Effect of essential oil from Asarum heterotropoides Fr.Schmidt var.mandshuricum(Maxim.)Kitag on hypha growth of sixteen plant pathogenic fungi was tested at concentration of 500 μg/mL.The inhibition rates to fourteen...Effect of essential oil from Asarum heterotropoides Fr.Schmidt var.mandshuricum(Maxim.)Kitag on hypha growth of sixteen plant pathogenic fungi was tested at concentration of 500 μg/mL.The inhibition rates to fourteen plant pathogenic fungi were above 50%,which showed the essential oil had broad-spectrum antifungal activity.According to the toxicity curve of essential oil to Alternaria humicola,the EC50 to mycelium growth and spores germination were 326.86 μg/mL and 406.24 μg/mL respectively.Furthermore,the effect of essential oil on cell membrane potential of A.humicola was tested by the conductivity method.The results showed the action of essential oil was changing osmosis of cell membrane of fungi.展开更多
【目的】评价30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂对花生生长的安全性及防治花生土传病害和地下害虫的应用潜力。【方法】制备30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂并测定其pH、黏度、悬浮率及冷热贮...【目的】评价30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂对花生生长的安全性及防治花生土传病害和地下害虫的应用潜力。【方法】制备30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂并测定其pH、黏度、悬浮率及冷热贮稳定性与冷热贮前后的药剂粒度分布变化。在室内,以200、400、800 g a.i./100 kg种子3个剂量进行温室盆栽安全性试验,统计各处理组的出苗时间及播种后14 d花生幼苗的株高、根长、茎叶鲜重、根鲜重与植株干重等生长指标,评价药剂对花生出苗及幼苗生长的安全性。在田间,设置100、200、400 g a.i./100 kg种子3个剂量进行花生种子包衣,以25%噻虫嗪·咯菌腈·精甲霜灵悬浮种衣剂(迈舒平)为对照药剂,进行两年三地的田间药效试验。【结果】30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂达到GB/T17768—1999悬浮种衣剂产品标准。温室盆栽试验中,该药剂以200、400、800 g a.i./100 kg种子对花生出苗及幼苗生长安全。2016年以100、200、400 g a.i./100 kg种子3个剂量进行田间试验,药剂对花生冠腐病的防治效果分别为95.16%、97.98%、98.79%,对花生根腐病的防治效果分别为90.97%、92.26%、92.90%,对花生蚜(Aphis medicaginis)的防治效果分别为79.74%、92.48%、94.13%,且防治效果表现为随药剂剂量的增加而提高。相对于空白对照处理,药剂可以提高花生出苗率10.25%—13.21%,增加花生产量683.75—1234.12 kg·hm-2。由此确定200 g a.i./100 kg种子为田间推荐剂量。2017年使用该剂量,对山东新泰和泰安两地花生冠腐病防治效果分别为81.12%与95.83%,对花生根腐病的防治效果分别为71.74%与92.93%,对地老虎(新泰)与花生茎腐病(泰安)的防治效果分别为93.33%与87.29%。与空白对照相比,在新泰试验中,出苗率提高了4.23%,产量提高了1146.45 kg·hm^-2;在泰安试验中,出苗率提高了10.75%,产量提高了1715.70 kg·hm^-2。【结展开更多
姜黄(Curcum a long a L)是一种多年生的草本植物,在医药上具有多种药理作用。近年来的研究成果表明,姜黄提取物在防除农业病虫害和储粮驱虫方面,对多种害虫和病菌具有明显的驱避、拒食、触杀、熏蒸、生长抑制和灭菌等生物活性,为研制...姜黄(Curcum a long a L)是一种多年生的草本植物,在医药上具有多种药理作用。近年来的研究成果表明,姜黄提取物在防除农业病虫害和储粮驱虫方面,对多种害虫和病菌具有明显的驱避、拒食、触杀、熏蒸、生长抑制和灭菌等生物活性,为研制生物杀菌、杀虫剂提供较好的理论依据。展开更多
文摘Effect of essential oil from Asarum heterotropoides Fr.Schmidt var.mandshuricum(Maxim.)Kitag on hypha growth of sixteen plant pathogenic fungi was tested at concentration of 500 μg/mL.The inhibition rates to fourteen plant pathogenic fungi were above 50%,which showed the essential oil had broad-spectrum antifungal activity.According to the toxicity curve of essential oil to Alternaria humicola,the EC50 to mycelium growth and spores germination were 326.86 μg/mL and 406.24 μg/mL respectively.Furthermore,the effect of essential oil on cell membrane potential of A.humicola was tested by the conductivity method.The results showed the action of essential oil was changing osmosis of cell membrane of fungi.
文摘【目的】评价30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂对花生生长的安全性及防治花生土传病害和地下害虫的应用潜力。【方法】制备30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂并测定其pH、黏度、悬浮率及冷热贮稳定性与冷热贮前后的药剂粒度分布变化。在室内,以200、400、800 g a.i./100 kg种子3个剂量进行温室盆栽安全性试验,统计各处理组的出苗时间及播种后14 d花生幼苗的株高、根长、茎叶鲜重、根鲜重与植株干重等生长指标,评价药剂对花生出苗及幼苗生长的安全性。在田间,设置100、200、400 g a.i./100 kg种子3个剂量进行花生种子包衣,以25%噻虫嗪·咯菌腈·精甲霜灵悬浮种衣剂(迈舒平)为对照药剂,进行两年三地的田间药效试验。【结果】30%噻虫胺·吡唑醚菌酯·苯醚甲环唑悬浮种衣剂达到GB/T17768—1999悬浮种衣剂产品标准。温室盆栽试验中,该药剂以200、400、800 g a.i./100 kg种子对花生出苗及幼苗生长安全。2016年以100、200、400 g a.i./100 kg种子3个剂量进行田间试验,药剂对花生冠腐病的防治效果分别为95.16%、97.98%、98.79%,对花生根腐病的防治效果分别为90.97%、92.26%、92.90%,对花生蚜(Aphis medicaginis)的防治效果分别为79.74%、92.48%、94.13%,且防治效果表现为随药剂剂量的增加而提高。相对于空白对照处理,药剂可以提高花生出苗率10.25%—13.21%,增加花生产量683.75—1234.12 kg·hm-2。由此确定200 g a.i./100 kg种子为田间推荐剂量。2017年使用该剂量,对山东新泰和泰安两地花生冠腐病防治效果分别为81.12%与95.83%,对花生根腐病的防治效果分别为71.74%与92.93%,对地老虎(新泰)与花生茎腐病(泰安)的防治效果分别为93.33%与87.29%。与空白对照相比,在新泰试验中,出苗率提高了4.23%,产量提高了1146.45 kg·hm^-2;在泰安试验中,出苗率提高了10.75%,产量提高了1715.70 kg·hm^-2。【结
