The Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit（〉500 Mt @1.2%Ni,0.7%Cu,～0.4 g/t PGE）,one of the largest magmatic sulphide deposits in the world,is located within the westernmost terrane of the North China Craton.It is hosted withi...The Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit（〉500 Mt @1.2%Ni,0.7%Cu,～0.4 g/t PGE）,one of the largest magmatic sulphide deposits in the world,is located within the westernmost terrane of the North China Craton.It is hosted within the 6.5 km long,Neoproterozoic（～0.83 Ga） Jinchuan ultramafic intrusion,emplaced as a sill-like body into a Palaeoproterozoic suite of gneisses,migmatites,marbles and amphibolites,below an active intracratonic rift.The parental magma was high-Mg basalt,generated through melting of subcrustal lithospheric mantle by a mantle plume during the initiation of Rodinia supercontinent breakup.The lower Palaeozoic collision of the exotic Qilian Block with the breakup-related southern margin of the craton accreted a subduction complex,and emplaced voluminous granitic intrusions and foreland basin sequences within the craton,to as far north as Jinchuan.During the Cainozoic,allochthonous lower Palaeozoic rocks were thrust up to 300 km to the northeast over cratonic basement,to within 25 km of the Jinchuan deposit.The Jinchuan ultramafic intrusion was injected into three interconnected sub-chambers,each containing a separate orebody.It essentially comprises an olivine-orthopyroxene-chromite cumulate,with interstitial orthopyroxene,clinopyroxene,plagioclase and phlogopite,and is predominantly composed of lherzolite（～80%）,with an outer rim of olivine pyroxenite and cores of mineralised dunite.Mineralisation occurs as disseminated and net-textured sulphides,predominantly within the dunite,with lesser,PGE rich lenses,late massive sulphide accumulations,small copper rich pods and limited mineralised diopside skarn in wall rock marbles.The principal ore minerals are pyrrhotite（the dominant sulphide）,pentlandite,chalcopyrite,cubanite,mackinawite and pyrite,with a variety of platinum group minerals and minor gold.The deposit underwent significant post-magmatic tremolite-actinolite,chlorite,serpentine and magnetite alteration.The volume of thejinchuan intrusion accounts for 〈3% of the total parental 展开更多
As a promising energy-storage device,the hybrid lithium-ion capacitor coupling with both a large energy density battery-type anode and a high power density capacitor-type cathode is attracting great attention.For the ...As a promising energy-storage device,the hybrid lithium-ion capacitor coupling with both a large energy density battery-type anode and a high power density capacitor-type cathode is attracting great attention.For the sake of improving the energy density of hybrid lithium-ion capacitor,the free-standing anodes with good electrochemical performance are essential.Herein,we design an effective electrospinning strategy to prepare free-standing MnS/Co4S3/Ni3S2/Ni/C-nanofibers(TMSs/Ni/C-NFs)film and firstly use it as a binder-free anode for hybrid lithium-ion capacitor.We find that the carbon nanofibers can availably prevent MnS/Co4S3/Ni3S2/Ni nanoparticles from aggregation as well as significantly improve the electrochemical performance.Therefore,the binder-free TMSs/Ni/C-NFs membrane displays an ultrahigh reversible capacity of 1246.9 m Ah g-1at 100 m A g-1,excellent rate capability(398 mAh g-1 at2000 mA g-1),and long-term cyclic endurance.Besides,we further assemble the hybrid lithium-ion capacitor,which exhibits a high energy density of 182.0 Wh kg-1at 121.1 W kg-1(19.0 Wh kg-1 at 3512.5 W kg-1)and remarkable cycle life.展开更多
