Catalytic steam reforming of condensable vapors, i.e. bio-oil, derived from pyrolysis of biomass is an important process for hydrogen production, which is expected to form renewable and clean energy. The generation of...Catalytic steam reforming of condensable vapors, i.e. bio-oil, derived from pyrolysis of biomass is an important process for hydrogen production, which is expected to form renewable and clean energy. The generation of hydrogen from bio-oil was investigated from 250 to 750 ℃ by a MgO mixed C12A7-O^-(C12A7-MgO) catalyst in a fixed-bed micro-reactor. The hydrogen yield on C12A7-MgO was about 44% at 750 ℃. It is found that both the catalytic activity and catalysis life are improved by doping MgO. The XRD results show that the C12A7 structure of the positively charged lattice framework remains in the C12A7-MgO catalyst.展开更多
Iron oxide（Fe2O3） was doped onto fullerene[60]（C（60）） to form a C（60）‐Fe2O3 composite using an easy and scalable impregnation method. The as‐prepared C（60）‐Fe2O3 samples were characterized by powder X‐ra...Iron oxide（Fe2O3） was doped onto fullerene[60]（C（60）） to form a C（60）‐Fe2O3 composite using an easy and scalable impregnation method. The as‐prepared C（60）‐Fe2O3 samples were characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, UV‐vis absorption spectroscopy, Raman spec‐troscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of the C（60）‐Fe2O3 catalyst was evaluated by examining the degradation of methylene blue（MB）, rhodamine B（RhB）, methyl orange（MO）, and phenol under visible light（λ 420 nm） in the presence of hydrogen per‐oxide. The results showed that the catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic properties over a wide pH range 3.06–10.34. Under optimal conditions, 98.9% discoloration and 71% mineralization of MB were achieved in 80 min. Leaching test results indicated that the leaching of iron from the catalyst was negligible and that the catalyst had a high photocatalytic activity after five reaction cycles. The catalyst was also efficient in the degradation of RhB, MO, and phenol. These findings could be at‐tributed to the synergetic effects of C（60） and Fe2O3. We used active species trapping experiments to determine the main active oxidant in the photocatalytic reaction process and found that hydroxyl radicals played a major role in the entire process.展开更多
KVPO_(4)F with excellent structural stability and high operating voltage has been identified as a promising cathode for potassium-ion batteries(PIBs),but limits in sluggish ion transport and severe volume change cause...KVPO_(4)F with excellent structural stability and high operating voltage has been identified as a promising cathode for potassium-ion batteries(PIBs),but limits in sluggish ion transport and severe volume change cause insufficient potassium storage capability.Here,a high-energy and low-strain KVPO_(4)F composite cathode assisted by multifunctional K_(2)C_(4)O_(4)electrode stabilizer is exquisitely designed.Systematical electrochemical investigations demonstrate that this composite cathode can deliver a remarkable energy density up to 530 Wh kg^(-1)with 142.7 mAh g^(-1)of reversible capacity at 25 mA g^(-1),outstanding rate capability of 70.6 mAh g^(-1)at 1000 mA g^(-1),and decent cycling stability.Furthermore,slight volume change(~5%)and increased interfacial stability with thin and even cathode-electrolyte interphase can be observed through in situ and ex situ characterizations,which are attributed to the synergistic effect from in situ potassium compensation and carbon deposition through self-sacrificing K_(2)C_(4)O_(4)additive.Moreover,potassium-ion full cells manifest significant improvement in energy density and cycling stability.This work demonstrates a positive impact of K_(2)C_(4)O_(4)additive on the comprehensive electrochemical enhancement,especially the activation of high-voltage plateau capacity and provides an efficient strategy to enlighten the design of other high-voltage cathodes for advanced high-energy batteries.展开更多
Fossil tooth enamel from herbivores is considered one of the best proxies for paleoclimate and paleoelevation reconstructions, due to its low susceptibility to diagenetic alteration. A synthesis of oxygen and carbon i...Fossil tooth enamel from herbivores is considered one of the best proxies for paleoclimate and paleoelevation reconstructions, due to its low susceptibility to diagenetic alteration. A synthesis of oxygen and carbon isotope analyses of modern tooth enamel from herbivores such as Tibetan yaks, asses and antelopes is assessed. The average δ 13C(PDB) value of herbivore tooth enamel in the Lhasa and south Qiangtang terrains is-11.3‰± 1.1‰, whereas in the north Qiangtang and Hoh Xil terrains value is-10.2‰± 1.4‰ consistent with the current C3-dominant ecotype in the Tibetan Plateau. In addition, the average δ18O(PDB) values from tooth enamel show a northward systematic increase