Understanding the genetic mechanism underlying rice leaf-shape development is crucial for optimizing rice configuration and achieving high yields; however, little is known about leaf abaxial curling. We isolated a ric...Understanding the genetic mechanism underlying rice leaf-shape development is crucial for optimizing rice configuration and achieving high yields; however, little is known about leaf abaxial curling. We isolated a rice transferred DNA （T-DNA） insertion mutant, BY240, which exhibited an abaxial leaf curling phenotype that co-segregated with the inserted T-DNA. The T-DNA was inserted in the promoter of a novel gene, ACL1 （Abaxially Curled Leaf 1）, and led to overexpression of this gene in BY240. Overexpression of ACL1 in wild-type rice also resulted in abaxial leaf curling. ACL1 encodes a protein of 116 amino acids with no known conserved functional domains. Overexpression of ACL2, the only homolog of ACL1 in rice, also induced abaxial leaf curling. RT-PCR analysis revealed high expressions of ACLs in leaf sheaths and leaf blades, suggesting a role for these genes in leaf development. In situ hybridization revealed non-tissue-specific expression of the ACLs in the shoot apical meristem, leaf primordium, and young leaf. Histological analysis showed increased number and exaggeration of bulliform cells and expansion of epidermal cells in the leaves of BY240, which caused developmental discoordination of the abaxial and adaxial sides, resulting in abaxially curled leaves. These results revealed an important mechanism in rice leaf development and provided the genetic basis for agricultural improvement.展开更多
The molecular electronegativity-distance vector （MEDV） was used to describe the molecular structure of volatile components of Rosa banksiae Ait, and QSRR model was built up by use of multiple linear regression （MLR...The molecular electronegativity-distance vector （MEDV） was used to describe the molecular structure of volatile components of Rosa banksiae Ait, and QSRR model was built up by use of multiple linear regression （MLR）. Furthermore, in virtue of variable screening by the stepwise multiple regression technique, the QSRR models of 10 and 6 variables and linear retention index （LRI） 10, 7 and 6 varieables were built up by combinating MEDV with the Ultra2 column GC retention time （tR） of 53 volatile components of Rosa Banksiae Air. The multiple correlation coefficients （R） of modeling calculation values of QSRR model were 0.906, 0.906, 0.949, 0.943 and 0.949, respectively. The cross-verification multiple correlation coefficients （RCV） were 0.903, 0.904, 0.867, 0.901 and 0.904, respectively. The results show that the models constructed could provide estimation stability and favorable predictive ability.展开更多
In this paper, the original process of vari-toned song in the Mmgming cicada is revealed, and the brand-new recognition for studies of the song mechanism in cicadas is opened up. Each vari-toned syllable 'Weiying&...In this paper, the original process of vari-toned song in the Mmgming cicada is revealed, and the brand-new recognition for studies of the song mechanism in cicadas is opened up. Each vari-toned syllable 'Weiying' is composed of 'Wei' with the basic sound (BS) as the dominant tone and 'ying' with the upper partials (UP2) as the dominant tone, and the upper partials (UP1) is a sound accompaniment of low intensity.The BS, UP1 and UP2 are produced by vibrations of the long ribs LR2,3 and LR1 in sounding membrane driven, separately, by two kinds of the twich in sounding muscle, 'Wei' and 'ying' are separately produced by the prin-subordinate vibrations of LR2,3 -LR1 and LR1-LR2,3. The LR1 and LR2,3 are analogous to a string tensioned two ends and a beam hinged two ends with a load in the middle respectively. Obtained the acoustic properties of sounding vibration are not only suited to the structural characteristics of LR1, 2, 3 but also consist basically with the acoustic properties of song.展开更多