Metavolcanic rocks hosting base metal sulphide mineralization, and belonging to the Kid Metamorphic Complex, are exposed in the Samra-Tarr area, Southern Sinai. The rocks consist of slightly metamorphosed varicolored ...Metavolcanic rocks hosting base metal sulphide mineralization, and belonging to the Kid Metamorphic Complex, are exposed in the Samra-Tarr area, Southern Sinai. The rocks consist of slightly metamorphosed varicolored porphyritic lavas of rhyolite-to-andesite composition, and their equivalent pyroclastics. Geochemically, these metavolcanics are classified as high-K calc-alkaline, metaluminous andesites, trachyandesites, dacites, and rhyolites. The geochemical characteristics of these metavolcanics strongly point to their derivation from continental crust in an active continental margin. The sulphide mineralization in these metavolcanics occurs in two major ore zones, and is represented by four distinct styles of mineralization. The mineralization occurs either as low-grade disseminations or as small massive pockets. The associated hydrothermal alterations include carbonatization, silicification, sericitization and argillic alterations. The base metal sulphide mineralization is epigenetic and was formed by hvdrothermal solutions associated with subduction-related volcanic activity.展开更多
Ultrafine Milling technology is used to treat gold-bearingsulphides and to investigate the effects of minerals size, millingtime, liquid/solid ratio, NaCN consumption and leaching aid onleaching rate of gold. The resu...Ultrafine Milling technology is used to treat gold-bearingsulphides and to investigate the effects of minerals size, millingtime, liquid/solid ratio, NaCN consumption and leaching aid onleaching rate of gold. The results indicate that shorter treatingtime, decrease of NaCN consumption of 60/100 and increase of goldleaching rate of 15/100 can be ob- tained by the ultrafine millingtechnology compared with traditional cyanide leaching. Potentialexists for the new pro- cess to form the basis for an economicallyprocess for treatment of gold-bearing sulphides.展开更多
Orthognathic surgery is frequently accompanied by intermaxillary fixation. Intermaxillary fixation impedes the maintenance of effective oral hygiene and prolonged fixation can result in periodontal disease. A potentia...Orthognathic surgery is frequently accompanied by intermaxillary fixation. Intermaxillary fixation impedes the maintenance of effective oral hygiene and prolonged fixation can result in periodontal disease. A potential shorter term effect is the generation of oral malodour. It is unclear, however, as to how the production of malodorous compounds in the oral cavity is altered post-surgery. Oral air concentration of sulphur containing compounds, short chain organic acids, ammonia, isoprene and acetone were measured using selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry in a patient who had undergone orthognathic surgery with subsequent intermaxillary fixation. Total sulphide levels rose approximately 5-fold during fixation with metal ties, with smaller increases recorded for the other compounds measured with the exception of isoprene which remained close to baseline levels. Organic acid levels declined markedly once elastic ties had replaced metal ties, with a lesser reduction being observed in sulphide levels, with both declining further after the commencement of a chlorhexidinecontaining mouthwash. These data suggest that bacterial generation of a variety of malodorous compounds increases markedly following intermaxillary fixation. This single case also suggests that the use of elastic ties and effective oral hygiene techniques, including the use of chlorhexidine mouthwash, may help ameliorate such post-surgical effects.展开更多
Mafic and ultramafic intrusions observed in the Archean formations of the Sipilou region exhibit occurrences of polymetallic sulphide. Mapping, petrographic and geochemical studies have defined magnetic facies associa...Mafic and ultramafic intrusions observed in the Archean formations of the Sipilou region exhibit occurrences of polymetallic sulphide. Mapping, petrographic and geochemical studies have defined magnetic facies associated with the various geological units. The results of this work reveal that cupronickel sulphides, olivines and pyroxenes as well as spinels are related to ultrabasic formations where strong magnetic facies prevail. Iron sulphides and magnetite are linked to quartzo-feldspathic and jotunite-enderbite formations, which are characterised by moderate magnetic facies. The latter are thought to be derived from anatexite remobilisation within Archean granulites, which have weak magnetic facies.展开更多
