针对美国公共卫生协会等编制的<Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater>第19版中有关水质稳定中pHs的计算进行了探讨.对有关pHs的计算式作了详细的推导,推导出另一重碳酸盐离子浓度计算公式,并作了两种重碳...针对美国公共卫生协会等编制的<Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater>第19版中有关水质稳定中pHs的计算进行了探讨.对有关pHs的计算式作了详细的推导,推导出另一重碳酸盐离子浓度计算公式,并作了两种重碳酸盐离子浓度计算公式的计算结果比较.当pH值较小时,推导的公式与<StandardMethods for Examination of Water and Wastewater>第19版中的公式的计算结果无显著差异;但在pH＞7.5时,两者相对误差大于0.3%.而当pH=9时,两者相对误差为10.4%.在pH=6.0～7.5范围内,且总碱度大于1.0mmol/L(50 mg/L CaCO3)时,总碱度[Alk]t与[HCO3-]无显著差异;但当pH＜6.0,pH＞7.5时,[Alk]t与[HCO3-]相对误差大于0.4%.展开更多
Water quality index has been used in various researches for the assessment of water quality for various uses and discharges into the environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the water quality index of t...Water quality index has been used in various researches for the assessment of water quality for various uses and discharges into the environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the water quality index of the effluent from waste stabilisation ponds and 400 m beyond discharge point. This was achieved by evaluating concentrations of seven parameters from soil, eleven physiochemical parameters from effluent and four microbiological parameters. Corresponding water quality indices calculated from microbiological parameters were 854, 142, 96 and 1539 respectively, at sites 1, 2, 3 and 4. Reductions of magnesium, zinc, lead, sodium adsorption ratio, sodium and electrical conductivity in soil samples at site 4 were 15.5%, 57%, 81.6%, 93.5%, 93.5% and 99% respectively. The percentage increases were 21.4% and 185% respectively, for calcium and iron ions. It can be concluded that the water quality index of the waste stabilisation ponds is unsuitable for discharge into the environment. However, the results revealed improved quality downstream of discharge point.展开更多
In Japan, various countermeasures have been taken to improve the water quality of public waters such as rivers and lakes. Though water quality has improved, it is still insufficient. In summer, eutrophication is seen ...In Japan, various countermeasures have been taken to improve the water quality of public waters such as rivers and lakes. Though water quality has improved, it is still insufficient. In summer, eutrophication is seen in lakes and inner bays, as well as rivers. As a countermeasure to prevent eutrophication, the removal treatment of nutrient salts such as nitrogen and phosphorus is done, in addition to organic substance elimination in the domestic sewerage system. This report will show the water quality characteristics of rivers and ponds in Japan. It is considered that these investigative results are effective when the water quality improvement of the stabilization ponds where eutrophication occurs are examined in China.展开更多
文摘针对美国公共卫生协会等编制的<Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater>第19版中有关水质稳定中pHs的计算进行了探讨.对有关pHs的计算式作了详细的推导,推导出另一重碳酸盐离子浓度计算公式,并作了两种重碳酸盐离子浓度计算公式的计算结果比较.当pH值较小时,推导的公式与<StandardMethods for Examination of Water and Wastewater>第19版中的公式的计算结果无显著差异;但在pH＞7.5时,两者相对误差大于0.3%.而当pH=9时,两者相对误差为10.4%.在pH=6.0～7.5范围内,且总碱度大于1.0mmol/L(50 mg/L CaCO3)时,总碱度[Alk]t与[HCO3-]无显著差异;但当pH＜6.0,pH＞7.5时,[Alk]t与[HCO3-]相对误差大于0.4%.
文摘Water quality index has been used in various researches for the assessment of water quality for various uses and discharges into the environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the water quality index of the effluent from waste stabilisation ponds and 400 m beyond discharge point. This was achieved by evaluating concentrations of seven parameters from soil, eleven physiochemical parameters from effluent and four microbiological parameters. Corresponding water quality indices calculated from microbiological parameters were 854, 142, 96 and 1539 respectively, at sites 1, 2, 3 and 4. Reductions of magnesium, zinc, lead, sodium adsorption ratio, sodium and electrical conductivity in soil samples at site 4 were 15.5%, 57%, 81.6%, 93.5%, 93.5% and 99% respectively. The percentage increases were 21.4% and 185% respectively, for calcium and iron ions. It can be concluded that the water quality index of the waste stabilisation ponds is unsuitable for discharge into the environment. However, the results revealed improved quality downstream of discharge point.
文摘In Japan, various countermeasures have been taken to improve the water quality of public waters such as rivers and lakes. Though water quality has improved, it is still insufficient. In summer, eutrophication is seen in lakes and inner bays, as well as rivers. As a countermeasure to prevent eutrophication, the removal treatment of nutrient salts such as nitrogen and phosphorus is done, in addition to organic substance elimination in the domestic sewerage system. This report will show the water quality characteristics of rivers and ponds in Japan. It is considered that these investigative results are effective when the water quality improvement of the stabilization ponds where eutrophication occurs are examined in China.
