。(3)淹没深度对通气组织发生有一定影响,总的看来,地下部分淹没野古草植株的通气组织发生要强于完全淹没植株。(4)不同水淹方式对野古草通气组织发生的影响因水淹深度不同而有差异。在完全淹没情况下,连续水淹植株的通气组织比间歇水淹植株的通气组织发达;在地下部分淹没情况下,除水淹初期外,随水淹时间的延长,连续水淹植株通气组织发生与间歇水淹植株没有差异。
基金supported by the China Agricultural Research Stem (CARS-03)the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in Public Interest,China (201003025)
文摘The scarab beetle, Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky（Coleoptera： Scarabaeoidea）, is a widespread and destructive pest in China. Vision is one of the most important means of acquiring information about the external environment. In order to contribute to the understanding of the perception of visual stimuli in this species, the light sensitivity and spectral responses of the scarab beetle, A. corpulenta, were measured by using an electroretinogram（ERG） technique. In total, 14 monochromatic light intensities, between 340 and 605 nm, were applied to the compound eyes of A. corpulenta under varying levels of adaptation to dark and light conditions. The results showed that all light stimuli induced an ERG response, with varied amplitudes. The spectral sensitivity curve of dark-adapted eyes showed one major peak（~400 nm; near-ultraviolet）, a secondary peak（from 498 to 562 nm; yellow-green） and the third peakat 460 nm. By contrast, in light-adapted eyes, only a near-UV peak was observed. From these results, we conclude that the compound eye of A. corpulenta is likely to have at least three spectral types of photoreceptor. Significance of differences were also recorded in the responses of male and female compound eyes, as well as diurnally and nocturnally. The amplitude of ERG in response to white-light stimuli varied with the light intensity： The stronger the luminance, the higher the ERG value. This suggests that the compound eye of A. corpulenta adapts quickly to changing light conditions, enabling A. corpulenta to maintain nocturnal activities.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.30973629).
文摘Fourteen known compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia anomala and identified as follows： zhepiresinol （1）, （-）-lariciresinol （2）, ficusal （3）, medioresinol （4）, （＋）-syringaresinol （5）, 1β,2β-epoxy-3β,4α,10α-trihydroxyguaian- 6α,12-olide （6）, 5β,10α-dihydroxy-1α/-dehydroleucodin （7）, 3α-chloro-8α-acetoxy-4β,10α-dihydroxy-1β,2β-epoxy-5α,7αHguai- 11 （13）-en- 12,6α-olide （8）, 13-O-desacetyleudesma-afraglaucolide （9）, 1,10-seco-4ξ-hydroxy-muurol-5-ene- 1,10-diketone （10）, 1α-hydroxyafraglaucolide（11）, aurantiamide （12）, indole-3-aldehyde （13）, loliolide （14）. All these compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time and compounds 1-4, 8, 10, 13 were obtained from genus Artemisia for the first time.
基金Supported by Research committee,University of the Free State,Qwaqwa campus,(entity No.211427604)Free State,SA
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluates the antioxidant and hepatoprotective potentials of Dicoma anomala Sond.(Asteraceae) on body weight,feed and water intake,biochemical parameters and organ histology.METHODS:Various concentrations(1.56-25 μg/m L)were used in the in vitro assays 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl(DPPH,superoxide anion,hydroxyl radicals,etc.).The effects of treatment with 125,250 and 250 mg/m L Dicoma anomala aqueous roots extract(DARE) was investigated in vivo in the CCl4-induced hepatotoxic rats during the 15 days study.RESULTS:Water extract exhibited the best activity(IC50:15.20 ± 0.03,11.70 ± 0.10,and 0.84 ± 0.05 μg/m L) in vitro in DPPH,hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals,respectively,when compared with standards.Pre-treatment and treatment with different concentrations of DARE significantly(P < 0.05)attenuated the elevated serum activities of aspartate transaminase,alanine transaminase levels while increasing the activities of superoxide dismutase,catalase and glutathione peroxidase.The histopathological evaluations revealed extensive liver damage characterized by severe vacuolar and cytoplasmic degeneration,hepatic necrosis,and cellular infilteration in pre-treated groups while in the treated groups;such liver damages were not observed most especially at 500 mg/kg dose.CONCLUSION:The results proved the hepatoprotective potential of DARE against CCl4-induced oxidative stress.Moreover,histopathological examinations revealed better therapeutic advantage of DARE than prophylactic use.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China–Guizhou Provincial People’s Government Karst Science Research Center Project(U1812401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31760124),the Department of Education of Guizhou Province(grant code qianjiaoji(2022)136)the New Seedling Program of Guizhou Normal University(grant code 2021-B05).