The bacteria used in the experiment are Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans separated from acidic mine water in sulphide deposits. The chemoautotrophic bacteria can act directly on sulphides and accelerate the oxidation of sulp...The bacteria used in the experiment are Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans separated from acidic mine water in sulphide deposits. The chemoautotrophic bacteria can act directly on sulphides and accelerate the oxidation of sulphides. The experiment shows that the bacteria, as an important microbial factor of gold's supergenous enrichment within the oxidized zones of sulphide deposits, are helpful to dissolve gold and silver in ferric sulphate. In the bacterial oxidation process, the precipitation of goethite is concerned both with the lower activity of ferric ions and with the existence of carbonates in solution. Meanwhile, the acid-resisting and oxidizing ability of the bacteria will certainly lead up to a microbial way of treating the acidic mine water.展开更多
文摘The Jinchuan Ni-Cu-PGE deposit（〉500 Mt @1.2%Ni,0.7%Cu,～0.4 g/t PGE）,one of the largest magmatic sulphide deposits in the world,is located within the westernmost terrane of the North China Craton.It is hosted within the 6.5 km long,Neoproterozoic（～0.83 Ga） Jinchuan ultramafic intrusion,emplaced as a sill-like body into a Palaeoproterozoic suite of gneisses,migmatites,marbles and amphibolites,below an active intracratonic rift.The parental magma was high-Mg basalt,generated through melting of subcrustal lithospheric mantle by a mantle plume during the initiation of Rodinia supercontinent breakup.The lower Palaeozoic collision of the exotic Qilian Block with the breakup-related southern margin of the craton accreted a subduction complex,and emplaced voluminous granitic intrusions and foreland basin sequences within the craton,to as far north as Jinchuan.During the Cainozoic,allochthonous lower Palaeozoic rocks were thrust up to 300 km to the northeast over cratonic basement,to within 25 km of the Jinchuan deposit.The Jinchuan ultramafic intrusion was injected into three interconnected sub-chambers,each containing a separate orebody.It essentially comprises an olivine-orthopyroxene-chromite cumulate,with interstitial orthopyroxene,clinopyroxene,plagioclase and phlogopite,and is predominantly composed of lherzolite（～80%）,with an outer rim of olivine pyroxenite and cores of mineralised dunite.Mineralisation occurs as disseminated and net-textured sulphides,predominantly within the dunite,with lesser,PGE rich lenses,late massive sulphide accumulations,small copper rich pods and limited mineralised diopside skarn in wall rock marbles.The principal ore minerals are pyrrhotite（the dominant sulphide）,pentlandite,chalcopyrite,cubanite,mackinawite and pyrite,with a variety of platinum group minerals and minor gold.The deposit underwent significant post-magmatic tremolite-actinolite,chlorite,serpentine and magnetite alteration.The volume of thejinchuan intrusion accounts for 〈3% of the total parental
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51072173, 51272221 and 51302239)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (Grant Nos. 20134301130001)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, China (Grant Nos. 13JJ4051).
文摘As a promising energy-storage device,the hybrid lithium-ion capacitor coupling with both a large energy density battery-type anode and a high power density capacitor-type cathode is attracting great attention.For the sake of improving the energy density of hybrid lithium-ion capacitor,the free-standing anodes with good electrochemical performance are essential.Herein,we design an effective electrospinning strategy to prepare free-standing MnS/Co4S3/Ni3S2/Ni/C-nanofibers(TMSs/Ni/C-NFs)film and firstly use it as a binder-free anode for hybrid lithium-ion capacitor.We find that the carbon nanofibers can availably prevent MnS/Co4S3/Ni3S2/Ni nanoparticles from aggregation as well as significantly improve the electrochemical performance.Therefore,the binder-free TMSs/Ni/C-NFs membrane displays an ultrahigh reversible capacity of 1246.9 m Ah g-1at 100 m A g-1,excellent rate capability(398 mAh g-1 at2000 mA g-1),and long-term cyclic endurance.Besides,we further assemble the hybrid lithium-ion capacitor,which exhibits a high energy density of 182.0 Wh kg-1at 121.1 W kg-1(19.0 Wh kg-1 at 3512.5 W kg-1)and remarkable cycle life.