This study was carried out as a result of floristic expeditions in flora of Agri Mountain in Igdir between 2011 and 2014. As it is known, having diverse climatic types, Turkey has different and rich flora and vegetati...This study was carried out as a result of floristic expeditions in flora of Agri Mountain in Igdir between 2011 and 2014. As it is known, having diverse climatic types, Turkey has different and rich flora and vegetation. Over 380 plant species have been found in Agn Mountain up to now. From these species, 36 of them belong to Fabaceae family and they grow 900-3,000 m elevation above sea level on Agri Mountain. Fabaceae species are known throughout the world. As a result of researches carried out on Agri Mountain, 36 species were found, 10 of which belong to Fabaceae family. After Devis, an outstanding flora research has not been carried out in Agri Mountain so far. As a result of the researches carried out between 2011 and 2014, the number of genera reached to 10 and the number of species to 36. It was found out 17 species for the genus of Astragalus, two for Coronilla, five for Trifolium, three for Lathyrus, three for Onobrychis, three for Vicia and one for each Glycyrrhiza, Melilotus and Sophora. Eleven of these species are endemic. Those endemic species were： Astragalus aduncus Willd., Astragalus antalyensis, Astragalus davisii Chamb and Matthews., Astragalus eriocephalus Willd. subsp, eriocephalus Willd., Astragalus chaldiranicus Kit Tan and Sorger, Astragalus pinetorum Boiss., Astragalus fumosus, Astragalus vesicaris L. subsp, agridagensis Y. Zeynalov, Trifolium davissi Hossain, Lathyrus carcinus P. H. Davis, Onobrychis araxina Schischkin.展开更多
目的了解深圳市青少年变性鼻炎及下呼吸道疾病流行病学特征。方法2007年7月～12月间随机选择深圳市区五所中学初三年级（14-15岁）学生为研究对象,设计深圳市青少年呼吸道疾病问卷调查表,调查分二个阶段：①问卷调查阶段,②据问卷调查...目的了解深圳市青少年变性鼻炎及下呼吸道疾病流行病学特征。方法2007年7月～12月间随机选择深圳市区五所中学初三年级（14-15岁）学生为研究对象,设计深圳市青少年呼吸道疾病问卷调查表,调查分二个阶段：①问卷调查阶段,②据问卷调查结果筛选出变应性鼻炎可疑对象并进行专科检查及确认。将结果进行统计学处理。结果发放调查问卷865份,回收828份,应答率96%,有效问卷796份。深圳市14-15岁青少年变应性鼻炎现患率为18.1%（144/796）,其中男8.7996（70/796）,女9.3096（74/796）。男女发病率无差异（P〉0.05）按ARIA（Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma）2001年分类标准：持续性发作19.4%（28/144）,其中轻度发作8.33%（12/144）,中-重度发作11.11%（16/144）;间歇性发作80.6%（116/144）,其中轻度发作48.7%（70/144）,中-重度发作31.9%（46/144）。其中有26名患者（26 /144,18.01%）合并支气管哮喘,比56例非变应性鼻炎青少年合并支气管哮喘的现忠率高（3/56,5.36%）,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；70名患者（70/144：48.7%）有家族过敏史;环境因素中家庭吸烟诱发症状不用忽视。结论深圳市14-15岁青少年现忠率为18.1%,与支气管哮喘密切相关,因此要特别重视上下呼吸道疾病的一致性和治疗的统一性。展开更多
文摘Understanding the genetic mechanism underlying rice leaf-shape development is crucial for optimizing rice configuration and achieving high yields; however, little is known about leaf abaxial curling. We isolated a rice transferred DNA （T-DNA） insertion mutant, BY240, which exhibited an abaxial leaf curling phenotype that co-segregated with the inserted T-DNA. The T-DNA was inserted in the promoter of a novel gene, ACL1 （Abaxially Curled Leaf 1）, and led to overexpression of this gene in BY240. Overexpression of ACL1 in wild-type rice also resulted in abaxial leaf curling. ACL1 encodes a protein of 116 amino acids with no known conserved functional domains. Overexpression of ACL2, the only homolog of ACL1 in rice, also induced abaxial leaf curling. RT-PCR analysis revealed high expressions of ACLs in leaf sheaths and leaf blades, suggesting a role for these genes in leaf development. In situ hybridization revealed non-tissue-specific expression of the ACLs in the shoot apical meristem, leaf primordium, and young leaf. Histological analysis showed increased number and exaggeration of bulliform cells and expansion of epidermal cells in the leaves of BY240, which caused developmental discoordination of the abaxial and adaxial sides, resulting in abaxially curled leaves. These results revealed an important mechanism in rice leaf development and provided the genetic basis for agricultural improvement.
