目前,世界正面临着淡水匮乏的问题,这是一个全球性的挑战,而以低成本对海水进行净化、脱盐和蒸馏是解决这一挑战的关键.由于天然木材具有高亲水性、低密度、微孔通道和低导热性等优点,被广泛认为是太阳能蒸发的优良载体.然而,迄今为止...目前,世界正面临着淡水匮乏的问题,这是一个全球性的挑战,而以低成本对海水进行净化、脱盐和蒸馏是解决这一挑战的关键.由于天然木材具有高亲水性、低密度、微孔通道和低导热性等优点,被广泛认为是太阳能蒸发的优良载体.然而,迄今为止报道的大多数木基太阳能蒸发器在低功率的太阳能照射下,都呈现出经济效益不高,蒸发效率有限的不足.在此,我们报道了一种生态友好并且高效蒸发的木基太阳能蒸发发生器,它由优良光热转换性能的钒多酸附着在具有天然通道的木材表面复合而成.该太阳能蒸发器在200–1200 nm的宽波长范围内均表现出优异的光吸收能力(~98%),并且木材的绝热性最大限度地减少了散热.同时木材天然通道能够提供快速的水传输,降低了蒸发焓,从而提高了整体蒸发效率.在1个太阳光照下,蒸汽产生速率为2.23 kg m^(−2)h^(−1),太阳能蒸发效率高达90%.这种环保、低成本、高效率的蒸发发生器在太阳能脱盐和水净化的实际应用中具有巨大潜力.展开更多
Surface recombination represents a handicap for high-efficiency solar cells. This is especially important for nanowire array solar cells, where the surface-to-volume ratio is greatly enhanced. Here, the effect of diff...Surface recombination represents a handicap for high-efficiency solar cells. This is especially important for nanowire array solar cells, where the surface-to-volume ratio is greatly enhanced. Here, the effect of different passivation materials on the effective recombination and on the device performance is experimentally analyzed. Our solar cells are large area top-down axial n-p junction silicon nanowires fabricated by means of Near-Field Phase-Shift Lithography （NF-PSL）. We report an efficiency of 9.9% for the best cell, passivated with a SiO2/SiNx stack. The impact of the presence of a surface fixed charge density at the silicon/oxide interface is studied.展开更多
The severe bulk recombination and sluggish oxygen evolution reaction(OER)dynamics of photoanodes severely restrict the application of photoelectrochemical(PEC)devices.To solve these two problems,crystallographic facet...The severe bulk recombination and sluggish oxygen evolution reaction(OER)dynamics of photoanodes severely restrict the application of photoelectrochemical(PEC)devices.To solve these two problems,crystallographic facet orientation and cocatalyst emergence with a high-quality photoanode/cocatalyst interface were realized through an air annealing-assisted strategy to treat atomic layer deposition(ALD)-modified SnSnanosheet arrays.Based on experimental observations and theoretical calculations,the reduced(001)crystal facet of SnSdecreases the recombination of photogenerated carriers in the bulk and improves the carrier separation of the photoanode.Moreover,the unexpectedly formed ZnTiOSfilm decreases the overpotential of the surface OER,reduces interface recombination,and extends the carrier lifetime.These synergistic effects lead to significantly enhanced PEC performance,with a high photocurrent density of 1.97 mA cm^(-2)at 1.23 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)and a low onset potential of 0.21 V vs.RHE,which are superior to reported mostly SnS-based photoanodes.展开更多
基金This work was supported by Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale,Hefei Science Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Fujian Institute of Innovation of Chinese Academy of Sciences,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,21571167,51502282 and 22075266)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2060190053 and WK2060190100).
文摘目前,世界正面临着淡水匮乏的问题,这是一个全球性的挑战,而以低成本对海水进行净化、脱盐和蒸馏是解决这一挑战的关键.由于天然木材具有高亲水性、低密度、微孔通道和低导热性等优点,被广泛认为是太阳能蒸发的优良载体.然而,迄今为止报道的大多数木基太阳能蒸发器在低功率的太阳能照射下,都呈现出经济效益不高,蒸发效率有限的不足.在此,我们报道了一种生态友好并且高效蒸发的木基太阳能蒸发发生器,它由优良光热转换性能的钒多酸附着在具有天然通道的木材表面复合而成.该太阳能蒸发器在200–1200 nm的宽波长范围内均表现出优异的光吸收能力(~98%),并且木材的绝热性最大限度地减少了散热.同时木材天然通道能够提供快速的水传输,降低了蒸发焓,从而提高了整体蒸发效率.在1个太阳光照下,蒸汽产生速率为2.23 kg m^(−2)h^(−1),太阳能蒸发效率高达90%.这种环保、低成本、高效率的蒸发发生器在太阳能脱盐和水净化的实际应用中具有巨大潜力.
文摘Surface recombination represents a handicap for high-efficiency solar cells. This is especially important for nanowire array solar cells, where the surface-to-volume ratio is greatly enhanced. Here, the effect of different passivation materials on the effective recombination and on the device performance is experimentally analyzed. Our solar cells are large area top-down axial n-p junction silicon nanowires fabricated by means of Near-Field Phase-Shift Lithography （NF-PSL）. We report an efficiency of 9.9% for the best cell, passivated with a SiO2/SiNx stack. The impact of the presence of a surface fixed charge density at the silicon/oxide interface is studied.
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1500800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52025028)+1 种基金the Priority Academic Program Development(PAPD)of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionssupport of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21973006)。
文摘The severe bulk recombination and sluggish oxygen evolution reaction(OER)dynamics of photoanodes severely restrict the application of photoelectrochemical(PEC)devices.To solve these two problems,crystallographic facet orientation and cocatalyst emergence with a high-quality photoanode/cocatalyst interface were realized through an air annealing-assisted strategy to treat atomic layer deposition(ALD)-modified SnSnanosheet arrays.Based on experimental observations and theoretical calculations,the reduced(001)crystal facet of SnSdecreases the recombination of photogenerated carriers in the bulk and improves the carrier separation of the photoanode.Moreover,the unexpectedly formed ZnTiOSfilm decreases the overpotential of the surface OER,reduces interface recombination,and extends the carrier lifetime.These synergistic effects lead to significantly enhanced PEC performance,with a high photocurrent density of 1.97 mA cm^(-2)at 1.23 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)and a low onset potential of 0.21 V vs.RHE,which are superior to reported mostly SnS-based photoanodes.