from-11.8‰± 3.4‰ in the Gyirong Basin, to-11.1‰± 1.1‰ in the Lhasa and southern Qiangtang terrains, and then to-9.0‰± 1.1‰ in the northern Qiangtang and the Hoh Xil areas, similar to those of the local river water and precipitation variation trends. It is suggested that δ 18O(PDB) values of tooth enamel should not be used directly to evaluate the paleo-elevation of the Tibetan Plateau, because oxygen isotopic composition from tooth enamel is a com-bination of drinking water (precipitation-and river-sourced) and diet (plant-sourced). Moreover, an empirical relationship between oxygen isotope of tooth enamel and modern river water, and as well as elevation is recommended, which can be used in future studies of Tibetan Plateau paleoelevation.展开更多
Syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucoside(SSG), a furofuran-type lignan, was found to modulate lipid and glucose metabolism through an activity screen of lipid accumulation and glucose consumption, and was therefore considere...Syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucoside(SSG), a furofuran-type lignan, was found to modulate lipid and glucose metabolism through an activity screen of lipid accumulation and glucose consumption, and was therefore considered as a promising candidate for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorder,especially in lipid and glucose metabolic homeostasis. In this study, the effects of SSG on lipogenesis and glucose consumption in Hep G2 cells and C2C12 myotubes were further investigated. Treatment with SSG significantly inhibited lipid accumulation by oil red O staining and reduced the intracellular contents of total lipid, cholesterol and triglyceride in Hep G2 cells. No effect was observed on cell viability in the MTT assay at concentrations of 0.1–10 μmol/L. SSG also increased glucose consumption by Hep G2 cells and glucose uptake by C2C12 myotubes. Furthermore, real-time quantitative PCR revealed that the beneficial effects were associated with the down-regulation of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins-1c,-2(SREBP-1c,-2), fatty acid synthase(FAS), acetyl CoA carboxylase(ACC) and hydroxyl methylglutaryl CoA reductase(HMGR), and up-regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma(PPARα and PPARγ). SSG also significantly elevated transcription activity of PPARγtested by luciferase assay. These results suggest that SSG is an effective regulator of lipogenesis and glucose consumption and might be a candidate for further research in the prevention and treatment of lipid and glucose metabolic diseases.展开更多
文摘Catalytic steam reforming of condensable vapors, i.e. bio-oil, derived from pyrolysis of biomass is an important process for hydrogen production, which is expected to form renewable and clean energy. The generation of hydrogen from bio-oil was investigated from 250 to 750 ℃ by a MgO mixed C12A7-O^-(C12A7-MgO) catalyst in a fixed-bed micro-reactor. The hydrogen yield on C12A7-MgO was about 44% at 750 ℃. It is found that both the catalytic activity and catalysis life are improved by doping MgO. The XRD results show that the C12A7 structure of the positively charged lattice framework remains in the C12A7-MgO catalyst.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21347006, 21576175, 51478285, 51403148)the Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province environmental science and engineering of Suzhou University of Science and Technology (zd131205)Collabora‐tive Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment and Suzhou Key Lab of Separation and Purification Materials & Technologies (SZS201512)~~
文摘Iron oxide（Fe2O3） was doped onto fullerene[60]（C（60）） to form a C（60）‐Fe2O3 composite using an easy and scalable impregnation method. The as‐prepared C（60）‐Fe2O3 samples were characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, UV‐vis absorption spectroscopy, Raman spec‐troscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity of the C（60）‐Fe2O3 catalyst was evaluated by examining the degradation of methylene blue（MB）, rhodamine B（RhB）, methyl orange（MO）, and phenol under visible light（λ 420 nm） in the presence of hydrogen per‐oxide. The results showed that the catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic properties over a wide pH range 3.06–10.34. Under optimal conditions, 98.9% discoloration and 71% mineralization of MB were achieved in 80 min. Leaching test results indicated that the leaching of iron from the catalyst was negligible and that the catalyst had a high photocatalytic activity after five reaction cycles. The catalyst was also efficient in the degradation of RhB, MO, and phenol. These findings could be at‐tributed to the synergetic effects of C（60） and Fe2O3. We used active species trapping experiments to determine the main active oxidant in the photocatalytic reaction process and found that hydroxyl radicals played a major role in the entire process.
