美国肝病研究学会（American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases,AASLD）2005年发布的〈肝细胞癌临床指南〉是在国际上获得最广泛公认的肝细胞癌（HCC）临床诊断、治疗的指南,也是国际临床试验设计与评价最主要的依据.2010年...美国肝病研究学会（American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases,AASLD）2005年发布的〈肝细胞癌临床指南〉是在国际上获得最广泛公认的肝细胞癌（HCC）临床诊断、治疗的指南,也是国际临床试验设计与评价最主要的依据.2010年,AASLD根据5年来肝癌临床实践的循证医学证据,对2005年版指南进行全面更新,在线全文发表了〈肝细胞癌临床指南更新〉（以下简称〈指南更新〉）,并历经若干小修改.今年3月,在〈Hepatology〉杂志上正式发表了该〈指南更新〉的要点.本文重点评述〈指南更新〉对2005年版指南的增补和修改内容[初稿部分刊登于〈中国医学前沿杂志（电子版）〉2011年第1期].展开更多
2021年4月,中国临床肿瘤学会(Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology,CSCO)乳腺癌专家委员会发布了2021年的CSCO《乳腺癌诊疗指南》。新版指南在2020年指南的基础上,秉承循证医学证据、兼顾诊治方案可及性的原则,对乳腺癌的诊断检查、...2021年4月,中国临床肿瘤学会(Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology,CSCO)乳腺癌专家委员会发布了2021年的CSCO《乳腺癌诊疗指南》。新版指南在2020年指南的基础上,秉承循证医学证据、兼顾诊治方案可及性的原则,对乳腺癌的诊断检查、治疗评估等内容做了推荐调整,同时新增了“靶向药物不良反应管理”、“常态化疫情防控下乳腺癌患者管理”等章节,以期更好地实现患者的全程管理。该文总结新版指南更新要点,并结合最新循证医学进展和药物可及性变化进行了解读。展开更多
Histopathologic diversity and several distinct histologic subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) are well-recognized. Recent advances in molecular pathology and growing knowledge about the biology associated with d...Histopathologic diversity and several distinct histologic subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) are well-recognized. Recent advances in molecular pathology and growing knowledge about the biology associated with distinct histologic features and immuno-profile in HCC allowed pathologists to update classifications. Improving sub-classification will allow for more clinically relevant diagnoses and may allow for stratification into biologically meaningful subgroups. Therefore, immuno-histochemical and molecular testing are not only diagnostically useful, but also are being incorporated as crucial components in predicting prognosis of the patients with HCC. Possibilities of targeted therapy are being explored in HCC, and it will be important for pathologists to provide any data that may be valuable from a theranostic perspective. Herein, we review and provide updates regarding the pathologic sub-classification of HCC.Pathologic diagnostic approach and the role of biomarkers as prognosticators are reviewed. Further, the histopathology of four particular subtypes of HCC:Steatohepatitic, clear cell, fibrolamellar and scirrhous-and their clinical relevance, and the recent consensus on combined HCC-cholangiocarcinoma is summarized. Finally, emerging novel biomarkers and new approaches to HCC stratification are reviewed.展开更多
文摘美国肝病研究学会（American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases,AASLD）2005年发布的〈肝细胞癌临床指南〉是在国际上获得最广泛公认的肝细胞癌（HCC）临床诊断、治疗的指南,也是国际临床试验设计与评价最主要的依据.2010年,AASLD根据5年来肝癌临床实践的循证医学证据,对2005年版指南进行全面更新,在线全文发表了〈肝细胞癌临床指南更新〉（以下简称〈指南更新〉）,并历经若干小修改.今年3月,在〈Hepatology〉杂志上正式发表了该〈指南更新〉的要点.本文重点评述〈指南更新〉对2005年版指南的增补和修改内容[初稿部分刊登于〈中国医学前沿杂志（电子版）〉2011年第1期].
文摘2021年4月,中国临床肿瘤学会(Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology,CSCO)乳腺癌专家委员会发布了2021年的CSCO《乳腺癌诊疗指南》。新版指南在2020年指南的基础上,秉承循证医学证据、兼顾诊治方案可及性的原则,对乳腺癌的诊断检查、治疗评估等内容做了推荐调整,同时新增了“靶向药物不良反应管理”、“常态化疫情防控下乳腺癌患者管理”等章节,以期更好地实现患者的全程管理。该文总结新版指南更新要点,并结合最新循证医学进展和药物可及性变化进行了解读。
文摘Histopathologic diversity and several distinct histologic subtypes of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) are well-recognized. Recent advances in molecular pathology and growing knowledge about the biology associated with distinct histologic features and immuno-profile in HCC allowed pathologists to update classifications. Improving sub-classification will allow for more clinically relevant diagnoses and may allow for stratification into biologically meaningful subgroups. Therefore, immuno-histochemical and molecular testing are not only diagnostically useful, but also are being incorporated as crucial components in predicting prognosis of the patients with HCC. Possibilities of targeted therapy are being explored in HCC, and it will be important for pathologists to provide any data that may be valuable from a theranostic perspective. Herein, we review and provide updates regarding the pathologic sub-classification of HCC.Pathologic diagnostic approach and the role of biomarkers as prognosticators are reviewed. Further, the histopathology of four particular subtypes of HCC:Steatohepatitic, clear cell, fibrolamellar and scirrhous-and their clinical relevance, and the recent consensus on combined HCC-cholangiocarcinoma is summarized. Finally, emerging novel biomarkers and new approaches to HCC stratification are reviewed.
