After successfully holding the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, the series of National Games, and a successful bid of Beijing and Zhangjiakou for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games, Chinese sports lace the greater opportunities...After successfully holding the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, the series of National Games, and a successful bid of Beijing and Zhangjiakou for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games, Chinese sports lace the greater opportunities of development. The imaging study of sport injury and illness in winter sports is to be developed for effective diagnosis and evaluation, which aims to stay in step with the progress in winter sports field. This will boost the development of sports promoting health strategy and advance the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.展开更多
目的:探究全球冰雪运动研究现状,把握发展前沿及理论成果,为中国冰雪运动的发展和早日实现全民健身、健康中国、体育强国三大战略提供借鉴与建议。方法:运用CiteSpace可视化分析软件,选取Web of Science核心合集数据库中收录的263篇文...目的:探究全球冰雪运动研究现状,把握发展前沿及理论成果,为中国冰雪运动的发展和早日实现全民健身、健康中国、体育强国三大战略提供借鉴与建议。方法:运用CiteSpace可视化分析软件,选取Web of Science核心合集数据库中收录的263篇文献为样本,从发文时间、发文国家与机构、突现词、关键词聚类以及研究学者与团队等视角进行全面分析。结果:从2009年开始,全球冰雪运动研究进入快速发展时期,美国和奥地利的发文数量在国际名列前茅,对冰雪运动研究的主要力量在高校(以奥地利因斯布鲁克大学和挪威体育科学学院最为突出),相关学者(以Ruedl G、Engebretsen L、Bullock N等为代表)目前已经形成了较成熟的研究团队。结论:中国未来对冰雪运动的研究重点可放在生物力学、流行病学、康复治疗、运动损伤等领域。注重培养高校的科研创新能力,鼓励发展优秀科研团队。展开更多
Background： Pacing, defined as percentage changes of speed between successive splits, has been extensively studied in running and cycling endurance sports; however, less information about the trends in change of spee...Background： Pacing, defined as percentage changes of speed between successive splits, has been extensively studied in running and cycling endurance sports; however, less information about the trends in change of speed during cross-country （XC） ski racing is available. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the effect of performance （quartiles of race time （Q）, with Q1 the fastest and Q4 the slowest） level on pacing in the Vasaloppet ski race, the largest XC skiing race in the world. Methods： For this purpose, we analyzed female （n = 19,465） and male （n = 164,454） finishers in the Vasaloppet ski race from 2004 to 2017 using a one-way （2 sexes） analysis of variance with repeated measures to examine percentage changes of speed between 2 successive splits. Overall, the race consisted of 8 splits. Results： The race speeds of Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 13.6 ± 1.8, 10.6 ± 0.5, 9.2 ± 0.3, and 8.1 ±- 0.4 km/h, respectively, among females and 16.7 ± 1.7, 13.1 ± 0.7, 10.9 ± 0.6, and 8.9 ± 0.7 km/h, respectively, among males. The overall pacing strategy of finishers was variable. A small sex × split interaction on speed was observed （η^2= 0.016, p 〈 0.001）, with speed difference between sexes ranging from 14.9% （Split 7） to 27.0% （Split 1） and larger changes in speed between 2 successive splits being shown for females （p 〈 0.001, η^2=0.004）. A large performance × split interaction on speed, with Q1 presenting the smallest changes of speed between splits, was shown for females （η^2= 0.149, p 〈 0.001） and males （η^2 = 0.169,p 〈 0.001）. Conclusion： Male and fast XC skiers are more even pacers. Coaches and athletes should develop tailored sex- and performance-level pacing strategies; for instance, they should advise fast XC skiers to start fast and maintain their speed, rather than starting slowly and trying to make up time by going faster at times during the race.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. T展开更多
基金This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation （No. 30871211 and No.81271538）.
文摘After successfully holding the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, the series of National Games, and a successful bid of Beijing and Zhangjiakou for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games, Chinese sports lace the greater opportunities of development. The imaging study of sport injury and illness in winter sports is to be developed for effective diagnosis and evaluation, which aims to stay in step with the progress in winter sports field. This will boost the development of sports promoting health strategy and advance the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.
文摘Background： Pacing, defined as percentage changes of speed between successive splits, has been extensively studied in running and cycling endurance sports; however, less information about the trends in change of speed during cross-country （XC） ski racing is available. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the effect of performance （quartiles of race time （Q）, with Q1 the fastest and Q4 the slowest） level on pacing in the Vasaloppet ski race, the largest XC skiing race in the world. Methods： For this purpose, we analyzed female （n = 19,465） and male （n = 164,454） finishers in the Vasaloppet ski race from 2004 to 2017 using a one-way （2 sexes） analysis of variance with repeated measures to examine percentage changes of speed between 2 successive splits. Overall, the race consisted of 8 splits. Results： The race speeds of Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 13.6 ± 1.8, 10.6 ± 0.5, 9.2 ± 0.3, and 8.1 ±- 0.4 km/h, respectively, among females and 16.7 ± 1.7, 13.1 ± 0.7, 10.9 ± 0.6, and 8.9 ± 0.7 km/h, respectively, among males. The overall pacing strategy of finishers was variable. A small sex × split interaction on speed was observed （η^2= 0.016, p 〈 0.001）, with speed difference between sexes ranging from 14.9% （Split 7） to 27.0% （Split 1） and larger changes in speed between 2 successive splits being shown for females （p 〈 0.001, η^2=0.004）. A large performance × split interaction on speed, with Q1 presenting the smallest changes of speed between splits, was shown for females （η^2= 0.149, p 〈 0.001） and males （η^2 = 0.169,p 〈 0.001）. Conclusion： Male and fast XC skiers are more even pacers. Coaches and athletes should develop tailored sex- and performance-level pacing strategies; for instance, they should advise fast XC skiers to start fast and maintain their speed, rather than starting slowly and trying to make up time by going faster at times during the race.2018 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. T