基金the financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFE0202000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52102213)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(Grant No.20230101128JC)Double-Thousand Talents Plan of Jiangxi Province(jxsq2023102005)
文摘KVPO_(4)F with excellent structural stability and high operating voltage has been identified as a promising cathode for potassium-ion batteries(PIBs),but limits in sluggish ion transport and severe volume change cause insufficient potassium storage capability.Here,a high-energy and low-strain KVPO_(4)F composite cathode assisted by multifunctional K_(2)C_(4)O_(4)electrode stabilizer is exquisitely designed.Systematical electrochemical investigations demonstrate that this composite cathode can deliver a remarkable energy density up to 530 Wh kg^(-1)with 142.7 mAh g^(-1)of reversible capacity at 25 mA g^(-1),outstanding rate capability of 70.6 mAh g^(-1)at 1000 mA g^(-1),and decent cycling stability.Furthermore,slight volume change(~5%)and increased interfacial stability with thin and even cathode-electrolyte interphase can be observed through in situ and ex situ characterizations,which are attributed to the synergistic effect from in situ potassium compensation and carbon deposition through self-sacrificing K_(2)C_(4)O_(4)additive.Moreover,potassium-ion full cells manifest significant improvement in energy density and cycling stability.This work demonstrates a positive impact of K_(2)C_(4)O_(4)additive on the comprehensive electrochemical enhancement,especially the activation of high-voltage plateau capacity and provides an efficient strategy to enlighten the design of other high-voltage cathodes for advanced high-energy batteries.
基金supported by the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZCX2-YW-Q09-03)National Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholar (Grant No. 40625008)National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2009CB421000)
文摘Fossil tooth enamel from herbivores is considered one of the best proxies for paleoclimate and paleoelevation reconstructions, due to its low susceptibility to diagenetic alteration. A synthesis of oxygen and carbon isotope analyses of modern tooth enamel from herbivores such as Tibetan yaks, asses and antelopes is assessed. The average δ 13C(PDB) value of herbivore tooth enamel in the Lhasa and south Qiangtang terrains is-11.3‰± 1.1‰, whereas in the north Qiangtang and Hoh Xil terrains value is-10.2‰± 1.4‰ consistent with the current C3-dominant ecotype in the Tibetan Plateau. In addition, the average δ18O(PDB) values from tooth enamel show a northward systematic increase from-11.8‰± 3.4‰ in the Gyirong Basin, to-11.1‰± 1.1‰ in the Lhasa and southern Qiangtang terrains, and then to-9.0‰± 1.1‰ in the northern Qiangtang and the Hoh Xil areas, similar to those of the local river water and precipitation variation trends. It is suggested that δ 18O(PDB) values of tooth enamel should not be used directly to evaluate the paleo-elevation of the Tibetan Plateau, because oxygen isotopic composition from tooth enamel is a com-bination of drinking water (precipitation-and river-sourced) and diet (plant-sourced). Moreover, an empirical relationship between oxygen isotope of tooth enamel and modern river water, and as well as elevation is recommended, which can be used in future studies of Tibetan Plateau paleoelevation.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81573436, 81560696 and 81202994)Peking Union Medical College Youth Fund (3332016142)
文摘Syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucoside(SSG), a furofuran-type lignan, was found to modulate lipid and glucose metabolism through an activity screen of lipid accumulation and glucose consumption, and was therefore considered as a promising candidate for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorder,especially in lipid and glucose metabolic homeostasis. In this study, the effects of SSG on lipogenesis and glucose consumption in Hep G2 cells and C2C12 myotubes were further investigated. Treatment with SSG significantly inhibited lipid accumulation by oil red O staining and reduced the intracellular contents of total lipid, cholesterol and triglyceride in Hep G2 cells. No effect was observed on cell viability in the MTT assay at concentrations of 0.1–10 μmol/L. SSG also increased glucose consumption by Hep G2 cells and glucose uptake by C2C12 myotubes. Furthermore, real-time quantitative PCR revealed that the beneficial effects were associated with the down-regulation of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins-1c,-2(SREBP-1c,-2), fatty acid synthase(FAS), acetyl CoA carboxylase(ACC) and hydroxyl methylglutaryl CoA reductase(HMGR), and up-regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma(PPARα and PPARγ). SSG also significantly elevated transcription activity of PPARγtested by luciferase assay. These results suggest that SSG is an effective regulator of lipogenesis and glucose consumption and might be a candidate for further research in the prevention and treatment of lipid and glucose metabolic diseases.
基金jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22273093,No.41905018,No.21903080)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2022YFF0606500)。
