在J2EE开发中,程序员经常需要面对如何将程序元素组装成类聚的应用程序,如何有效地管理组件和组件间的相互调用装载,成为应用程序开发的重要任务,IOC(Inversion of Control,控制反转)框架的发展,满足了这个方面的需求。文中讨论了IOC模...在J2EE开发中,程序员经常需要面对如何将程序元素组装成类聚的应用程序,如何有效地管理组件和组件间的相互调用装载,成为应用程序开发的重要任务,IOC(Inversion of Control,控制反转)框架的发展,满足了这个方面的需求。文中讨论了IOC模式的基本概论I、OC问题的产生,比较了IOC模式与工厂模式的区别以及IOC的发展意义,重点给出了IOC框架设计的两种设计方案:动态IOC和静态IOC的实现,最后比较了两种方案的优缺点。展开更多
Early bolting of Chinese cabbage （Brassica rapa L.） during spring cultivation often has detrimental effects on the yield and quality of the harvested products. Breeding late bolting varieties is a major objective of...Early bolting of Chinese cabbage （Brassica rapa L.） during spring cultivation often has detrimental effects on the yield and quality of the harvested products. Breeding late bolting varieties is a major objective of Chinese cabbage breeding programs. In order to analyze the genetic basis of bolting traits, a genetic map of B. rapa was constructed based on amplified fragment-length poiymorphism （AFLP）, sequence-related amplified poiymorphism （SRAP）, simple sequence repeat （SSR）, random amplification of polymorphic DNA （RAPD）, and isozyme markers. Marker analysis was carried out on 81 double haploid （DH） lines obtained by microspore culture from F1 progeny of two homozygous parents： B. rapa L. ssp. pekinensis （BY） （an extra-early bolting Chinese cabbage line） and B. rapa L. ssp. rapifera （MM） （an extra-late bolting European turnip line）. A total of 326 markers including 130 AFLPs, 123 SRAPs, 16 SSRs, 43 RAPDs and 14 isozymes were used to construct a linkage map with 10 linkage groups covering 882 cM with an average distance of 2.71 cM between loci. The bolting trait of each DH line was evaluated by the bolting index under controlled conditions. Quantitative trait loci （QTL） analysis was conducted using multiple QTL model mapping with MapQTL5.0 software. Eight QTLs controlling bolting resistance were identified. These QTLs, accounting for 14.1% to 25.2% of the phenotypic variation with positive additive effects, were distributed into three linkage groups. These results provide useful information for molecular marker-assisted selection of late bolting traits in Chinese cabbage breeding programs.展开更多
文摘在J2EE开发中,程序员经常需要面对如何将程序元素组装成类聚的应用程序,如何有效地管理组件和组件间的相互调用装载,成为应用程序开发的重要任务,IOC(Inversion of Control,控制反转)框架的发展,满足了这个方面的需求。文中讨论了IOC模式的基本概论I、OC问题的产生,比较了IOC模式与工厂模式的区别以及IOC的发展意义,重点给出了IOC框架设计的两种设计方案:动态IOC和静态IOC的实现,最后比较了两种方案的优缺点。
基金Supported by the Hi-Tech Research and Development （863） Program of China （2001AA241124 and 2002AA207012）, the Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China （5050001） and the Program of Beijing Municipal Committee （2005F-13）.
文摘Early bolting of Chinese cabbage （Brassica rapa L.） during spring cultivation often has detrimental effects on the yield and quality of the harvested products. Breeding late bolting varieties is a major objective of Chinese cabbage breeding programs. In order to analyze the genetic basis of bolting traits, a genetic map of B. rapa was constructed based on amplified fragment-length poiymorphism （AFLP）, sequence-related amplified poiymorphism （SRAP）, simple sequence repeat （SSR）, random amplification of polymorphic DNA （RAPD）, and isozyme markers. Marker analysis was carried out on 81 double haploid （DH） lines obtained by microspore culture from F1 progeny of two homozygous parents： B. rapa L. ssp. pekinensis （BY） （an extra-early bolting Chinese cabbage line） and B. rapa L. ssp. rapifera （MM） （an extra-late bolting European turnip line）. A total of 326 markers including 130 AFLPs, 123 SRAPs, 16 SSRs, 43 RAPDs and 14 isozymes were used to construct a linkage map with 10 linkage groups covering 882 cM with an average distance of 2.71 cM between loci. The bolting trait of each DH line was evaluated by the bolting index under controlled conditions. Quantitative trait loci （QTL） analysis was conducted using multiple QTL model mapping with MapQTL5.0 software. Eight QTLs controlling bolting resistance were identified. These QTLs, accounting for 14.1% to 25.2% of the phenotypic variation with positive additive effects, were distributed into three linkage groups. These results provide useful information for molecular marker-assisted selection of late bolting traits in Chinese cabbage breeding programs.