文摘To establish an efficient regeneration method for the rare and endangered plant Mussaenda anomala to address problems regarding its reproductive obstacles and scarce populations.In this study,the terminal buds,axillary buds,stem segments with two axillary buds,stem segments with two axillary buds and one terminal bud,and leaves of M.anomala were used as explants.The effects of different explants and disinfection methods,plant growth regulators and substrates on plant regeneration were explored.The following results were obtained:(1)The terminal bud was a suitable explant for M.anomala tissue culture,and the disinfection method utilized was treatment with 0.2%HgCl2 for 8 min.(2)Initiate medium:MS basic medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L 6-BA and 0.2 mg/L IBA for the high germination rate(100%)and the maximum bud height(1.70 cm)of the terminal bud.(3)Proliferation medium:MS basic medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L 6-BA and 0.2 mg/L IBA for a high proliferation rate(96%)and proliferation time(6.0)of terminal buds.(4)Proliferation medium supplemented with 0.7 mg/L GA3 significantly increased the bud heights of multiple buds.(5)Rooting medium:MS basic medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L IBA and 0.5 mg/L IAA for a high rooting rate(88%),root number(12.0)and root length(5.07 cm).(6)The optimal substrate for seedling acclimation and transplanting was perlite:vermiculite(1:1),which resulted in the highest survival rate(97%)and plant height(5.89 cm),as well as better growth potential for seedlings.The surfaces of M.anomala explants are densely covered with trichome,which increased the difficulty of disinfection;the plant growth regulators directly affected the growth and development in the regeneration process of M.anomala,and the substrate significantly affected the survival rate and height growth for seedling acclimation.
文摘Hansenula anomala were general pale yellow oval-shaped bacteria in aerobic biochemical wastewater process,but transformed into pale yellow round-shape under hypoxia condition.A better precipitation of lysine wastewater could be obtained by using Hansenula anomala in hypoxia biochemical treatment.Therefore,the lysine wastewater could be used to produce yeast protein feed at 23-33 ℃ water temperature and 2.8-4.4 p H by Hansenula anomala in hypoxia condition.The results indicated that removal rate of chemical oxygen demand（COD） was 65.8%,and that of suspended substance（SS） was 95.6%.Then the deposited yeast protein was dried after secondary sedimentation and steam sandwich concentrated method.Results showed that 3.9 t yeast protein feed could be obtained every day,and its price was 3 000 Yuan per ton,so that the annual profit of company would be 9.6 million Yuan after deducting the operating cost of wastewater treatment.
基金supported by the Postdoctoral Research Fellowship(2-459-B3425)of Directorate Research and Development,University of Free State,South Africa
文摘Objective: To investigate the free radical scavenging, antidiabetic, kinetics and cytotoxic potentials of flavonoids extract of Dicoma anomala root by using standard methods. Methods:Antioxidant activity of the flavonoids was investigated at scavenging free radicals such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, nitric oxide, hydroxyl radical, reducing capabilities, 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6) sulfonic acid as well as metal chelating capability at different concentrations(0.125-1.000 mg/mL) while the antidiabetic activity was evaluated via the inhibition and kinetics of carbohydrate digestive enzymes including, alpha glucosidase, sucrase and maltase. Brine shrimp lethality assay was also employed to examine the cytotoxic effects of the extract by using different range of concentrations(0.125-2.000 mg/mL). Results: The study revealed the best antioxidant activity of the extract in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6) sulfonic acid and nitric oxide having IC_(50) values of(386.90±4.91),(736.00±38.12),(629.30±9.62) μg/mL respectively compared with quercetin(standard) with IC_(50) [(522.20±12.38),(1 021.00±15.61) and(1 075.00±29.35) μg/mL]respective values while it was insignificantly(P>0.05) at par with quercetin for reducing power. Similarly, the extract exhibited a moderate inhibition of alpha glucosidase(43.1%),sucrase(33.4%) and maltase(29.9%) activities which were significantly(P<0.05) better than acarbose(18.4%, 12.7% and 24.9% respectively) although acarbose(46.1%) inhibited the higher activity of alpha amylase than the extract(13.7%). The kinetics of mode of inhibition of alpha amylase, alpha glucosidase, sucrase and maltase by flavonoids extract of Dicoma anomala revealed an uncompetitive, non-competitive, competitive and non-competitive inhibition respectively. The result of the lethality assay showed a potent cytotoxic effect of the flavonoids with LC_(50) value 0.510 mg/mL. Conclusions: The results obtained from this study are suggestive of the antioxidative, a
文摘We studied the roles of different concentrations of gibberellin A_(3)(GA_(3))in breaking hypocotyl dormancy of Paeonia anomala subsp.veitchii,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the efficient elimination of seed dormancy.The seeds of P.anomala subsp.veitchii were treated with different concentrations of GA_(3)(0,100,200,300,and 400 mg/L)under dark conditions at 16℃,and then the rooting indicators including rooting rate,rooting vigor,rooting index and mold rot rate were determined.The treatment with 400 mg/L GA_(3) for 4 h showed the best performance in breaking the hypocotyl dormancy.Specifically,the treatment shortened the rooting time to 12 d,increased the rooting rate,rooting vigor,and rooting index to 84.00%±5.29%,80.67%±5.03%,and 2.25±0.16 respectively,and decreased the mold rot rate to 0.67%±1.16%.To sum up,there were germination inhibitors in the seeds of P.anomala subsp.veitchii,while the addition of exogenous hormone GA_(3) can release the inhibitory effect on the hypocotyl,which indicated that GA_(3) can promote the breaking of hypocotyl dormancy.