文摘The molecular electronegativity-distance vector （MEDV） was used to describe the molecular structure of volatile components of Rosa banksiae Ait, and QSRR model was built up by use of multiple linear regression （MLR）. Furthermore, in virtue of variable screening by the stepwise multiple regression technique, the QSRR models of 10 and 6 variables and linear retention index （LRI） 10, 7 and 6 varieables were built up by combinating MEDV with the Ultra2 column GC retention time （tR） of 53 volatile components of Rosa Banksiae Air. The multiple correlation coefficients （R） of modeling calculation values of QSRR model were 0.906, 0.906, 0.949, 0.943 and 0.949, respectively. The cross-verification multiple correlation coefficients （RCV） were 0.903, 0.904, 0.867, 0.901 and 0.904, respectively. The results show that the models constructed could provide estimation stability and favorable predictive ability.
文摘In this paper, the original process of vari-toned song in the Mmgming cicada is revealed, and the brand-new recognition for studies of the song mechanism in cicadas is opened up. Each vari-toned syllable 'Weiying' is composed of 'Wei' with the basic sound (BS) as the dominant tone and 'ying' with the upper partials (UP2) as the dominant tone, and the upper partials (UP1) is a sound accompaniment of low intensity.The BS, UP1 and UP2 are produced by vibrations of the long ribs LR2,3 and LR1 in sounding membrane driven, separately, by two kinds of the twich in sounding muscle, 'Wei' and 'ying' are separately produced by the prin-subordinate vibrations of LR2,3 -LR1 and LR1-LR2,3. The LR1 and LR2,3 are analogous to a string tensioned two ends and a beam hinged two ends with a load in the middle respectively. Obtained the acoustic properties of sounding vibration are not only suited to the structural characteristics of LR1, 2, 3 but also consist basically with the acoustic properties of song.
文摘This study was carried out as a result of floristic expeditions in flora of Agri Mountain in Igdir between 2011 and 2014. As it is known, having diverse climatic types, Turkey has different and rich flora and vegetation. Over 380 plant species have been found in Agn Mountain up to now. From these species, 36 of them belong to Fabaceae family and they grow 900-3,000 m elevation above sea level on Agri Mountain. Fabaceae species are known throughout the world. As a result of researches carried out on Agri Mountain, 36 species were found, 10 of which belong to Fabaceae family. After Devis, an outstanding flora research has not been carried out in Agri Mountain so far. As a result of the researches carried out between 2011 and 2014, the number of genera reached to 10 and the number of species to 36. It was found out 17 species for the genus of Astragalus, two for Coronilla, five for Trifolium, three for Lathyrus, three for Onobrychis, three for Vicia and one for each Glycyrrhiza, Melilotus and Sophora. Eleven of these species are endemic. Those endemic species were： Astragalus aduncus Willd., Astragalus antalyensis, Astragalus davisii Chamb and Matthews., Astragalus eriocephalus Willd. subsp, eriocephalus Willd., Astragalus chaldiranicus Kit Tan and Sorger, Astragalus pinetorum Boiss., Astragalus fumosus, Astragalus vesicaris L. subsp, agridagensis Y. Zeynalov, Trifolium davissi Hossain, Lathyrus carcinus P. H. Davis, Onobrychis araxina Schischkin.
文摘目的了解深圳市青少年变性鼻炎及下呼吸道疾病流行病学特征。方法2007年7月～12月间随机选择深圳市区五所中学初三年级（14-15岁）学生为研究对象,设计深圳市青少年呼吸道疾病问卷调查表,调查分二个阶段：①问卷调查阶段,②据问卷调查结果筛选出变应性鼻炎可疑对象并进行专科检查及确认。将结果进行统计学处理。结果发放调查问卷865份,回收828份,应答率96%,有效问卷796份。深圳市14-15岁青少年变应性鼻炎现患率为18.1%（144/796）,其中男8.7996（70/796）,女9.3096（74/796）。男女发病率无差异（P〉0.05）按ARIA（Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma）2001年分类标准：持续性发作19.4%（28/144）,其中轻度发作8.33%（12/144）,中-重度发作11.11%（16/144）;间歇性发作80.6%（116/144）,其中轻度发作48.7%（70/144）,中-重度发作31.9%（46/144）。其中有26名患者（26 /144,18.01%）合并支气管哮喘,比56例非变应性鼻炎青少年合并支气管哮喘的现忠率高（3/56,5.36%）,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；70名患者（70/144：48.7%）有家族过敏史;环境因素中家庭吸烟诱发症状不用忽视。结论深圳市14-15岁青少年现忠率为18.1%,与支气管哮喘密切相关,因此要特别重视上下呼吸道疾病的一致性和治疗的统一性。