基金supported and partly funded by a grant provided by the Administration of Postgraduate Studies and Research,Suez Canal University
文摘Metavolcanic rocks hosting base metal sulphide mineralization, and belonging to the Kid Metamorphic Complex, are exposed in the Samra-Tarr area, Southern Sinai. The rocks consist of slightly metamorphosed varicolored porphyritic lavas of rhyolite-to-andesite composition, and their equivalent pyroclastics. Geochemically, these metavolcanics are classified as high-K calc-alkaline, metaluminous andesites, trachyandesites, dacites, and rhyolites. The geochemical characteristics of these metavolcanics strongly point to their derivation from continental crust in an active continental margin. The sulphide mineralization in these metavolcanics occurs in two major ore zones, and is represented by four distinct styles of mineralization. The mineralization occurs either as low-grade disseminations or as small massive pockets. The associated hydrothermal alterations include carbonatization, silicification, sericitization and argillic alterations. The base metal sulphide mineralization is epigenetic and was formed by hvdrothermal solutions associated with subduction-related volcanic activity.
基金This project is financially supported by the Excellent Doctoral Dissertation Foundation of Hunan Province(No.200114)
文摘Ultrafine Milling technology is used to treat gold-bearingsulphides and to investigate the effects of minerals size, millingtime, liquid/solid ratio, NaCN consumption and leaching aid onleaching rate of gold. The results indicate that shorter treatingtime, decrease of NaCN consumption of 60/100 and increase of goldleaching rate of 15/100 can be ob- tained by the ultrafine millingtechnology compared with traditional cyanide leaching. Potentialexists for the new pro- cess to form the basis for an economicallyprocess for treatment of gold-bearing sulphides.
文摘Orthognathic surgery is frequently accompanied by intermaxillary fixation. Intermaxillary fixation impedes the maintenance of effective oral hygiene and prolonged fixation can result in periodontal disease. A potential shorter term effect is the generation of oral malodour. It is unclear, however, as to how the production of malodorous compounds in the oral cavity is altered post-surgery. Oral air concentration of sulphur containing compounds, short chain organic acids, ammonia, isoprene and acetone were measured using selected ion flow tube-mass spectrometry in a patient who had undergone orthognathic surgery with subsequent intermaxillary fixation. Total sulphide levels rose approximately 5-fold during fixation with metal ties, with smaller increases recorded for the other compounds measured with the exception of isoprene which remained close to baseline levels. Organic acid levels declined markedly once elastic ties had replaced metal ties, with a lesser reduction being observed in sulphide levels, with both declining further after the commencement of a chlorhexidinecontaining mouthwash. These data suggest that bacterial generation of a variety of malodorous compounds increases markedly following intermaxillary fixation. This single case also suggests that the use of elastic ties and effective oral hygiene techniques, including the use of chlorhexidine mouthwash, may help ameliorate such post-surgical effects.
文摘Mafic and ultramafic intrusions observed in the Archean formations of the Sipilou region exhibit occurrences of polymetallic sulphide. Mapping, petrographic and geochemical studies have defined magnetic facies associated with the various geological units. The results of this work reveal that cupronickel sulphides, olivines and pyroxenes as well as spinels are related to ultrabasic formations where strong magnetic facies prevail. Iron sulphides and magnetite are linked to quartzo-feldspathic and jotunite-enderbite formations, which are characterised by moderate magnetic facies. The latter are thought to be derived from anatexite remobilisation within Archean granulites, which have weak magnetic facies.
文摘The bacteria used in the experiment are Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans separated from acidic mine water in sulphide deposits. The chemoautotrophic bacteria can act directly on sulphides and accelerate the oxidation of sulphides. The experiment shows that the bacteria, as an important microbial factor of gold's supergenous enrichment within the oxidized zones of sulphide deposits, are helpful to dissolve gold and silver in ferric sulphate. In the bacterial oxidation process, the precipitation of goethite is concerned both with the lower activity of ferric ions and with the existence of carbonates in solution. Meanwhile, the acid-resisting and oxidizing ability of the bacteria will certainly lead up to a microbial way of treating the acidic mine water.