文摘Work on the production and quality evaluation ofE. anomala spiced chocolate drinks was reported. This is done in order to establish the best concentration of the spice to be adopted in the chocolate drinks production. E. anomala seed powder was added into chocolate formulation in various concentrations [1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, as samples A, B, C, D with sample E as the control （no spice added）]. These samples were analyzed for difference quality attributes like： the proximate composition, minerals and chemical analysis, microbiological analysis, as well as the sensory evaluation using standard methods. The proximate composition showed the percentage moisture content ranging between 85.1 ±0.11 and 85.5± 0.10, ash content between 0.4 ± 0.00 and 0.5 ± 0.10, protein content between 1.0± 0.01 and 1.1 ± 0.11, fat content between 0.4 ± 0.1 land 0.5 ± 0.00 and carbohydrate content between 12.5 ±0.10 and 12.7 ±0.10. The minerals： 0.05 ±0.10 mg/kg, zinc： 0.01 4- 0.11 mg/kg, lead： 0.1 ± 0.10 mg/kg, and copper 0.1±0.1/l mg/kg, Mangeulese were obtained while cadmium was not detected at all. The chemical analysis gave between 5.03 ± 0. l t to 5.35 ±0.10, and pH 3.17 ± 0.10 to 3.67± 0.10, and total titratable acidity between 32.47 ± 0.10 to 32.50 ±0.10 tbr Brix. ttowever, sample C （3%） E. anomala spiced chocolate drink has the highest nutrients composition than all the other samples. All the samples have low microbial count, less than 3.5 ×10^3 load which is below the safe level of 1.0 ×10^3 but on the overall, sample C has the least value. Conclusively, smnple C, （chocolate spiced at 3% concentration） is established as the best sample nutritionally, microbiologically and on the overall acceptability.
文摘Anomala semicastanea species group consists of five species found in China: A. semicastanea Fairmaire, A. rufithorax Ohaus, A. shimenensis sp. nov., A. insulicola sp. nov. and A. atrovirens sp. nov.. Anomala amoena Frey, 1971 is designated as a syn. nov. to A. rufithorax Ohaus, 1933. All the type specimences are deposited in the Guangdong Entomological Institute.
基金supported by the Fund for the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32001902)Henan Scientific and Technical Attack Project(Grant No.12102110460)+2 种基金Underground pest post of the national wheat industry system(CARS-03)Major public welfare special projects in Henan Province(201300111500)Basic scientific research business fee of Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2021zc42).
文摘Light is one of the key environmental factors for insects to survive.Artificial light sources different from natural environmental light can cause light stress in insects.Yellow and green light stress can interfere with the diurnal rhythm of nocturnal moths and their mating,oviposition,and adult longevity.The scarabaeid beetles Anomala corpulenta Motschulsky and Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky are widely distributed,and they are very harmful underground pests.In order to clarify the effects of light stress on their behaviors,individuals of both species were exposed to yellow light(565-585 nm)and green light(525-545 nm),with different light intensity gradients of yellow light in a laboratory setting.The short-term light stress treatment of A.corpulenta and H.parallela was carried out at night.The number of beetles emerging per half an hour was recorded,and mating pairs and feeding activity in 24 h were counted.The results showed that yellow and green light stress significantly changed the rhythm and reduced the rate of beetle emergence in the two beetle species investigated.Also,the peak emergence activity was delayed and the feeding and mating activities were significantly reduced.When treated with different intensities of yellow light,it was found that the rate of emergence of A.corpulenta under 10 lx was close to the control groups.The rate of emergence in H.parallela was significantly lower than the control groups before 0:00,in the 60 lx and 110 lx treatment groups,but after 0:00,the emergence rate of H.parallela was significantly higher in the 60 lx and 110 lx treatment groups than other treatments.However,the emergence rhythms in the three light intensity treatment groups are basically the same as in the control groups.The feeding amount and mating beetles in the three light intensity treatment groups were significantly lower than in the control groups.There were no significant differences in the three treatments.The results show that light stress above 10 lx significantly interferes with the behavioral a
